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782 Pages·2018·4.88 MB·English
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“A stunning achievement. Lawrence Feingold’s up-to-date study of the Eucharist is truly comprehensive, taking the reader from the book of Genesis through the Upper Room and all the way to Pope Francis. The result is a biblical, patristic, medieval, modern, and thoroughly Catholic study of the sacrament that is the ‘source and summit of the Christian life.’ And all this in clear and accessible prose! This work will be essential reading for anyone interested in Eucharistic theology for decades to come.” —BRANT PITRE Professor of Sacred Scripture, Notre Dame Seminary “Dr. Feingold has written a masterful summary of the Catholic theology of the Eucharist that integrates scriptural and patristic foundations with scholastic and magisterial teachings on Eucharistic presence, the Mass as sacrifice, the participation of the faithful in the sacrifice of the Mass, the fruits of the Eucharist, adoration of the Eucharist, and contemporary canonical–pastoral questions regarding the worthy reception of Holy Communion. Drawing upon St. Thomas Aquinas and other eminent theologians, Dr. Feingold provides a treatment of the Holy Eucharist that is ideal for Catholic university and seminary classes on ‘the most august sacrament.’” —ROBERT L. FASTIGGI Professor of Systematic Theology, Sacred Heart Major Seminary “In addition to being a Catholic theologian of the highest rank, Professor Lawrence Feingold is also one of the very finest teachers in the Catholic academy today. Like his intellectual and spiritual master, St. Thomas Aquinas, Feingold not only sees deeply into Catholic truth, he also unlocks for his students the wise order by which the faith is most fully intelligible. This book on the Eucharist showcases Professor Feingold at the height of his theological and pedagogical powers. Professors of sacramental theology now have a resource that is sure to enrich their courses—and the spiritual lives of their students.” 2 —ROGER W. NUTT Associate Professor of Theology and Director of the MA Program in Theology, Ave Maria University 3 — THE — EUCHARIST 4 — THE — E U C H A R I S T M P , YSTERY OF RESENCE S C ACRIFICE, AND OMMUNION L AW R E N C E F E I N G O L D www.emmausacademic.com Steubenville, Ohio 5 Steubenville, Ohio www.emmausacademic.com A Division of The St. Paul Center for Biblical Theology Editor-in-Chief: Scott Hahn 1468 Parkview Circle Steubenville, Ohio 43952 © 2018 Lawrence Feingold All rights reserved. Published 2018 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Feingold, Lawrence, author. Title: The Eucharist : mystery of presence, sacrifice, and communion / Lawrence Feingold. Description: Steubenville : Emmaus Academic, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2017037498 (print) | LCCN 2017039059 (ebook) | ISBN 9781945125744 (ebook) | ISBN 9781945125720 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781945125737 (pbk.) Subjects: LCSH: Lord’s Supper--Catholic Church. Classification: LCC BX2215.3 (ebook) | LCC BX2215.3 .F45 2017 (print) | DDC 234/.163--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017037498 Unless otherwise noted, Scripture quotations are taken from The Revised Standard Version Second Catholic Edition (Ignatius Edition) Copyright © 2006 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. Excerpts from the Catechism of the Catholic Church, second edition, 6 copyright © 2000, Libreria Editrice Vaticana--United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Washington, D.C. Noted as CCC in the text. Imprimatur: In accordance with CIC 827, permission to publish has been granted on October 18, 2017, by the Most Reverend Mark S. Rivituso, Auxiliary Bishop, Archdiocese of