The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine PDF
Preview The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Gale The Encyclopedia of A lternative M edicine F O U R T H E D I T I O N GALE The ENCYCLOPEDIA of A LTERNATIVE M EDICINE FOURTH EDITION (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. GALE The ENCYCLOPEDIA of A LTERNATIVE M EDICINE FOURTH EDITION VOLUMES 1 2 3 4 A–C D–K L–R S–Z ORGANIZATIONS GLOSSARY INDEX LAURIE FUNDUKIAN, EDITOR (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. ª2014Gale,CengageLearning ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.Nopartofthisworkcoveredbythecopyrighthereinmay bereproduced,transmitted,stored,orusedinanyformorbyanymeansgraphic, WCN:02-200-210 electronic,ormechanical,includingbutnotlimitedtophotocopying,recording, GaleEncyclopediaofAlternativeMedicine, scanning,digitizing,taping,Webdistribution,informationnetworks,orinformation FourthEdition storageandretrievalsystems,exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe1976 UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher. ProjectEditor:LaurieFundukian Editorial:KristinKey,KristinMallegg, JosephPalmisano Forproductinformationandtechnologyassistance,contactusat GaleCustomerSupport,1-800-877-4253. ProductManager:ChristineSlovey Forpermissiontousematerialfromthistextorproduct, EditorialSupportServices:AndreaLopeman submitallrequestsonlineatwww.cengage.com/permissions. Furtherpermissionsquestionscanbeemailedto IndexingServices:HawkeyeIndexingand [email protected] EditingServices RightsAcquisitionandManagement: Whileeveryefforthasbeenmadetoensurethereliabilityoftheinformation SheilaSpencer presentedinthispublication,Gale,apartofCengageLearning,doesnotguaranteethe Composition:EviAbou-El-Seoud accuracyofthedatacontainedherein.Galeacceptsnopaymentforlisting;and Manufacturing:WendyBlurton inclusioninthepublicationofanyorganization,agency,institution,publication,service, Imaging:JohnWatkins orindividualdoesnotimplyendorsementoftheeditorsorpublisher.Errorsbroughtto theattentionofthepublisherandverifiedtothesatisfactionofthepublisherwillbe ProductDesign:KristineJulien correctedinfutureeditions. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData TheGaleencyclopediaofalternativemedicine/LaurieJ.Fundukian,editor.–Fourthedition. p.;cm. Encyclopediaofalternativemedicine Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Summary:"TheGaleEncyclopediaofAlternativeMedicinecoversallaspectsofthe subjectincludingtherapies,conditions/diseases,herbs/plants,andbiographiesofkey peopleinthefield.Throughmorethan800entriesandmorethan500photos,graphs, chartsandillustrations,thetitleidentifiesandexplainsnumeroustypesofalternative medicinebeingpracticedtoday,includingreflexology,acupressure,acupuncture,chelation therapy,kinesiology,yoga,chiropractic,Feldenkrais,juicetherapies,detoxification, naturopathy,Chinesemedicine,biofeedback,Ayurveda,osteopathy,andmassage therapy"–Providedbypublisher. ISBN-13:978-1-57302-730-4(set:hbk.:alk.paper) ISBN-10:1-57302-730-8 (set:hbk.:alk.paper)ISBN-13:978-1-57302-731-1(v.1:hbk.:alk.paper)ISBN-10:1-57302-731-6 (v.1:hbk.:alk.paper) [etc.] I.Fundukian,LaurieJ.,editorofcompilation.II.Title:Encyclopediaofalternativemedicine. [DNLM:1. ComplementaryTherapies–Encyclopedias–English.2. InternalMedicine– Encyclopedias–English. WB13] R733.G342014 615.5’03–dc23 2013045439 Gale 27500DrakeRd. FarmingtonHills,MI,48331-3535 978-1-57302-730-4(set) 978-1-57302-731-1(vol.1) 978-1-57302-732-8(vol.2) 978-1-57302-733-5(vol.3) 978-1-57302-734-2(vol.4) Thistitleisalsoavailableasane-book. ISBN-13:978-1-57302-735-9 ContactyourGale,apartofCengageLearningsalesrepresentativeforordering information. Printed in China 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 18 17 16 15 14 (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. CONTENTS Alphabetical List of Entries vii ....................... Introduction xvii ............................................. Advisory Board xix ......................................... Contributors xxi ............................................. Entries Volume1:A–C...........................................1 Volume2:D–K........................................713 Volume3:L–R......................................1397 Volume4:S–Z ......................................2111 Organizations 2623 ......................................... Glossary 2639 ................................................. General Index 2719 ........................................ GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 4TH EDITION v (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ENTRIES Ankylosingspondylitis Autism A Anorexianervosa Avemar 5-HTP Anthroposophicalmedicine Ayurvedicmedicine Abscess Anti-agingdiet Ac¸aı´ berry Anti-inflammatorydiets Acidophilus Antioxidants B Acne Anxiety Bachfloweressences Aconite Apis BalmofGilead Acudetox Apitherapy Barberry Acupressure Applecidervinegar Barleygrass Acupuncture Appliedkinesiology Batesmethod Ademetionine Apricotseed Bayberry Adie’spupil Arginine Bedsores Africanpygeum Arka Bedwetting Agastache Arnica Beepollen Aging Aromatherapy Beetroot AIDS Arrowroot Behavioraloptometry Alcoholism Arsenicumalbum Behavioraltherapy Alexandertechnique Arttherapy Belladonna Alfalfa Artichoke Betacarotene Alisma Ashwaganda Beta-hydroxy Allergies Asthma Betainehydrochloride Alliumcepa Astigmatism Beta-methylbutyricacid Aloe Aston-Patterning Bhaktiyoga Alpha-hydroxy Astragalus Bilberry Alzheimer’sdisease Atherosclerosis Bingeeatingdisorder Amenorrhea Athlete’sfoot Aminoacids Atkinsdiet Biofeedback Andrographis Atractylodes Bioflavonoids Androstenedione Attention-deficithyperactivity Bioidenticalhormonetherapy Anemarrhena disorder Biota Anemia Aucklandia Biotherapeuticdrainage Angelicaroot Auditoryintegrationtraining Biotin Angina Auratherapy Bipolardisorder Anise Auriculotherapy Bitesandstings GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 4TH EDITION vii (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. s Bittermelon Childhoodnutrition e tri Bitters C Chills n fE Blackcohosh Cadmiumpoisoning Chinesefoxgloveroot o st Blackcuminseedextract Caffeine Chinesemassage alLi Blackcurrantseedoil Calcareacarbonica Chinesesystemoffoodcures tic Blackhaw Calcium Chinesethoroughwax e b Blackwalnut Calendula Chineseyam a ph Bladdercancer Cancer Chiropractic Al Bladderinfection Cancertreatments,biological Chlamydia Bladderwrack Cancer-fightingfoods Chlorella Blessedthistle Cankersores Cholesterol Blisters Cannabinoids Choline Bloodclots Cantharis Chondroitin Bloodpoisoning Capsicum ChristianSciencehealing Bloodroot Carnitine Chromium Bluecohosh Carotenoids Chronicfatiguesyndrome Bodyodor Carpaltunnelsyndrome Chronobiology Boils Cartilagesupplements Chrysanthemumflower Castoroil Chymotrypsin Bonespurs Cataracts Cicada Bonemeal Catnip Cinnamonbark Boneset Cat’sclaw Cirrhosis Borageoil Caycesystems Clubmoss Boron Cayenne Cnidiumseeds Boswellia Celiacdisease Codonopsisroot Botanicalmedicine Cellsalttherapy CoenzymeQ10 Breastcancer Celltherapy Coix Breastfeedingproblems Cellulite Colchicum Breaththerapy Cerebralpalsy Coldsores Breema Cerebralvascular Coleus Brewer’syeast insufficiency Coley’stoxin Bromelain Cervicaldysplasia Colic Bronchitis Chakrabalancing Colitis Bruises Chamomile Colloidalsilver Bruxism Charcoal,activated Colonicirrigation Bryonia Chasteberrytree Colortherapy Buchu Chelatedminerals Colorectalcancer Buckthorn Chelationtherapy Colostrum Bugleweed Chelidonium Coltsfoot Bulimianervosa Chemicalpoisoning Comfrey Bunions Cherrybark Commoncold Burdockroot Cherryjuice Complementary/alternative Burns Chickenpox medicineandsurgery Bursitis Chickweed Conjunctivitis Butcher’sbroom Chicory Constipation Buteyko Childbirth Contactdermatitis viii GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 4TH EDITION (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Copper Digitalis A F lp Coptis Diverticulitis h a Cordyceps Dizziness Facialmassage be t Cornsandcalluses Docosahexaenoic acid Fasting ica Cornsilk (DHA) Fatigue lL is Cornus Dolomite Feldenkrais to Corydalis Dongquai Fengshui fE n Cottonrootbark Drymouth Fennel trie Cough Dysbiosis Fenugreek s Cradlecap Dyslexia Ferrumphosphoricum Crampbark Dysmenorrhea Fever Cranberry Feverfew Craniosacraltherapy Fibrocysticbreastdisease Creatine E Fibromyalgia Crohn’sdisease Fishoil Earinfection Croup Flaxseed Crystalhealing Earache Flowerremedies Cupping EatRightforYourTypeDiet Foti Curanderismo Echinacea Folicacid Curcumin Eczema Foodpoisoning Cuscuta Edema Fractures Cutsandscratches Elder Frenchgreenclay Cymatictherapy Electroacupuncture Fritillaria Cyperus Eliminationdiet Frostbiteandfrostnip Emphysema Fructooligosaccharides Endometriosis Fungalinfections D Energymedicine Damiana Environmentaltherapy