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The Gale Encyclopedia of Surgery & Medical Tests PDF

1932 Pages·2008·1.03 MB·English
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GALE The ENCYCLOPEDIA of S URGERY AND MEDICAL TESTS S E C O N D E D I T I O N GALE The ENCYCLOPEDIA of S URGERY AND M T EDICAL ESTS S E C O N D E D I T I O N BRIGHAM NARINS, EDITOR GaleEncyclopediaofSurgeryandMedical ª2009Gale,CengageLearning Tests,SecondEdition ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.Nopartofthisworkcoveredbythecopyrighthereinmaybe reproduced,transmitted,stored,orusedinanyformorbyanymeansgraphic, ProjectEditor:BrighamNarins electronic,ormechanical,includingbutnotlimitedtophotocopying,recording, Editorial:DonnaBatten,AmyKwolek,Jeffrey scanning,digitizing,taping,Webdistribution,informationnetworks,orinformation Wilson storageandretrievalsystems,exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe1976 ProductManager:KateHanley UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher. EditorialSupportServices:AndreaLopeman IndexingServices:KatherineJensen,Indexes,etc. Forproductinformationandtechnologyassistance,contactusat RightsAcquisitionandManagement:Margaret GaleCustomerSupport,18008774253. ChamberlainGaston,KellyA.Quin,and Forpermissiontousematerialfromthistextorproduct, RobynV.Young submitallrequestsonlineatwww.cengage.com/permissions. Furtherpermissionsquestionscanbeemailedto Composition:EviAbouElSeoud [email protected] Manufacturing:WendyBlurton Imaging:LezlieLight Whileeveryefforthasbeenmadetoensurethereliabilityoftheinformation ProductDesign:PamGalbreath presentedinthispublication,Gale,apartofCengageLearning,doesnotguaranteethe accuracyofthedatacontainedherein.Galeacceptsnopaymentforlisting;and inclusioninthepublicationofanyorganization,agency,institution,publication,service, orindividualdoesnotimplyendorsementoftheeditorsorpublisher.Errorsbroughtto theattentionofthepublisherandverifiedtothesatisfactionofthepublisherwillbe correctedinfutureeditions. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData TheGaleencyclopediaofsurgeryandmedicaltests:aguideforpatientsandcaregivers/ BrighamNarins,editor. 2nded. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN13:9781414448848(set:alk.paper) ISBN13:9781414448855(vol.1:alk.paper) ISBN13:9781414448862(vol.2:alk.paper) ISBN13:9781414448879(vol.3:alk.paper) [etc.] 1.Surgery Encyclopedias.2.Diagnosis Encyclopedias. I.Narins,Brigham,1962. RD17.G3422008 617.003 dc22 2008020207 Gale 27500DrakeRd. FarmingtonHills,MI,483313535 ISBN13:9781414448848(set) ISBN10:1414448848(set) ISBN13:9781414448855(vol.1) ISBN10:1414448856(vol.1) ISBN13:9781414448862(vol.2 ISBN10:1414448864(vol.2) ISBN13:9781414448879(vol.3) ISBN10:1414448872(vol.3) ISBN13:9781414448886(vol.4) ISBN10:1414448880(vol.4) Thistitleisalsoavailableasanebook. ISBN13:9781414448893ISBN10:1414448899 ContactyourGale,CengageLearningsalesrepresentativefororderinginformation. Printed in China 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 12 11 10 09 08 CONTENTS List of Entries vii ............................................ List of Entries by Body System xiii ................ Introduction xix .............................................. Advisory Board xxi ......................................... Contributors xxiii ........................................... Entries 1 Organizations 1771 ......................................... Glossary 1785 ................................................. General Index 1865 ........................................ GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY AND MEDICAL TESTS, 2nd EDITION V LIST OF ENTRIES Antihypertensivedrugs Bloodculture A Antinauseadrugs Blooddonationandregistry Antiseptics Bloodphosphatelevel Abdominalultrasound Antrectomy Bloodpotassiumlevel Abdominalwalldefectrepair Aorticaneurysmrepair Bloodpressuremeasurement Abdominoplasty Aorticvalvereplacement Bloodsalvage ABObloodtyping Appendectomy Bloodsodiumlevel Abortion,induced Arterialbloodgases(ABG) Bloodtypetest Abscessincisionanddrainage Acetaminophen Arteriovenousfistula Bloodureanitrogentest Adenoidectomy Arthrography Bloodlesssurgery Admissiontothehospital Arthroplasty Bodytemperature Adrenalectomy Arthroscopicsurgery Bonegrafting Adrenergicdrugs Artificialsphincterinsertion Bonemarrowaspirationand Adultdaycare Aseptictechnique biopsy Alanineaminotransferasetest Aspartateaminotransferasetest Bonemarrowtransplantation AlbuminTest,Blood Aspirin Bonexrays Ambulatorysurgerycenters Autologousblooddonation Bowelpreparation Amniocentesis Axillarydissection Bowelresection Amputation Bowelresection,smallintestine Anaerobicbacteriaculture Breastbiopsy Analgesics B Breastimplants Analgesics,opioid Breastreconstruction Balloonvalvuloplasty Anesthesiaevaluation Breastreduction Bandagesanddressings Anesthesia,general Bronchoscopy Bankartprocedure Anesthesia,local BUN-creatinineratio Barbiturates Anesthesiologist’srole Bunionectomy Bariumenema Angiography Bedsores Angioplasty Biliarystenting Anteriortemporallobectomy C Biofeedback Antianxietydrugs Bispectralindex Cardiaccatheterization Antibiotics Bladderaugmentation Cardiaceventmonitor Antibiotics,topical Antibodytests,immunoglobulins Blepharoplasty Cardiacmarkertests Anticoagulantandantiplatelet BloodCa(calcium)level Cardiacmonitor drugs Bloodcarbondioxidelevel Cardiopulmonaryresuscitation GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY AND MEDICAL TESTS, 2nd EDITION vii s Cardioversion Cyclocryotherapy Erythromycins e tri Carotidendarterectomy Cystectomy Esophagealatresiarepair n E Carpaltunnelrelease Cystocelerepair Esophagealfunctiontests f o t Catheterization,female Cystoscopy Esophagealresection s Li Catheterization,male Esophagogastrectomy Cephalosporins Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Cerebralaneurysmrepair D Essentialsurgery Cerebrospinalfluid(CSF) Deathanddying Exenteration analysis Debridement Exercise Cervicalcerclage Deepbrainstimulation Extracapsularcataractextraction Cervicalcryotherapy Defecography Eyemusclesurgery Cesareansection Defibrillation Chemistryscreen Dentalimplants Chesttubeinsertion Dermabrasion F Chestxray Dilatationandcurettage Cholecystectomy Facelift Dischargefromthehospital Cholesterolandtriglyceridetests Fallopiantubeimplants Diskremoval Circumcision Fasciotomy Diuretics Cleftliprepair Femoralherniarepair Diverticulitis Closures:stitches,staples,and Fetalsurgery Donotresuscitate(DNR)order glue Fetoscopy Drug-resistantorganisms Clubfootrepair Fibrinsealants Cochlearimplants Findingasurgeon Collagenperiurethralinjection E Fingerreattachment Colonicstent Fluoroquinolones Colonoscopy Ear,nose,andthroatsurgery Foreheadlift Colorectalsurgery Echocardiography Fracturerepair Colostomy Electivesurgery Colporrhaphy Electrocardiogram Colposcopy Electrocardiography G Colpotomy Electroencephalography Completebloodcount Electrolytetests Gallstoneremoval Conebiopsy Electrophysiologystudyofthe Ganglioncystremoval