The External Relations of the European Community: The International Response to 1992

198 Pages·1992·20.694 MB·English

by  John Redmond (eds.)

THE EXTERNAL RELATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN
COMMUNITY
Also by John Redmond
THE EEC AND THE UK ECONOMY
The External Relations
of the European
Community
The International Response to 1992
Edited by
John Redmond
Director
Graduate School of International Studies
University of Birmingham
* Selection, editorial matter, chapters 1, 8, 10 ©john Redmond 1992
Chapters 2-7, 9 ©The Macmillan Press Ltd 1992
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1992
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ISBN 978-1-349-22209-4 ISBN 978-1-349-22207-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-22207-0
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Contents
List of Tables and Figures vii
Preface viii
List ofA bbreviations ix
List of Contributors xi
1 Introduction
2 Japan's Reaction to the Single Internal Market 12
Ali El-Agraa
3 The United States and 1992: Responses to a Changing
European Community 31
Michael Smith
4 The European Free Trade Association: Revival
or Collapse? 55
Rene Schwok
5 The European Community's Relations with the
Mediterranean Countries 77
Richard Pomfret
6 The European Community, Eastern Europe and
the USSR 93
Marc Maresceau
7 The Unique Relationship: The European Community
and the ACP 120
Carol Cosgrove and Pierre-Henri Laurent
8 The European Community and ASEAN 138
John Redmond
v
vi Contents
9 New Zealand, Australia and '1992' 161
Juliet Lodge
10 Conclusion 177
Index 184
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
2.1 Japanese Direct Investment in the EC 23
2.2 JE1RO's 1988 Survey on Japanese Companies'
Motivations and Reasons for starting to Produce
in theEC 25
5.1 The EC and the Mediterranean 78
8.1 The Geographical Structure of ASEAN Trade,
1981, 1988 146
8.2 Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN, 1988-89 149
9.1 New Zealand - shares in total trade by country 163
9.2 Australia - shares in total trade by country 170
Figures
2.1 Baldwin's Possible Growth Paths for the European
Community after the end of 1992 14
2.2 Japan's Exchange Rate, Trade Performance and
Foreign Direct Investment, 1980-88 22
vii
Preface
As the European Community continues to grow, its external face becomes
increasingly important in the outside world. Surveys of the EC's external
relations are relatively rare but the final run-up to the completion of the
EC's internal market seems a particularly appropriate point in time at
which to carry out such a project. The fact that it happens to coincide
with the agreement of a new Lom6 Convention and the remarkable changes
in the non-Community part of Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s
strengthens the case. Of course, it is not possible to provide complete
coverage and examine the EC' s relations with every part of the rest of
the world but the choice of countries and regions here includes the more
important ones and others for which the main issues arising are typical
of those considered important by excluded countries. Similarly, events in
some parts of the world are moving so quickly that it is only possible to
provide a snapshot in time and the contributions included here were all
completed in the first half of 1991.
Nevertheless, whilst the final outcome of some of the 'stories' told in
the following chapters is not yet apparent, the main issues and main lines
of debate are clear enough and can be fully explored. Indeed, in the more
fluid cases - EFfA and Eastern Europe-the 'final' situation is unlikely to
emerge for a number of years and so 1992 is a good year to take stock. It is
also useful to examine the EC' s relations with its more peripheral partners,
such as ASEAN and Australasia, which are seldom addressed. Finally, the
international authorship is intended to reflect the contents of the book and
to give a truly international perspective to the views expressed.
viii
List of Abbreviations
AASM Association of African States and Madagascar
ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific (States)
AMU Arab Maghreb Union
ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations
BERD French acronym for EBRD
CAP Common Agricultural Policy
CCP Common Commercial Policy
CCT Common Customs Tariff
CDI Centre for the Development of Industry
CEN Comite Europeen de Normalisation (European
Committee for Standardisation)
CENELEC Comite Europeen de Normalisation
Electrotechnique (European Committee for
Electrotechnical Standardisation)
CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
COMECON See CMEA
CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
CUFTA Canada-US Free Trade Area
DFI Direct Foreign Investment
EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EC European Community
EDF European Development Fund
EEA European Economic Area
EES European Economic Space
EFI'A European Free Trade Association
EIB European Investment Bank
EPC European Political Cooperation
EPU European Political Union
EMS European Monetary System
EMU European Monetary Union
EURATOM European Atomic Energy Community
ix