The Fall of the Roman Republic IN THE SAME SERIES General Editors: Eric]. Evans and RD. King Lynn Abram Bismarck and the German Empire 1871-1918 David Arnold The Age of Discovery 1400-1600 A. L. Beier The Problem of the Poor in Tudor and Early Stuart England Martin Blinkhorn Democracy and Civil War in Spain 1931-1939 Martin Blinkhorn Mussolini and Fascist Italy Robert M. Bliss Restoration England 1660-l 688 Stephen Constantine Lloyd George Stephen Constantine Social Conditions in Britain 1918-l 939 Susan Doran Elizabeth I and Religion 1558-1603 Christopher Durston Charles I Christopher Durston James I Eric J. Evans The Great Reform Act of 1832 Eric J. Evans Political Parties in Britain 1783-l 867 Eric J. Evans Sir Robert Peel Dick Geary Hitler and Nazism John Goocb The Unification of Italy Alexander Grant Henry VII M.]. Heale The American Revolution Ruth Henig The Origins of the First World War Ruth Henig The Origins of the Second World War 1933-1939 Ruth Henig Versailles and After 1919-l 933 P.D. King Charlemagne Stephen J. Lee Peter the Great Stephen J. Lee The Thirty Years War J.M. MacKenzie The Partition of Africa 1880-1900 ]obn W. Mason The Cold War 19451991 Michael Mullett Calvin Michael Mullett The Counter-Reformation Michael Mullett James II and English Politics 1678-1688 Michael Mullett Luther David Newcombe Henry VIII and the English Reformation Robert Pearce Attlee’s Labour Governments 1945-51 Gordon Phillips The Rise of the Labour Party 1893-1931 John Plowright Regency England Hans A. Poblsander The Emperor Constantine J.H. Sbennan France Before the Revolution J.H. Sbennan International Relations in Europe 1689-1789 J.H. Sbennan Louis XIV Margaret Sbennan The Rise of Brandenburg-Prussia David Sbotter Augustus Caesar David Sbotter Nero David Sbotter Tiberius Caesar Richard Stoneman Alexander the Great Keith J. Stringer The Reign of Stephen ]obn Tborley Athenian Democracy John K. Walton Disraeli ]obn K. Walton The Second Reform Act Michael J. Winstanley Gladstone and the Liberal Party Michael J. Winstanley Ireland and the Land Question 1800-1922 Alan Wood The Origins of the Russian Revolution 1861-1917 Alan Wood Stalin and Stalinism Aus tin Woolrycb England Without a King 1649-1660 iv LANCASTER PAMPHLETS The Fall of the Roman Republic David Shotter London and New York First publisbed 1994 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York,NY10001 © 1994David Shotter All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Shotter, D.C.A. (David Colin Arthur) The fall of the Roman Republic/David Shotter. p. cm. —(Lancaster pamphlets) Includes bibliographical references. 1. Rome—History—Republic, 265–30 B.C. I. Title. II. Series. DG254.S45 1994 937’.02—dc20 93–44851 ISBN 0-203-97726-2 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-415-10292-8 (Print Edition) Contents List of figures ix Foreword x Acknowledgements xi Introduction: The republic 1 1 The government of the republic 3 2 The growth of empire 9 3 Factionalism in Roman politics: The Gracchus 17 brothers 4 Marius, the army and the Italian allies 29 5 Sulla and the senate 37 6 The domination of Pompey 49 7 The first triumvirate and the slide to civil war 63 8 Caesar’s dictatorship 77 9 The final act: Antonius, Octavian and Lepidus 87 Epilogue 95 Appendices I Roman voting assemblies 99 II Magistracies of the Roman republic 101 III The provinces of the Roman empire 105 viii IV List of principal dates 107 Further reading 111 Figures 1 Legislation in Rome after 287 BC 7 2 Stemma showing the links between the Scipiones, Claudii 21 and Sempronii Gracchi 3 The Roman empire in AD 14 39
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