The first stage zoea of Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, 1852) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae)

8 Pages·1998·2.3 MB·English

by  Bella S Galil

The first stage zoea of Pseudoliomera speciosa
(Dana, 1852) (Crustacea, Decapoda,
Brachyura, Xanthidae)
Paul F. CLARK
Department of Zoology, The Natural History Muséum,
Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD (U.K.)
[email protected]
Bella S. GALIL
National Institute of Oceanography, Israël Océanographie and Limnological Research,
POB 8030, Haifa 31080 (Israël)
[email protected]
Clark P. F. & Galil B. S. 1998. — The first stage zoea of Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana,
KEYWORDS 1852) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura. Xanthidae). Zoosystema 20 (2) : 193-200.
Crustacea,
ABSTRACT
Decapoda,
Brachyura, The first zoeal stage of Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, 1852) is described,
Xanthidae, iliustrated and compared with knovvn first stage zoeas of the Xanthidae
Actaeinae,
MacLeay, 1838 subfamily Actaeinae Alcock, 1898. No first stage zoeal cha-
first stage zoea,
Pseudoliomera speciosa. racter or combination of characters defining the Actaeinae was found.
RÉSUMÉ
Le premier stade zoé de Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, 1852) (Crustacea,
MOTS CLÉS
Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae). Le premier stade zoé de Pseudoliomera spe¬
Crustacea,
Decapoda, ciosa est décrit, illustré et comparé avec les premiers stades zoés des Xanthidae
Xanthidae, MacLeay, 1838 de la sous-famille Actaeinae Alcock, 1898. Il n'a été trouvé
Actaeinae,
aucun caractère ou combinaison de caractères du premier stade zoé qui puisse
premier stade zoé,
Pseudoliomera speciosa. définir les Actaeinae.
ZOOSYSTEMA • 1998 • 20(2) 193
Clark P. F. & Galil B. S.
INTRODUCTION Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, 1852)
(Figs 1-4)
Of the fourteen généra assigned by Serène (1984: Description
20) to the Xanthidae MacLeay, 1838 subfamily Zoea 1
Actaeinae Alcock. 1898, the fïrst zoea is descri- Carapace (Fig. IA. E, F): dorsal spine curved
bed for four Recently an ovigerous crab of a fifth with rnany small xpines, longer than rostral
actaeine genus Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, spine; rostral spine shorter than dorsal spine,
1852) was collected from Mauritius and the first fcacrionally longer than antennal protopod,
stage zoeas were hatched in the laborarory. The arraed with spines; latéral spines présent and
purpose of this study is to compare the chaeto- armed with spines on dorsal margin; one pair of
taxy of P. speciosa with known Actaeinae first posterodorsal setae; ventral margin without setae;
stage zoeas. anterodorsal surface of carapace sparsely covered
with small spines; eyes sessile.
Antennule (Fig. IB): uniramous, endopod
absent; exopod unsegmented with tour terminal
MATERIALS AND METHODS aesthetascs (two broad and long, two shorter and
slender) plus one small terminal sera.
Antenna (Fig. IC, D): protopod distally spinu-
The ovigerous Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, late, fractionallv shorter in length than rostral
1852) was collected by SCUBA diving from spine; endopod reduced to a small spine; exopod
Albion Rocks, Baie de la Petite Rivière, off rudiment,try, unsegmented, with one long sub-
Victory Road, Petite Rivière, Albion, Mauritius, terminal and two terminal setae unequal in
ca. 20° 12,5*5 - 57U23-5’E, 3-7 m, 15 May 1995. length.
The female was held in the Mauritius Fisheries Mandible; palp absent.
Research Centre Laboratory at about 25 UC unril Maxillule (Fig. 2A): coxal endite with seven
the eggs hatched on vighteenth to nineteenth setae; basial endite with five terminal s'etal pro-
May 1995- The first stage zoeas were preserved cesses and two small teerh; endopod 2-segmen-
in alcohol and the spent fernale, together with ted, proximal segment with one seta; distal
the remaining undissected zoeas, were deposited segment with six (2 subterminal + 4 terminal)
in The Natural HLstorv Muséum, London under setae; exopod seta absent.
the registration ntimbcc 1997-1 - Maxilla (Fig. 2B): coxal endite bilobed with 4 * 4
The first stage zoeas were not stained and dissec- setae; basial endite bilobed with 5 + 4 setae; endo¬
ted appendages were mounted in Polyvinyl lacto- pod bilobed with 3+5 (2 subterminal t 3 termi¬
phenol using a WILD M5 binocular microscope nal) setae; exopod (scaphognathite) margin with
with a supplementary lens (x 2). Lite cover slips four setae and one long distal stout proccss.
of the si ides were sealed with clear Sally Hansen First maxillipcd (Fig. 3A): coxa without setae;
nail varnish and the appendages were drawn basis with ten setae arranged 2, 2, 3, 3; endopod
using an OLYMPUS BH-2 microscope equipped 5-segmented with 3, 2, 1, 2, 5 (1 subterminal +
with Nomarski interférence contrast and atta- 4 terminal) setae respectivcly; exopod 2-segmen-
ched caméra tucida, Five replicates of each appen- ted. distal segment with four long terminal plu¬
dage were dissected to complété setal mose natatory setae.
observations. The long plumose natatory setae of Second maxillipcd (Fig. 3BL coxa without setae;
the first and second maxillipcd are drawn trunca- basis with tour serae; endopod 3-segmenred,
ted. The sequence ol the zoeal description is with 1, 1, 6 (3 subterminal + 3 terminal) setae
based on the malacostracan somite plan and des- respectivcly; exopod 2-segmented, distal segment
cribed from atiterior to posterior. Setal armature with four long terminal plumose natatory serae.
on appendages is dcscribcd from proximal to dis¬ Third maxilliped: absent.
tal segments and in order of endopod to exopod. Pereiopods: absent.
194 ZOOSYSTEMA • 1998 • 20(2)

