The Geobiology and Ecology of Metasequoia

449 Pages·2005·7.952 MB·English

by  Ben A. LePage, Hong Yang, Midori Matsumoto (auth.), Ben A. LePage, Christopher J. Williams, Hong Yang (eds.)

THEGEOBIOLOGYANDECOLOGYOFMETASEQUOIA
TOPICSINGEOBIOLOGY
SeriesEditors:NeilH.Landman,AmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory,NewYork,NewYork
DouglasS.Jones,UniversityofFlorida,Gainesville,Florida
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The Geobiology and Ecology
of Metasequoia
Editedby
BENA.LePAGE
URSCorporation,
335CommerceDrive,Suite300
Pennsylvania,19034U.S.A.
CHRISTOPHERJ.WILLIAMS
DepartmentofEarthandEnvironment
FranklinandMarshallCollege
P.O.Box3003
Lancaster,Pennsylvania17604,U.S.A.
and
HONGYANG
DepartmentofScienceandTechnology
BryantUniversity
1150DouglasPike
Smithfield,RhodeIsland
02917,U.S.A.
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Coverillustration:
TreesofMetasequoiaglyptostroboidesgrowingalongbanksoftheYujiangRiverandbaseof
themountainsintheShizibaValley,HubeiProvince,China.PhotographybyBenA.LePage,
URSCorporation,FortWashington,Pennsylvania.
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Table of Contents
Contributors xi
1. Ben A. LePage, Hong Yang and Midori Matsumoto The
EvolutionandBiogeographicHistoryofMetasequoia 3
2. Arata Momohara Paleoecology and History of Metasequoia in
Japan,withReferencetoitsExtinctionandSurvivalinEastAsia 115
3. Suzanna L. Richter and Ben A. LePage A High-Resolution
PalynologicalAnalysis,AxelHeibergIsland,CanadianHighArctic 137
4. Herbert W. Meyer Metasequoia in the Oligocene Bridge Creek
Flora of Western North America: Ecological Implications and the
HistoryofResearch 159
5. JudyBarrettLitoff Gunther’sTravels:TheOdysseyof
MetasequoiaSeedsfromthe1920s? 187
6. QinLeng CuticleAnalysisofLivingandFossilMetasequoia 197
7. Karimah Schoenhut Ultrastructural Preservation in Middle
Eocene Metasequoia Leaf Tissues from the Buchanan Lake
Formation 219
8. Hong Yang Biomolecules from Living and Fossil Metasequoia:
BiologicalandGeologicalApplications 253
9. ChristopherJ.Williams EcologicalCharacteristicsof
Metasequoiaglyptostroboides 285
10. DavidR.Vann PhysiologicalEcologyofMetasequoia
glyptostroboidesHuetCheng 305
vii
viii TableofContents
11. RichardJagelsandMariaA.Equiza CompetitiveAdvantages
ofMetasequoiainWarmHighLatitudes 335
12. JohnKuser SelectingandPropagatingNewCultivars
ofMetasequoia 353
13. ChristopheNugue CultivarsofMetasequoiaglyptostroboides 361
14. GaythaA.Langlois AConservationPlanforMetasequoiainChina 367
Index 419
MariaA.Equiza,UniversityofMaine,DepartmentofForestEcosystem
Science,Orono,Maine,04469,USA
RichardJagels,UniversityofMaine,DepartmentofForestEcosystem
Science,Orono,Maine,04469,USA;Richard [email protected]
JohnKuser,DepartmentofEcology,EvolutionandNaturalResources,Cook
College,RutgersUniversity,NewBrunswick,NewJersey,08901-8551,
USA
QinLeng,NanjingInstituteofGeologyandPalaeontology,Chinese
AcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008&StateKeyLaboratoryof
PalaeobiologyandStratigraphy,Nanjing,210008,China;[email protected]
GaythaA.Langlois,DepartmentofScienceandTechnology,Bryant
College,1150DouglasPike,Smithfield,RhodeIsland,02917,USA;
[email protected]
BenA.LePage,URSCorporation,335CommerceDrive,Suite300,Fort
