GALE The ENCYCLOPEDIA of A LTERNATIVE MEDICINE GALE The ENCYCLOPEDIA of A LTERNATIVE M EDICINE T H I R D E D I T I O N LAURIE J. FUNDUKIAN, EDITOR GaleEncyclopediaofAlternativeMedicine, ª2009Gale,CengageLearning ThirdEdition ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.Nopartofthisworkcoveredbythecopyrighthereinmaybe reproduced,transmitted,stored,orusedinanyformorbyanymeansgraphic, ProjectEditor:LaurieJ.Fundukian electronic,ormechanical,includingbutnotlimitedtophotocopying,recording, Editorial:DonnaBatten,AmyKwolek,Brigham scanning,digitizing,taping,Webdistribution,informationnetworks,orinformation Narins,JeffreyWilson storageandretrievalsystems,exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe1976 ProductManager:KateHanley UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher. EditorialSupportServices:AndreaLopeman IndexingServices:Factiva,aDowJonesCompany Forproductinformationandtechnologyassistance,contactusat RightsAcquisitionandManagement:RobynV. GaleCustomerSupport,18008774253. Young Forpermissiontousematerialfromthistextorproduct, submitallrequestsonlineatwww.cengage.com/permissions. Composition:EviAbouElSeoud,MaryBeth Furtherpermissionsquestionscanbeemailedto Trimper [email protected] Manufacturing:WendyBlurton,DorothyMaki Imaging:LezlieLight Whileeveryefforthasbeenmadetoensurethereliabilityoftheinformation ProductDesign:PamGalbreath presentedinthispublication,Gale,apartofCengageLearning,doesnotguaranteethe accuracyofthedatacontainedherein.Galeacceptsnopaymentforlisting;and inclusioninthepublicationofanyorganization,agency,institution,publication,service, orindividualdoesnotimplyendorsementoftheeditorsorpublisher.Errorsbroughtto theattentionofthepublisherandverifiedtothesatisfactionofthepublisherwillbe correctedinfutureeditions. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData TheGaleencyclopediaofalternativemedicine,3rded./editedbyLaurieJ.Fundukian, editor. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN9781414448725(set) ISBN9781414448732(vol.1) ISBN9781414448749(vol.2) ISBN9781414448756(vol.3) ISBN9781414448763(vol.4) 1.Alternativemedicine Encyclopedias.I.Fundukian,LaurieJ.II.Title:Encyclopedia ofalternativemedicine. [DNLM:1.ComplementaryTherapies Encyclopedias English.2.InternalMedicine Encyclopedias English.WB13G15082009] R733.G342009 615.5’03 dc22 2008016097 Gale 27500DrakeRd. FarmingtonHills,MI,483313535 ISBN13:9781414448725(set) ISBN10:1414448724(set) ISBN13:9781414448732(vol.1) ISBN10:1414448732(vol.1) ISBN13:9781414448749(vol.2) ISBN10:1414448740(vol.2) ISBN13:9781414448756(vol.3) ISBN10:1414448759(vol.3) ISBN13:9781414448763(vol.4) ISBN10:1414448767(vol.4) Thistitleisalsoavailableasanebook. ISBN13:9781414448770 ISBN10:1414448775 ContactyourGale,apartofCengageLearningsalesrepresentativeforordering information. Printed in China 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 12 11 10 09 08 CONTENTS List of Entries vii ............................................ Introduction xvii ............................................. Advisory Board xix ......................................... Contributors xxi ............................................. Entries 1 Organizations 2427 ......................................... Glossary 2443 ................................................. General Index 2517 ........................................ GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 3rd EDITION v LIST OF ENTRIES Anthroposophicalmedicine A B Anti-inflammatorydiet Antioxidants Abscess Bachfloweressences Anxiety Acidophilus Badbreath Apis Acne BalmofGilead Apitherapy Aconite Barberry Acupressure Applecidervinegar Barleygrass Acupuncture Appliedkinesiology Batesmethod Ademetionine Apricotseed Bayberry Adie’spupil Arginine Bedsores Africanpygeum Arka Bedwetting Agastache Arnica Beepollen Aging Aromatherapy Behavioraltherapy AIDS Arrowroot Behavioraloptometry Alcoholism Arsenicumalbum Belladonna Alexandertechnique Artichoke Beta-hydroxy Alfalfa Arttherapy Beta-methylbutyricacid Betacarotene Alisma Ashwaganda Betainehydrochloride Allergies Asthma Bhaktiyoga Alliumcepa Astigmatism Bilberry