Cornealtransplantation heart Gastrectomy Coronaryarterybypassgraft Emergencysurgery Gastricacidinhibitors surgery Endolymphaticshunt Gastricbypass Coronarystenting Endoscopicretrograde Gastroduodenostomy Corpuscallosotomy cholangiopancreatography Gastroenterologicsurgery Corticosteroids Endoscopicsinussurgery Gastroesophagealrefluxscan Craniofacialreconstruction Endoscopicultrasound Gastroesophagealrefluxsurgery Craniotomy Endotrachealintubation Gastrostomy Creatinephosphokinase(CPK) Endovascularstentsurgery Cricothyroidotomy Enhancedexternal Generalsurgery Cryotherapy counterpulsation Gingivectomy Cryotherapyforcataracts Enucleation,eye Glossectomy CTscans Epiduraltherapy Glucosetests Curettageandelectrosurgery Episiotomy Goniotomy viii GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY AND MEDICAL TESTS, 2nd EDITION Immunologictherapies LDLcholesteroltest L H is Immunosuppressantdrugs Leglengtheningorshortening t o f Hairtransplantation Implantablecardioverter- Lengthofhospitalstay E n Hammer,claw,andmallettoe defibrillator Limbsalvage trie surgery Invitrofertilization Lipidprofile s Handsurgery Incisioncare Lipidtests Healthcareproxy Incisionalherniarepair Liposuction Healthhistory Informedconsent Lithotripsy HealthMaintenance Inguinalherniarepair Liverbiopsy Organization(HMO) Intensivecareunit Liverfunctiontests Heartsurgeryforcongenital Intensivecareunitequipment Livertransplantation defects Intestinalobstructionrepair Livingwill Hearttransplantation Intra-OperativeParathyroid Lobectomy,pulmonary Heart-lungmachines HormoneMeasurement Long-termcareinsurance Heart-lungtransplantation Intravenousrehydration Lumpectomy Hellermyotomy Intussusceptionreduction Lungbiopsy Hemangiomaexcision Iridectomy Lungtransplantation Hematocrit Isletcelltransplantation Lymphadenectomy Hemispherectomy Hemoglobintest Hemoperfusion K M Hemorrhoidectomy Hepatectomy Kidneydialysis Magneticresonanceangiogram Hiatalhernia Kidneyfunctiontests Magneticresonanceimaging HIDAScan Kidneytransplantation Magneticresonancevenogram Hiposteotomy Kneearthroscopicsurgery Mammography Hipreplacement Kneeosteotomy Managedcareplans Hiprevisionsurgery Kneereplacement Mantouxtest Homecare Kneerevisionsurgery Mastectomy Hospice Kneecapremoval Mastoidectomy Hospitalservices Mazeprocedureforatrial Hospital-acquiredinfections fibrillation Humanleukocyteantigentest L Mechanicalcirculationsupport Hydrocelectomy Lacerationrepair Mechanicalventilation Hypophysectomy Laminectomy Meckel’sdiverticulectomy Hypospadiasrepair Laparoscopy Mediastinoscopy Hysterectomy Laparoscopyforendometriosis Medicaid Hysteroscopy Laparotomy,exploratory Medicalcharts Laryngectomy Medicalco-morbidities Laserin-situkeratomileusis Medicalerrors I (LASIK) Medicare Ilealconduitsurgery Laseriridotomy MedicationMonitoring Ileoanalanastomosis Laserposteriorcapsulotomy Meningocelerepair Ileoanalreservoirsurgery Laserskinresurfacing Mentalhealthassessment Ileostomy Lasersurgery Mentoplasty Immunoassaytests Laxatives Microsurgery GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY AND MEDICAL TESTS, 2nd EDITION ix

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Wide ranging and clearly written, this encyclopedia speaks authoritatively without talking down to patients, their families, and caregivers. Medical-care providers will also find this a valuable reference to help explain conditions, complex procedures, and medical treatments. It will also be useful
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