The Everything Guide to Catholicism: A complete introduction to the beliefs, traditions, and tenets of the Catholic Church from past to present PDF
Preview The Everything Guide to Catholicism: A complete introduction to the beliefs, traditions, and tenets of the Catholic Church from past to present
THE EVERYTHING ® GUIDE TO CATHOLICISM A complete introduction to the beliefs, traditions, and tenets of the Catholic Church from past to present Richard Gribble, CSC, PhD Copyright © 2011 by F+W Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher; exceptions are made for brief excerpts used in published reviews. An Everything® Series Book. Everything® and everything.com® are registered trademarks of F+W Media, Inc. Published by Adams Media, a division of F+W Media, Inc. 57 Littlefield Street, Avon, MA 02322 U.S.A. www.adamsmedia.com ISBN 10: 1-4405-0409-1 ISBN 13: 978-1-4405-0409-9 eISBN 10: 1-4405-0410-5 eISBN 13: 978-1-4405-0410-5 Printed in the United States of America. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gribble, Richard. The everything guide to Catholicism / Richard Gribble. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4405-0409-9 (alk. paper) 1. Catholic Church — Doctrines. 2. Theology, Doctrinal — Popular works. 3. Catholic Church — Customs and practices. I. Title. BX1754.G73 2011 230′.209 — dc22 2010038518 This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional advice. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services — From a Declaration of Principles jointly adopted by a Committee of the American Bar of a competent professional person should be sought. Association and a Committee of Publishers and Associations Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Adams Media was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters. This book is available at quantity discounts for bulk purchases. For information, please call 1-800-289-0963. Photos on pages 3, 17, 184, 205, 244 were taken from stock photo CD “Religions of the World” by Steve Allen, Brand X Pictures © 2001. Photos on pages 32, 52, 68, 87, 113, 120, 144, 159 were taken from stock photo CD “The Christian Faith” by LushPix Value © Unlisted Images, Inc. THE EVERYTHING GUIDE TO ® CATHOLICISM Dear Reader, The research and writing of this book has been for me a labor of love. As a “cradle Catholic,” Roman Catholicism has been part of my life from the outset. After short careers in the Navy and the business world, I chose to become a religious priest in the Congregation of Holy Cross. Throughout my life I have been intrigued by the teachings of the church and its history; they have become the bedrock of my life. However, I have noticed, especially as a priest, a lack of religious literacy among Catholics, and many misperceptions concerning the church among people of other faiths. Thus, it is a pleasure to write a book that presents the basics of Catholicism in a way that is understandable and entertaining to you. I hope that your appreciation of Catholicism — historically, theologically, and socially — is greatly enhanced through your reading and study of this volume. Welcome to the EVERYTHING Series! ® These handy, accessible books give you all you need to tackle a difficult project, gain a new hobby, comprehend a fascinating topic, prepare for an exam, or even brush up on something you learned back in school but have since forgotten. You can choose to read an Everything ® book from cover to cover or just pick out the information you want from our four useful boxes: e-questions, e-facts, e- alerts, and e-ssentials. We give you everything you need to know on the subject, but throw in a lot of fun stuff along the way, too. We now have more than 400 Everything ® books in print, spanning such wide- ranging categories as weddings, pregnancy, cooking, music instruction, foreign language, crafts, pets, New Age, and so much more. When you're done reading them all, you can finally say you know Everything ®! Answers to common questions Important snippets of information Words of wisdom from experts in the field Quick handy tips Karen Cooper PUBLISHER Paula Munier DIRECTOR OF ACQUISITIONS AND INNOVATION ® Lisa Laing MANAGING EDITOR, EVERYTHING SERIES Casey Ebert COPY CHIEF Jacob Erickson ASSISTANT PRODUCTION EDITOR Hillary Thompson ACQUISITIONS EDITOR Hillary Thompson ASSOCIATE DEVELOPMENT EDITOR Ross Weisman EDITORIAL ASSISTANT ® Erin Alexander EVERYTHING SERIES COVER DESIGNER Colleen Cunningham, Elisabeth Lariviere, Ashley Vierra, Denise LAYOUT DESIGNERS Wallace Visit the entire Everything® series at www.everything.com Contents Top 10 Things Everyone Should Know about Catholicism Introduction PART I: HISTORY OF ROMAN CATHOLICISM 01 The Apostolic, Patristic, and Medieval Church (0–1400) Life, Death, and Resurrection of Jesus Acts of the Apostles Life and Ministry of St. Paul Christianity and the Roman Empire Orthodoxy and Heresy Saints Augustine and Thomas Aquinas Catholicism in the Medieval World The Orthodox-Catholic Split 02 The Reformation and Counter Reformation (1400–1648) The Great Western Schism The Catholic Reformation The Protestant and Radical Reformers The Counter Reformation The Era of Exploration 03 Revolution and Restoration (1648–1962) Gallicanism The French Revolution Napoleon and the Restoration The Challenge of the Nineteenth Century The Roman Response Vatican I The Church of the Twentieth Century 04 The Church of Vatican II (1962-Present) The 1960s: A Time of Challenge The Church and Pope John XXIII Vatican II The Documents The Rise of the Lay Apostolate Popes John Paul II (1978–2005) and Benedict XVI (2005- present) The American Catholic Experience PART II: REVELATION IN ROMAN CATHOLICISM 05 The Bible and Sacred Tradition Ancient Writings Criteria for Canonicity Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) Structure Authors of the Hebrew Bible New Testament Structure Authors of the New Testament Why Are There Differences in Bibles? Sacred Tradition as Revelation Biblical Criticism 06 The Magisterium Historical Questions and Issues Conciliarism Ordinary Magisterium Extraordinary Magisterium Synod of Bishops The United States Catholic Conference of Bishops (USCCB) 07 The Creed Roots of the Creed Latin Church Roots Eastern Church Roots What the Creed Is and What It Is Not Functions of the Creed PART III: GOD 08 The Trinity The Concept of the Trinity Old Testament Ideas of the Trinity New Testament Ideas of the Trinity Economic Versus Immanent Trinity Heresies Associated with the Doctrine of the Trinity Official Church Teachings on the Trinity God as a Community Trinitarian Heresies Explained 09 Jesus Christ Jesus the Messiah Christian Understanding of Jesus as Messiah Catholicism's Teachings about Jesus Understanding Jesus Today 10 The Holy Spirit The Pentecost Event The Holy Spirit in Scripture The Tradition and Theology of the Holy Spirit Charismatic Catholics PART IV: ROMAN CATHOLIC THEOLOGY 11 The Sacraments of Initiation The Concept of Sacraments History of Sacraments and Sacramentality Baptism Confirmation The Eucharist 12 The Sacraments of Commitment and Healing Concept of Discipleship Marriage Holy Orders Concept of Sin The Sacrament of Penance Sacrament of the Sick 13 Moral Theology Pre-Vatican II Understanding of Moral Theology Post-Vatican II Understanding of Moral Theology Moral Theology Today Sin and Grace 14 Salvation Salvation in the Bible History of the Doctrine of Salvation Salvation Outside the Church Judgment 15 Mariology Church Teachings on Mary Four Marian Dogmas Additional Teachings on Mary Mary and Popular Devotion PART V: STUDY OF THE CHURCH (ECLESIOLOGY) 16 The Church: One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Biblical Foundations and Development of the Church The Church Is One The Church Is Holy The Church Is Catholic The Church Is Apostolic Basic Roman Catholic Church Organization Models of the Church 17 Priesthood, Religious Life, and Lay Ministry The Sacramental Priesthood Religious Life — Concept of the Consecrated Life History of Religious Life Status of Priesthood and Religious Life Today The Permanent Diaconate “Decree on the Apostolate of Lay People” Lay Ministries in the Church The Question of Women in the Church The Four Categories of Roman Catholics PART VI: SPIRITUALITY
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