Aloe Aston-Patterning Bingeeatingdisorder Alpha-hydroxy Astragalus Biofeedback Alzheimer’sdisease Atherosclerosis Bioflavonoids Amenorrhea Athlete’sfoot Bioidenticalhormone Aminoacids Atkinsdiet therapy Andrographis Atractylodes(white) Biota Androstenedione Attention-deficithyperactivity Biotherapeuticdrainage Anemarrhena disorder Biotin Anemia Aucklandia Bipolardisorder Angelicaroot Auditoryintegrationtraining Birdflu Angina Auratherapy Bitesandstings Anise Auriculotherapy Bittermelon Ankylosingspondylitis Autism Bitters Anorexianervosa Ayurvedicmedicine Blackcohosh GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 3rd EDITION vii s Blackcurrantseedoil Calcareacarbonica Chlamydia e tri Blackhaw Calcium Chlorella n E Blackwalnut Calendula Cholesterol f o t Blackcuminseedextract Cancertreatments,biological Choline s Li Bladderinfection Cancer Chondroitin Bladdercancer Candidiasis ChristianSciencehealing Bladderwrack Cankersores Chromium Blessedthistle Chronicfatiguesyndrome Cantharis Blisters Chrysanthemumflower Carnitine Bloodpoisoning Chymotrypsin Carotenoids Bloodclots Cicada Carpaltunnelsyndrome Bloodroot Cinnamonbark Cartilagesupplements Bluecohosh Cirrhosis Castoroil Bodyodor Clubmoss Cat’sclaw Boils Cnidiumseeds Cataracts Bonespurs Codonopsisroot Catnip Bonemeal CoenzymeQ10 Caycesystems Boneset Coix Cayenne Borageoil Colchicum Celiacdisease Boron Coldsores Celltherapy Boswellia Coleus Cellsalttherapy Botanicalmedicine Colic Breastcancer Cellulite Colitis Breastfeedingproblems Cerebralvascularinsufficiency Colloidalsilver Breaththerapy Cerebralpalsy Colonicirrigation Breema Cervicaldysplasia Colortherapy Brewer’syeast Chakrabalancing Colorectalcancer Bromelain Chamomile Colostrum Bronchitis Charcoal,activated Coltsfoot Bruises Chasteberrytree Comfrey Bruxism Chelatedminerals Commoncold Bryonia Chelationtherapy Conjunctivitis Buchu Chelidonium Constipation Buckthorn Chemicalpoisoning Contactdermatitis Bugleweed Cherrybark Copper Bulimianervosa Chickenpox Coptis Bunions Chickweed Cordyceps Burdockroot Chicory Cornsandcalluses Burns Childbirth Cornsilk Bursitis Childhoodnutrition Cornus Butcher’sbroom Chills Corydalis Buteyko Chinesemassage Cottonrootbark Chinesesystemoffoodcures Cough Chinesethoroughwax Cradlecap C Chineseyam Crampbark Cadmiumpoisoning Chinesefoxgloveroot Cranberry Caffeine Chiropractic Craniosacraltherapy viii GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 3rd EDITION Creatine Echinacea Folicacid L is Crohn’sdisease Eczema Foodpoisoning t o f Croup Edema Foxglove E n Crystalhealing Elder Fractures tr ie Cupping Electroacupuncture Frenchgreenclay s Curanderismo Eliminationdiet Fritillaria Curcumin Emphysema Frostbiteandfrostnip Cuscuta Endometriosis Fructooligosaccharides Cutsandscratches Energymedicine Fungalinfections Cymatictherapy Environmentaltherapy Cyperus Enzymetherapy Ephedra G Epididymitis Gallstones D Epilepsy Gamma-linoleicacid Epimedium Damiana Gangrene Escharotictreatment Dancetherapy Ganoderma Essentialfattyacids Dandelion Garcinia Essentialoils Dandruff Gardenia Essiactea Deglycyrrhizanatedlicorice Garlic Eucalyptus Dementia Gas Eucommiabark Depression Gastritis Eupatorium Dermatitis Gastrodia Euphrasia Detoxification Gastroenteritis Eveningprimroseoil Devil’sclaw Gelsemium Evodiafruit DHEA Genitalherpes Exercise Diabetesmellitus Genitalwarts Eyebright Diamonddiet Gentiana Diaperrash Geriatricmassage Diarrhea Gersontherapy F Diathermy Ginger Diets Facialmassage Ginkgobiloba Digestiveenzymes Fasting Ginseng,Siberian Digitalis Fatigue Ginseng,American Diverticulitis Feldenkrais Ginseng,Korean Dizziness Fengshui Glaucoma Dolomite Fennel Glucosamine Dongquai Fenugreek Glutamine Drymouth Ferrumphosphoricum Glutathione Dysbiosis Fever Goldenrod Feverfew Goldenseal Dyslexia Fibrocysticbreastdisease Gonorrhea Dysmenorrhea Fibromyalgia Gotukola Fishoil Gout 5-HTP Grains-of-paradisefruit E Flaxseed Grapeskin Earinfection Flowerremedies Grapeseedextract Earache Foti Grapefruitseedextract GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 3rd EDITION ix
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