The fishes of Champaign County, Illinois : during a century of alterations of a prairie ecosystem PDF
Preview The fishes of Champaign County, Illinois : during a century of alterations of a prairie ecosystem
UNIVERSITY OF N0 S UBR AT ntL ' ARY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/fishesofchampaig35lari 7P, ^> 'vr/x "S ILLINOIS / ** ' NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY The Fishes of Champaign County, Illinois, During a Century ofAlterations of a Prairie Ecosystem R. Weldon Larimore and Peter B. Bayley Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Volume 35, Article 2 October 1996 IllinoisNatural History Survey,LorinI. Nevling,Chief ADivisionoftheIllinoisDepartmentofNaturalResources AcatalogofthepublicationsoftheIllinoisNaturalHistorySurveyisavailable withoutchargefromtheaddressbelow. Apricelistandanorderblankare includedwiththecatalog. IllinoisNaturalHistorySurvey DistributionCenter NaturalResourcesBuilding 607EastPeabodyDrive ChampaignrIllinois61820 Citation: Larimore,R.W.,andP.B.Bayley. 1996.ThefishesofChampaign County,Illinois,duringacenturyofalterationsofaprairieecosystem. Illinois NaturalHistorySurveyBulletin35(2):53-183.. Editors:ThomasE.RiceandCharlesWarwick Photocredits: PhotosbyR.W. Larimoreexceptthepictureoftheswaleatthe topofpage56takenbyMichaelJeffords,,thecowsinthecreekonpage 103 by KevinCummings,andthestreamsceneatthetoprightofpage 105byCarolyn Nixon. MajorfundingforthismanuscriptwasprovidedbytheNationalBiological Service. . US ISSN0073-4918 PrintedbyAuthorityoftheStateofIllinois (RR77103GR-3M-10-96) ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY The Fishes of Champaign County, Illinois, During a Century of Alterations of a Prairie Ecosystem R. Weldon Larimore and *Peter B. Bayley Center for Aquatic Ecology Illinois Natural History Survey * Currently at Department ofFisheries andWildlife, Oregon State University Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Volume 35, Article 2 October 1996 Dedicated to Lewis L. Osborne friend, colleague, and visionary scientist who died suddenly soon after guiding to completion the project report upon which this Bulletin is based. He was directly responsible for the land-use and habitat analyses. Contents Acknowledgments iv Introduction 53 Description ofthe County 53 The Grand Prairie 53 Weather 54 Stream Drainages andCourses 54 General Stream Habitats 55 DevelopmentofAgriculture 58 Draining and Dredging 60 Population, Urban, and Industrial Developments 60 Fishes Collected Duringthe FourSurveys 62 Methods 62 Presence/absence 63 Species Richness 68 Fish Assemblages 68 Comparisons Between 1959 andThis Study 73 Land Useand Stream Habitats 77 Methods 77 County-wide Changes 78 Changes Within Riparian BufferStrips 82 Summary ofLand-use Changes 82 Physio-chemical Habitat 82 HabitatAssessment 82 Results 85 Conclusions 85 Fish Community-Environmental Parameter Relationship 91 Methods 91 Station Groupings 91 Environmental DiscriminantFunctions 92 Implications forWatershed Management 94 Fish Distributions as Affected by Pollution 96 Areas ofChronic Pollution 96 Review ofEnvironmental Influences 1 1 Influences and Status 101 Conclusions ofEnvironmental Influences 104 Summary 106 Literature Cited 107 Addendum 110 Appendix 1 - Annotated List ofFishes 112 Appendix2 - Species Distribution Maps forAll FourSurveys 124 Acknowledgments Many individuals contributedto the comple- tion ofthis project, from its inception to the production ofthe final reportthat was prepared by Lewis Osborne, PeterBayley, David Dowling, R. Weldon Larimore, Carolyn Nixon, James Peterson, Diane Szafoni, and DanaDowling. This projectreportwas submittedto the Illinois Departmentof Conservation forResearch ProjectF-76-R, conducted with funding fromtheFederal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act. Forthebulletin presentedhere, weretainedfromthe project reportthe land-use andhabitatanalysisfor which we are deeply indebtedtothe late Lewis L. Osborne. Thanks are extendedto David Dowling andJames Peterson forleading a well-disciplinedfield sampling teamthat provided the coreofrecentfish information presentedhere; Stephen Sobaski forcomputer consultation; Michael Morris and Lawrence Page fortaxonomic assistance; Diane Szafoni, Carolyn Nixon, and Katherine Hunterfor preparation ofdistribution maps; Katherine Darrand Deanne Krumwiede fortyping the final manuscript; CharlesWarwickand Thomas Rice forediting; James Smith and Phillip Fiscellafor angling observations; David Philipp andLawrence Page forreview- ing the manuscript; two anonymous reviewers; and the many colleagues whoparticipated in some portion ofdatacollection during this study. We acknowledge the use ofseveralfigures and descriptive textfrom the previous INHS Bulletin, Volume 28, Article 2, 1963, by Larimore and Smith.
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