The Epididymis: From Molecules to Clinical Practice: A Comprehensive Survey of the Efferent Ducts, the Epididymis and the Vas Deferens PDF
Preview The Epididymis: From Molecules to Clinical Practice: A Comprehensive Survey of the Efferent Ducts, the Epididymis and the Vas Deferens
The Epididymis: From Molecules to Clinical Practice A Comprehensive Survey of the Efferent Ducts, the Epididymis and the Vas Deferens The Epididymis From Molecules to Clinical Practice A Comprehensive Survey of the Efferent Ducts, the Epididymis and the Vas Deferens Edited by Bernard Robaire McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada and Barry T. Hinton University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia Advisory Editorial Board Marie-Claire Orgebin-Crist Terry T Turner Russell C Jones Louis Hermo Trevor Cooper Rex Hess Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The epididymis: from molecules to clinical practice: a comprehensive survey of the efferent ducts, the epididymis, and the vas deferens/edited by Bernard Robaire, Barry T. Hinton; advisory editorial board, Marie-Claire Orgebin-Crist ... [et al.]. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4613-5191-7 ISBN 978-1-4615-0679-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-0679-9 1. Epididymis. 2. Vas deferens. 3. Epididymis—Pathophysiology. I. Robaire, Bernard. II. Hinton, Barry T. III. Orgebin-Crist, M.-C. [DNLM]: 1. Epididymis. 2. Efferent Pathways. 3. Vas Deferens. WH 800 E636 2001] QP255 .E654 2001 612.6'1—dc21 2001038959 ISBN 978-1-4613-5191-7 ©2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York in 2002 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1ts edition 2002 http://www.wkap.nl/ 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21 A CLP. record for this book is available from the Library of Congress All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher List of Contributors R. J. Aitken G.A. Cornwall, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Department of Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Centre for Li fe Sciences Texas Tech University University of Newcastle Health Sciences Center Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Lubbock, Texas, 79430, USA A-H. Amin P.S. Cuasnicu Male Infertility Program Instituto de Biologfa y Medicina Experimental Hospital University of Pennsylvania Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA D,G. Cyr S. Andonian Human Health Research Centre Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology INRS-Institut Armand Frappier McGill University Universite du Quebec 3640 University Street 234 Hymus Boulevard Montreal, Quebec, Canada Pointe Claire, QC, H9R I G6, Canada Y. Araki, F. Dacheux Center for Reproductive Biology Research Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Vanderbilt School of Medicine Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Room D-2303 MCN Comportements Nashville, TN, USA, 37232 37380 Monnaie, France H. Badran J.-L. Dacheux Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique McGill University Physiologie de la Reproduction et des 3640 University Street Comportements. Montreal, Quebec, Canada 37380 Monnaie, France. D. Busso V.G. Da Ros Instituto de Biologfa y Medicina Experimental Instituto de Biologfa y Medicina Experimental Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina P.T.K. Chan J. Dufresne James Buchanan Brady Foundation Human Health Research Centre Department of Urology INRS-Institut Armand Frappier New York Presbyterian Hospital Universite du Quebec Weill Medical College of Cornell University 234 Hymus Boulevard New York, NY, 1002l, USA Pointe Claire, QC, H9R I G6, Canada B.L.Y. Cheuk D.A. Ellerman Department of Physiology Instituto de Biologfa y Medicina Experimental Faculty of Medicine Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong N. Ezer Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics D.J. Cohen, McGill University Instituto de Biologfa y Medicina Experimental 3655 Promenade Sir-William Osler Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina Montreal, Quebec, H3G I Y6, Canada T.G. Cooper K. Finnson Institut fur Reproduktionsmedizin Human Health Research Centre University,of Munster INRS-Institut Armand Frappier Domagkstrasse II Universite du Quebec 48 149 Munster, Germany 234 Hymus Boulevard Pointe Claire, QC, H9R IG6, Canada v C.J. Flickinger Department of Cell Biology J.L. Kirby University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Cell Biology Charlottesville, V A 22908, USA University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA S. Fouchecourt Center for Reproductive Biology Research C. Kirchhoff Vanderbilt School of Medicine IHF Institute for Hormone and Fertility Research Room D-2303 MCN University of Hamburg Nashville, TN, 37232, USA Grandweg 63, D-22529 Hamburg, Germany X.D. Gong G.R. Klinefelter Department of Physiology The United States Environmental Protection Agency Faculty of Medicine National Health and Environmental Effects Research The Chinese University of Hong Kong Laboratory Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong Reproductive Toxicology Division, MD #72 Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA M. Gregory Human Health Research Centre J.