The Founding of Modern States PDF
Preview The Founding of Modern States
The Founding of Modern States The Founding of Modern States is a bold comparative work that examines the rise of the modern state through six case studies of state formation. The book opens with an analysis of three foundings that gave rise to democratic states in Britain, the United States, and France andconcludeswithanevaluationofthreeformationsthatbirthednon- democratic states in the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany, and the Islamic RepublicofIran.Throughacomparativeanalysisofthesegovernments, thebookarguesthatnewstateformationsaredefinedbyametaphysical conception of a “will of the people” through which the new state is ritually granted sovereignty. The book stresses the paradoxical nature of modern foundings, characterized by “mythological imaginations,” andthesymbolicactsandritualsuponwhichastateisenabledtosecure political and social order. An extensive study of some of the most important events in modern history, this book offers readers novel interpretations that will disrupt common narratives about modern statesandthestateofourmodernworld. richard franklin bensel is the Gary S. Davis Professor of Government at Cornell University. He is the author of Yankee Leviathan: The Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859–1877 (1991), The American Ballot Box in the Mid-Nineteenth Century(2004),ThePoliticalEconomyofAmericanIndustrialization, 1877–1900 (2000; J. David Greenstone Prize, 2002), Passion and Preferences: William Jennings Bryan and the 1896 Democratic Convention (2008), and Sectionalism and American Political Development,1880–1980(1984). Published online by Cambridge University Press Published online by Cambridge University Press The Founding of Modern States RICHARD FRANKLIN BENSEL CornellUniversity Published online by Cambridge University Press ShaftesburyRoad,Cambridgecb28ea,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,ny10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,vic3207,Australia 314–321,3rdFloor,Plot3,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre,NewDelhi–110025,India 103PenangRoad,#05–06/07,VisioncrestCommercial,Singapore238467 CambridgeUniversityPressispartofCambridgeUniversityPress&Assessment, adepartmentoftheUniversityofCambridge. WesharetheUniversity’smissiontocontributetosocietythroughthepursuitof education,learningandresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781009247207 doi:10.1017/9781009247245 ©RichardFranklinBensel2022 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisions ofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofanypartmaytake placewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress&Assessment. Firstpublished2022 AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData names:Bensel,RichardFranklin,1949–author. title:Thefoundingofmodernstates/RichardFranklinBensel. description:Cambridge;NewYork,NY:CambridgeUniversityPress,2022.|Includes bibliographicalreferencesandindex. identifiers:lccn2022031225(print)|lccn2022031226(ebook)| isbn9781009247207(hardback)|isbn9781009247214(paperback)| isbn9781009247245(epub) subjects:lcsh:State,The–Casestudies.|Constitutionalhistory.|Dictatorship.|Worldpolitics.| BISAC:POLITICALSCIENCE/General classification:lccjc11.b462022(print)|lccjc11(ebook)|ddc320.1–dc23/eng/ 20220816 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2022031225 LCebookrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2022031226 isbn978-1-009-24720-7Hardback isbn978-1-009-24721-4Paperback CambridgeUniversityPress&Assessmenthasnoresponsibilityforthepersistence oraccuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhis publicationanddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwill remain,accurateorappropriate. Published online by Cambridge University Press To Eliza and Seth Published online by Cambridge University Press Published online by Cambridge University Press Contents Listof Tables page ix Listof Boxes xi Preface xiii 1 Introduction 1 part i the founding of democratic states 15 2 “TheRightsof Englishmen” and the EnglishConstitution 23 3 TheWillof the People and the American Founding 84 SectionI: FromtheRightsofEnglishmentotheDeclaration ofIndependence 84 SectionII: FromtheDeclarationofIndependencetotheConstitution 146 4 TheDeclaration of the Rights of Man and of theCitizen: TheFrench Revolution 199 SectionI: FromtheEstates-GeneraltotheExecutionoftheKing 199 SectionII: FromtheFalloftheGirondinstoNapoleon 263 part ii the founding of non-democratic states 329 5 TheDictatorshipof the Proletariat: The Russian Revolution 335 6 Blood and Soil:The Foundingof the ThirdReich 359 7 Islamic Theocracy:TheIranian Revolution 420 8 Conclusion 474 Index 493 vii Published online by Cambridge University Press Published online by Cambridge University Press Tables 4.1 Themonarchy,the nation, and thepeopleas competing sources ofpolitical legitimacy page205 4.2 Thenames of thevarious manifestations of the national legislature 221 4.3 Thefates of prominent revolutionariesbetween May 5,1789 and November 10,1799 290 4.4 Popular protest andviolence in Paris and Versailles during therevolution 310 5.1 Leading party organizations during the Russian Revolution: theirsocialbaseandattitudetowardthefoundingofanewstate 340 5.2 Party strength in theAll-Russian Congress ofSoviets and Constituent Assembly 348 5.3 Legislative assembliesattending the foundingof the Soviet state 356 6.1 Characteristics of themajor political parties inthe Weimar Republic 370 6.2 Composition of governments and cabinets under theWeimar Republic (1923–33) 373 6.3 Percentage ofthe vote cast forthe major political partiesin Reichstag elections (1924–33) 388 6.4 Socioeconomic class and supportfor the Nazi Party 390 7.1 Characteristics of thefounding ofthe Soviet Union,the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the Third Reich 466 7.2 Theconstituting eventin the founding of the Soviet Union, theIslamic Republic, and the ThirdReich 472 8.1 Comparison of the sixfoundings 476 ix Published online by Cambridge University Press
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