St. Louis. Permission to publish is an indication that nothing contrary to Church teaching is contained in this work. It does not imply any endorsement of the opinions expressed in the publication; nor is any liability assumed by this permission. Cover image: The Last Supper (1481–1482), Cosimo Rosselli, Sistine Chapel, Vatican City Cover design and layout by Margaret Ryland 7 Contents ABBREVIATIONS INTRODUCTION STRUCTURE OF THE WORK PART I: FOUNDATIONS CHAPTER ONE: WHY DID CHRIST INSTITUTE THE EUCHARIST? REASONS OF FITTINGNESS FOR THE EUCHARIST Sacrament of Spiritual Nourishment Sacrament of Charity Presence Sacrificial Love Intimate Union Three Ends of the Eucharist CHRIST INSTITUTED THE EUCHARIST FOR THE SAME REASONS THAT HE BECAME MAN 1. Presence Divine Condescension Wishing to Dwell with Us Teaching Perfect Virtue The Merit of Faith 2. Sacrifice Expiatory Sacrifice of Atonement Full Revelation of the Divine Love 3. Communion Divinization of Man The Eucharist Is the Principal Means of Divinization Dignity of Man The Eucharist Is the Nuptials of the Lamb with His Church 8 The Eucharist and the Giving of the Holy Spirit Mary and the Eucharist THE EUCHARIST WAS INSTITUTED TO BE THE SUMMIT OF THE SACRAMENTAL ECONOMY Uniqueness of the Eucharist Compared with the Other Sacraments The Eucharist and the New Covenant The Eucharist and the Mysteries of Christ STUDY QUESTIONS SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING CHAPTER TWO: THE EUCHARIST PREFIGURED IN THE OLD TESTAMENT FIGURE OF THE REAL PRESENCE OF CHRIST IN THE EUCHARIST: THE SHEKHINAH FIGURES OF THE SACRIFICE OF THE EUCHARIST Priesthood and Sacrifice before the Mosaic Law Priesthood and Sacrifice in the Law of Moses Different Kinds of Old Testament Sacrifice Solemnity and Quantity of Sacrifice in the Temple The Passover Sealing of the Old Covenant FIGURES OF THE EUCHARIST AS SPIRITUAL NOURISHMENT UNDER THE SACRAMENTAL SIGNS OF BREAD AND WINE Manna The Offering of Melchizedek The Bread of the Presence Unleavened Bread of the Passover and the Four Cups of Wine The Tree of Life Yearning of the Prophets for Union with God Unity of Presence, Sacrifice, and Spiritual Nourishment STUDY QUESTIONS SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 9 CHAPTER THREE: THE EUCHARIST IN THE NEW TESTAMENT THE BREAD OF LIFE DISCOURSE IN JOHN 6 FOUR ACCOUNTS OF THE INSTITUTION OF THE EUCHARIST Synopsis of the Accounts of the Last Supper Preparation for the Last Supper Betrayal of Judas Announced Announcement That Jesus Would Not Eat Another Passover The Institution Narrative The Setting: Preparing the Passover Why Did Christ Choose the Last Supper as the Time to Institute the Eucharist? The Date of the Last Supper according to John Four Positions on the Date of the Last Supper in John and the Synoptics Synoptic Hypothesis Johannine Hypothesis Essene Calendar Hypothesis Passover Hypothesis Significance of the Passover as the Setting for the Last Supper The Passover Seder Described in Luke’s Account SACRIFICIAL CONNOTATIONS OF THE WORDS OF INSTITUTION “My Body Given for You” “Do This in Remembrance of Me” Blood Poured Out for the Forgiveness of Sins Blood of the Covenant / New Covenant in My Blood Christ’s Knowledge of His Sacrifice OTHER REFERENCES TO THE EUCHARIST IN THE NEW TESTAMENT 1 Corinthians 11:23–32 1 Corinthians 5:6–8 and 10:16–21 The Eucharist in Luke 24 and the Acts of the Apostles Hebrews Revelation 10

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The Eucharist: Mystery of Presence, Sacrifice, and Communion explores the three ends of the Sacrament of Sacraments: God's true presence, His redemptive sacrifice, and spiritual nourishment through communion with Him. In this follow-up to his groundbreaking work, Faith Comes From What Is Heard, Lawr
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