The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals

550 Pages·2010·9.54 MB·English

by  Janet Leonard

THE EVOLUTION OF PRIMARY SEXUAL CHARACTERS IN ANIMALS
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THE EVOLUTION OF PRIMARY
SEXUAL CHARACTERS IN ANIMALS
Edited by
Janet L. Leonard
Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
1
2010
1
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The evolution of primary sexual characters in animals /
edited by Janet L. Leonard and Alex Córdoba-Aguilar.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-19-532555-3
1. Generative organs—Evolution. 2. Sexual selection in animals.
I. Leonard, Janet L. (Janet Louise), 1953–II. Córdoba-Aguilar, Alex.
QL876.E96 2010
591.56’2–dc22 2009038212
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper
Contents
Contributors vii
1. Introduction: Celebrating and Understanding Reproductive Diversity 1
Janet L. Leonard
Part I: General Considerations
2. The Distinction between Primary and Secondary Sexual Characters 9
Michael T. Ghiselin
3. The Evolution of Sexes, Anisogamy, and Sexual Systems: Natural versus Sexual
Selection 15
Janet L. Leonard
4. Rapid Divergent Evolution of Genitalia: Theory and Data Updated 40
William G. Eberhard
5. Killing Time: A Mechanism of Sexual Confl ict and Sexual Selection 79
Patricia Adair Gowaty and Stephen P. Hubbell
Part II: Primary Sexual Characters in Selected Taxa
6. Gamete Release and Spawning Behavior in Broadcast Spawning Marine Invertebrates 99
Katie E. Lotterhos and Don R. Levitan
7. Prosobranchs with Internal Fertilization 121
Alan N. Hodgson
8. Opisthobranchs 148
Ángel Valdés, Terrence M. Gosliner, and Michael T. Ghiselin
v
vi Contents
9. Basommatophoran Gastropods 173
Philippe Jarne, Patrice David, Jean-Pierre Pointier, and Joris M. Koene
10. Stylommatophoran Gastropods 197
Bruno Baur
11. An Ancient Indirect Sex Model: Single and Mixed Patterns in the
Evolution of Scorpion Genitalia 218
Alfredo V. Peretti
12. Spider Genitalia: Precise Maneuvers with a Numb Structure in a Complex Lock 249
William G. Eberhard and Bernhard A. Huber
13. Genitalic Evolution in Opiliones 285
Rogelio Macías-Ordóñez, Glauco Machado,
Abel Pérez-González, and Jeffrey W. Shultz
14. The Evolution of Male and Female Internal Reproductive Organs in Insects 307
Nina Wedell and David J. Hosken
15. Selective Forces Propelling Genitalic Evolution in Odonata 332
Adolfo Cordero-Rivera and Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
16. Postcopulatory Sexual Selection in the Coleoptera: Mechanisms and Consequences 353
Paul Eady
17. Fertilization Mode, Sperm Competition, and Cryptic Female Choice Shape
Primary Sexual Characters in Fish 379
Michael Taborsky and Francis C. Neat
18. Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Amphibians 409
Lynne D. Houck and Paul A. Verrell
19. Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Reptiles 425
Tobias Uller, Devi Stuart-Fox, and Mats Olsson
20. Sexual Confl ict and the Intromittent Organs of Male Birds 453
Robert Montgomerie
21. Genitalic Traits of Mammals: Systematics and Variation 471
Edward H. Miller
22. The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals: A Summary 494
Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
Index 498
Contributors
Baur, Bruno. Conservation Biology Group, Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad
Department of Environmental Sciences, Universitaria, Costa Rica
University of Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10,
CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland Ghiselin, Michael T. Department of
Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of
Cordero, Rivera Adolfo. Grupo de Ecoloxía Sciences, 875 Howard Street, San Francisco,
Evolutiva e da Conservación, Departamento CA 94103, USA
de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade
de Vigo, E.U.E.T. Forestal, Campus Gosliner, Terrence M. Department of
Universitario, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain Invertebrate Zoology and Geology,
California Academy of Sciences,
Córdoba-Aguilar, Alex. Departamento de 55 Music Concourse Drive,
Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Apdo. Postal 70–275, Mexico, D. F., 04510, Gowaty, Patricia Adair. Department of
Mexico Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 621
Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles,
David, Patrice. Centre d’Ecologie CA 90095, USA and Smithsonian Tropical
Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, Research Institute, APO AA 34002
Campus CNRS, 1919 route de Mende,
34295 Montpellier cedex, France Hodgson, Alan N. Department of Zoology
& Entomology, Rhodes University,
Eady, Paul. Department of Biological Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN2
2LG, UK Hosken, David J. Centre for Ecology
and Conservation, School of Bioscience,
Eberhard, William G. Smithsonian Tropical University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus,
Research Institute, and Escuela de Biología, Tremough, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK
vii
viii Contributors
Houck, Lynne D. Department of Zoology, Montgomerie, Robert. Department of
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston,
97331, USA ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Hubbell, Stephen P. Department of Ecology Neat, Francis C. Population Biology Group,
and Evolutionary Biology, 621 Charles E. Marine Scotland, Marine Laboratory, P.O.
Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, Box 101, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11
and, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, 9DB, UK
APO AA 34002
Olsson, Mats. School of Biological Sciences,
Huber, Bernhard A. Alexander Koenig University of Wollongong, NSW 2522,
Research Museum of Zoology, Adenauerallee Australia
160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
Peretti, Alfredo V. Senior Researcher
Jarne, Philippe. Centre d’Ecologie CONICET-Argentina, Associate Professor
Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba,
Campus CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, Reproductive Biology & Evolution Lab–
34295 Montpellier cedex, France Catedra de Diversidad Animal I, Fac Cien Ex
Fis y Nat, UNC, Argentina
Koene, Joris M. Department of Animal
Ecology, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, Pérez-González, Abel. Grupo de Sistemática
VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV e Biologia Evolutiva, Núcleo em Ecologia e
Amsterdam, The Netherlands Desenvolvimento Sócio-Ambiental de Macaé,
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,
Leonard, Janet L. Joseph M. Long Marine Brazil
Laboratory, University of California-Santa
Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA Pointier, Jean-Pierre. Biologie et Ecologie
Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, UMR 5244
Levitan, Don R. Department of Biological CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, 52 avenue Paul Alduy,
Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 66860 Perpignan cedex, France
FL 32306, USA
Shultz, Jeffrey W. Department of
Lotterhos, Katie E. Department of Biological Entomology, University of Maryland,
Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, College Park, MD 20742, USA
FL 32306, USA
Stuart-Fox, Devi Department of Zoology,
Machado, Glauco. Departamento University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010,
de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Australia
Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Taborsky, Michael. Division Behavioural
Macías-Ordóñez, Rogelio. Departamento Ecology, Institute of Ecology and
de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Evolution, University of Bern,
A.C., Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa, Veracruz Wohlenstrasse 50a, CH-3032
91000, Mexico Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
Miller, Edward H. Biology Department, Uller, Tobias. Edward Grey Institute,
Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1B Department of Zoology, University of
3X9, Canada Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
Contributors ix
Valdés, Ángel. Department of Biological Wedell, Nina. Centre for Ecology and
Sciences, California State Polytechnic Conservation, School of Bioscience,
University, 3801 West Temple Avenue, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus,
Pomona, CA 91768, USA Tremough, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK
Verrell, Paul A. School of Biological Sciences,
Washington State University, Pullman,
WA 99164, USA