First zoea of Pseudoliomera speciosa
Abdomen (Fig. 4A, B): five somitcs; somite 2 define the Xanthidae MacLeay, 1838 and the
vvith a pair of dorsolateral processes directed zoea I ol Pseudoliomera speciosa described in this
anteriorly; somice 3 with a pair of dorsolateral study is fully in accord with this définition. The
processes directed ventrally; somites 1-2 with first stage zoea of Pseudoliomera speciosa exhibits a
rounded postérolatéral processes and somites 3-5 distinctive spinulation of the anterodorsal cara¬
with short postérolatéral spinous processes; so¬ pace surface that séparâtes it from known
mite 1 without setae; somites 2-5 with one pair Actaeinae zoea I larvae.
oi posterodorsal setae; pleopod buds absent. Clark & Ng (1998) suggest that the carapace
Telson (Figs 2C, 4A, B): each telson fork long, spine armature, the antenna and spinulation of
gradually curved distally; one long and one sig- the telson forks may provide distinguishing cha¬
ntoid latéral spine; dorsal médial spine présent; racters for xanthid taxa below the Family levcl, at
posterior margin with three pairs of stout spinu- the first zoea stage. These characters were exami¬
late setae. ne cl in the first stage zoeas of Actaea semblatae
Guinot. 1976 [as Actaea sa aigri yi (H. Milne
Edwards, 1834)] by Terada (1987); Novactaed
DISCUSSION pulchdla (A. Milne-Edwards, 1865) by Terada
(1990); Gaillardiellus orientalis (Odhner, 1925)
Clark & Ng (1998, table 1) tabulated first stage by Ng & Clark (1994); Actaeodes hirsutissimus
zoeal characters that, used in combination, might (Riippell, 1830) and A. tomentosus (H. Milne
Fig. 3. — Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, 1852): zoea I. A, first maxilliped; B, second maxilliped. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
ZOOSYSTEMA • 1998 • 20(2) 197

First zoea of Pseudoliomera speciosa
Edwards, 1834) both by Clark & Al-Aidaroos smooth protopod without a swollen tip, the
(1996)] and Irom Pseudoliomera speciosa descri- endopod is présent and the exopod is redueed to
bed in the présent study in order to establish a single seta.
subfamilial characters diagnostic oJ first stage
Acraeinae zoea. Al! these lirst stage zoeas Spinulation of te/son forks
conform with the Xanthidae characters listed by Ail the telson lork spines of P speciosa are promi¬
Clark & Ng (1998, table 1). nent, with the distal larcral spine sigmoid in
shape (this study, Fig. 2C). The proximal latéral
Carapace spine armature and the dorsal telson spines of Actaeodes tomento-
The carapace spines of Pseudoliomera speciosa sus are prominent with a slightly smaller distal
(this study, Fig. IA, E, F) are spinulate, the dor¬ latéral spine (Clark & Al-Aidaroos 1996,
sal has numerous minute spines, the rostral has a fig. 3E) By comparison, the telson armature of
nuraber of well-developed spines distally and the A. hirsutissimus (Clark & Al-Aidaroos 1996,
latéral are spinulate on the dorsal niargin. In fig. 3D) and N. pulcbella (Terada 1990, fig. 3FI1)
comparison only the rostral spine of Actaeodes is similar except that the distal latéral spine is
tomcntosus and A. hirsutissimus ftrst stage zoeas, considerabiy redueed, The telson armature ot
as dcscribed by Clark & Al-Aidaroos (1996, G. orientalis (Ng & Clark 1994, fig. 2C) and
fig. 1A-C), is spinulate, and the dorsal and latéral Actaea semblatae (Terada 1987, fig. HI, II) com¬
spines are smooth. The dorsal and rostral spines prises setae, not spines as described for the other
of Novactea pulcbella appcar proportionately lon¬ species.
ger (Terada 1990, fig. 5Al ) when comparcd with Front the extsting descriptions ofknown actaeine
Actaeodes, and the rostral spine is smooth. The first stage zoeas and this study, no single charac-
carapace spines ol Gaillardielltb orientalis (Ng & ter or suite of characters appears to define the
Clark 1994, fig. IA) are naked but distinctive Aetaeinae.
with rounded swollen tips on the dorsal and laté¬
ral spines. Ail the carapace spines of Actuea sem¬ Acknowledgements
blatae, as described by Terada (1987, fig. Il, We wisb Alain Crosnier a happy rerirement and
Al), are devoid of spinulation and hâve pointed
thank him for his support. This study could not
tips. hâve been undertaken without the help of the
Fishery Officers at the Albion Fisheries Research
Antenna Centré, Ministry of Fisheries and Marine
The antenna of P. speciosa (see rhis study Resources, Petite Rivière, Albion, Mauritius and
Fig. 1D) is idenrical to that ol Actaeodes tomento- the logistical support provided by the
sus (Clark & Al-Aidaroos 1996, fig. IF, G) and is Smithsonian Institution.
differentiatcd Irom A. hirsutissimus (Clark & Al-
Aidaroos 1996, fig. 1E, H) by the exopod seta-
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