Washington,Pennsylvania,19034,USA;Ben [email protected]
JudyBarrettLitoff,BryantCollege,DepartmentofHistoryandSocial
Sciences,1150DouglasPike,Smithfield,RhodeIsland,02917,USA;
[email protected]
MidoriMatsumoto,DepartmentofEarthSciences,ChibaUniversity,
Yayoi-cho1-33,Inage-ku,Chiba263,Japan;[email protected]
HerbertW.Meyer,FlorissantFossilBedsNationalMonument,United
StatesNationalParkService,P.O.Box185,15807TellerCountyRoad1,
Florissant,Colorado,80816,USA;herb [email protected]
ArataMomohara,FacultyofHorticulture,ChibaUniversity,648Matsudo,
Chiba,271-8510,Japan;[email protected]
ChristopheNugue,NationalCollectionCCVSofMetasequoia,15Avenue
JacquesChastellain,Apt.176,Rouen,76100,France;
[email protected]
SuzannaL.Richter,DepartmentofEarthandEnvironmentalScience,
UniversityofPennsylvania,240South33rd Street,Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania,19104,USA;[email protected]
KarimahSchoenhut,URSCorporation,335CommerceDrive,Suite300,
FortWashington,Pennsylvania,19034,USA;
[email protected]
x
DavidR.Vann,DepartmentofEarthandEnvironmentalScience,University
ofPennsylvania,240South33rd Street,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,19104,
USA;[email protected]
ChristopherJ.Williams,DepartmentofEarthandEnvironment,Franklin
andMarshallCollege,POBox3003,Lancaster,Pennsylvania,17604,USA;
[email protected]
HongYang,DepartmentofScienceandTechnology,1150DouglasPike,
Smithfield,RhodeIsland,02917,USA;[email protected]
Contributors
This volume of the Topics in Geobiology series offers original contributions
fromthe1stInternationalMetasequoiaSymposium,whichwasheldonthecam-
pus of the China University of Geosciences in Wuhan, Hubei Province from
August5–7,2002andincludedafieldtriptothenativehabitatofMetasequoia.
Thegoalofthissymposiumwastoprovideaninternationalforumwherescien-
tistswhowereactivelyinvolvedinthestudyoffossilandlivingMetasequoia
couldunitetoexchangeideas,assessthecurrentstateofknowledgeandiden-
tify new research directions within a sound scientific framework. To this end,
51 participants from 4 countries were in attendance. The conference featured
21 contributed oral and 3 poster presentations. Presentations were organized
aroundseveralthemes:historyandconservationofMetasequoia,paleobiology
and ecology of Metasequoia, and modern ecology of Metasequoia. We are
pleasedthatallofthesethemesarerepresentedinthepeer-reviewedcontribu-
tionsofthisvolume.
RenewedinterestintheevolutionaryhistoryofMetasequoiaindicatedthe
need to establish a multi-disciplinary working group of scientists to initiate
new and rigorous studies of this genus. This volume is an outgrowth of this
workinggroup.Forscientistsandthegeneralpublicalike,fewtreeshavefueled
ourcuriosityandfascination,ashavetheredwoodsfortheirsize,longevityand
theirevolutionaryhistory.Amongtheredwoods,Metasequoiaglyptostroboides
Hu et Cheng (Hu & Cheng, 1948) or the Dawn redwood, is probably one of
the most interesting species, even though it is a more recent addition to the
family. The dawn redwood was known initially only as a fossil and was first
described in the scientific literature in 1941 by the Japanese paleobotanist,
ShigeruMiki.Eightyearslater,theChinesebotanistsHuandChengunveiled
atreetotheworldthatlocalresidentsoftheXiahoeValleyinsoutheastChina
xi