Dancetherapy Enzymetherapy G Dandelion Ephedra Gallstones Dandruff Epididymitis Gamma-linoleicacid Deglycyrrhizanatedlicorice Epilepsy Gangrene Dementia Epimedium Ganoderma Depression Escharotictreatment Garcinia Dermatitis Essentialfattyacids Detoxification Gardenia Essentialoils Devil’sclaw Garlic Essiactea DHEA Gas Eucalyptus Diabetesmellitus Gastritis Eucommiabark Diamonddiet Gastrodia Diaperrash Eupatorium Gastroenteritis Diarrhea Euphrasia Gelsemium Diathermy Eveningprimroseoil Genitalherpes Dietanddiseaseprevention Evodiafruit Genitalwarts Diets Exercise Gentiana Digestiveenzymes Eyebright Geriatricmassage GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 4TH EDITION ix (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. s Gersontherapy Heparsulphuris e tri Ginger Hepatitis I n fE Ginkgobiloba Herbalcoldremedies Icelandmoss o st Ginseng,American Herbalism,traditionalChinese Ignatia Li Ginseng,Korean al Herbalism,Western Immuno-augmentationtherapy c Ginseng,Siberian ti Herniateddisk Impetigo e ab Glaucoma Hesperidin Impotence h Glucosamine Alp Glutamine Hiatalhernia Indigestion Infantmassage Hibiscus Glutathione Infections Hiccups Gluten-freediet Infertility HighsensitivityCreactive Glycemicindexdiets proteintest Inflammatoryboweldisease Goldenrod Influenza High-fiberdiet Goldenseal Ingrownnail Hirudomedicinalis Gonorrhea Inositol Hives Gotukola Insomnia Hodgkin’sdisease Gout Insulinresistance Grains-of-paradisefruit Holisticdentistry Interstitialcystitis Grapeseedextract Holisticmedicine Iodine Grapeskin Homeopathy Ipecac Grapefruitseedextract Homeopathy,acuteprescribing Ipriflavone Greentea Homeopathy,constitutional Iridology Guggul prescribing Iron Guidedimagery Honeysuckle Irritablebowelsyndrome GulfWarsyndrome Hoodia Ischemia Gumdisease Hops Itching Gymnema Horehound Horsechestnut Horsetail J H Horticulturaltherapy Jamaicadogwood Hairloss Hotflashes Jaundice Halitosis Hoxseyformula Jetlag Hangover Humortherapy Jockitch Hashimoto’sthyroiditis Huna Jojobaoil Hathayoga Hydrotherapy Journaltherapy Hawthorn Hypercortisolemia Juicefasts Hayfever Hyperopia Juicetherapies Headache Hyperparathyroidism Juniper Hearingloss Hypertension Juvenilerheumatoidarthritis Heartattack Hyperthermia Heartdisease Hyperthyroidism Heartburn K Heavymetalpoisoning Hypnotherapy Heelspurs Hypoglycemia Kalibichromicum Hellerwork Hypothyroidism Kampomedicine Hemorrhoids Hyssop Kaposi’ssarcoma x GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 4TH EDITION (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Kavakava Lycopus Mindfulness-basedstress A Kegelexercises Lymedisease reduction lph a Kelley-Gonzalezdiet Lymphaticdrainage Mistletoe b e t Kelp Lysimachia Modifiedcitruspectin ic a Kidneyinfections Lysine Mononucleosis lL Kidneystones Morningsickness ist o Kirlianphotography Motherwort f E n Kneepain M Motionsickness t r Kneippwellness Movementtherapy ies Macrobioticdiet Kolanut Moxibustion Maculardegeneration Kombucha MSM Magnesium Kudzu Mugwortleaf Magnetictherapy Mullein Magnolia Multiplechemicalsensitivity Maitake L Multiplesclerosis Malaria Mumps Labyrinthwalking Malignantlymphoma Musclespasmsandcramps Lachesis Manganese Musictherapy Lactobacillusspecies Mangosteen Myopia Lacto-ovovegetarianism Manukahoney Myotherapy Lactoseintolerance Marijuana Myrrh Laryngitis Marshmallow Lavender Martialarts Lazyeye Massagetherapy N Leadpoisoning McDougalldiet Learningdisorders Narcolepsy Measles Lecithin NativeAmericanmedicine Meditation Ledum Natrummuriaticum Mediterraneandiet Lemonbalm Naturalhormonereplacement Medium-chaintriglycerides Lemongrass therapy Melatonin Leukemia Naturalhygienediet Memoryloss Liceinfestation Naturopathicmedicine Me´nie`re’sdisease Licorice Nausea Meningitis Lighttherapy Neckpain Linoleicacid Menopause Neem Lipase Menstruation Nettle Livingston-Wheelertherapy Mercuriusvivus Neuraltherapy Lobelia Mercurypoisoning Neuralgia Lomatium Mesoglycan Neurolinguisticprogramming Lomilomi Metabolictherapies Niacin LouGehrig’sdisease Metamorphictechnique Nightblindness Lowbackpain Methionine Noni Lungcancer Mexicanyam Nosebleeds Lutein Microbiome Notoginsengroot Lyciumfruit Migraineheadache Nutmeg Lycopene Milkthistle Nutrition Lycopodium Mind/bodymedicine Nuxvomica GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 4TH EDITION xi (c) 2014 Cengage Learning. 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