-J. Lareyre INRS-Institut Armand Frappier INRA-SCRIBE U ni versite du Quebec Campus de Beaulieu 234 Hymus Boulevard Rennes Cedex, France Pointe Claire, QC, H9R IG6, Canada G.P.H. Leung D.W. Hamilton Department of Physiology Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Faculty of Medicine Development The Chinese University of Hong Kong University of Minnesota Medical School Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA Robert J. Matusik L. Hermo Department of Urologic Surgery Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Vanderbilt University Medical Center McGill University Nashville, TN, 37232, USA 3640 University Street Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada H.D.M. Moore Department of Molecular Biology and R.A. Hess Biotechnology Department of Veterinary Biosciences University of Sheffield University of Illinois Sheffield, S 10 2TN, United Kingdom Urbana, IL 61802, USA M.M. Morgenfeld. B.T. Hinton Instituto de Biologfa y Medicina Experimental Department of Cell Biology Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville, V A 22908, USA S.K. NagDas Department of Cell Biology S.S. Howards Vanderbilt University Department of Urology Nashville, TN 37232, USA University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA R. Nie Department of Veterinary Biosciences R. Jones University of Illinois Gamete Signalling Laboratory Urbana, IL 61802, USA The Babraham Institute Cambridge CB2 4AT, UK I.J. Okazaki Department of Medicine R.C. Jones University of Minnesota School of Medicine Department of Biological Sciences Mayo Mail Code 394, University of Newcastle 420 Delaware Street S.E. Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA vi G.E.Olson R. Schoysman Department of Cell Biology Schoysman Infertility Management Foundation Vanderbilt University Van Helmont Hospital Nashville. TN. 37232. USA Vaart Straat 42 B-1800 D.E.Ong Vilvoorde, Belgium Center for Reproductive Biology Research Vanderbilt School of Medicine V. Serre Room D-2303 MCN Division of Reproductive Biology Nashville. TN. 37232. USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Johns Hopkins University M.-C. Orgebin-Crist 615 North Wolfe Street. Room 3606 Center for Reproductive Biology Research Baltimore, MD, USA, 21205 Vanderbilt School of Medicine Room D-2303 MCN. B.P. Setchell Nashville. TN. 37232. USA Pediatric Endocrinology Unit Karolinska Hospital. P. Patrizio SI71 76 Stockholm, Sweden Male Inferti Ii ty Program Hospital University of Pennsylvania K. Suzuki Philadelphia. PA 19104. USA Center for Reproductive Biology Research Vanderbilt School of Medicine S.D. Perreault Room D-2303 MCN Reproductive Toxicology Division Nashville. TN. 37232, USA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Health and Environmental Effects Research T. Turner Laboratory Departmentt of Urology Research Triangle Park. NC 27711. USA University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville, Virginia. 22908 • USA J.L. Pryor Department of Urologic Surgery, M.F. Wilkinson University of Minnesota School of Medicine Department of Immunology Mayo Mail Code 394. The University of Texas 420 Delaware Street S.E .. M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Minneapolis. Minnesota 55455. USA 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston. TX. 77030, USA M.Rao Department of Immunology V.P. Winfrey The University of Texas Department of Cell Biology M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Vanderbilt University 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Nashville. TN, 37232. USA Houston. TX, 71030. USA P.Y.D. Wong B. Robaire Department of Physiology Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine and of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Chinese University of Hong Kong McGill University Shatin, N.T. . Hong Kong 3655 Promenade Sir-William Osler Montreal. Quebec. H3G I Y6, Canada c.-H. Yeung Institut fur Reproduktionsmedizin C.M. Rodriguez University of Munster Department of Cell Biology Domagkstrasse II University of Virginia Health System 48 149 Munster, Germany Charlottesville. VA 22908. USA Q.Zhou P. N. Schlegel Department of Veterinary Biosciences James Buchanan Brady Foundation University of Illinois Department of Urology Urbana. IL, 61802, USA New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Medical College of Cornell University. New York. NY. 10021. USA vii PREFACE Since the late 1960s, there has been an acceleration of research focused on understanding how the efferent ducts, the epididymis, and the vas deferens function with respect to the maturation and storage of spermatozoa and as hormone dependent tissues. Another major interest in the epididymis is that it is an attractive target for the development of male contraceptives. There are well over 16,000 peer reviewed articles in the literature on these tissues, their structure, gene expression, protein synthesis and function. Regular international meetings have been initiated that are dedicated to this field. Thus, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive reference volume that spans every facet of epididymal biology, from historical background to the most current results, from basic cell and molecular biology to clinical issues. Well-established experts from every part of the world have contributed to this volume. By necessity, each author was given page limitations so that many topics are not dealt with exhaustively. Whenever possible, references to more comprehensive discussion of specific topics are included. We sincerely hope that this volume will serve not only as a resource for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and fellow scientists already working in this field, but also as a catalyst to entice young investigators and attract established colleagues to take up the challenges of understanding this important, complex and exciting group of tissues. It is apparent that we are merely beginning to get a glimpse into the functioning of this amazing duct. There is a pressing need for more fundamental research as well as clinical studies to elucidate the role played by these tissues in the processes of sperm transport, maturation, storage and protection. We should express our appreciation to Sid Parkinson for the excellent contributions as Editorial Assistant and to the staff of Kluwer-Plenum for their support and encouragement. Bernard Robaire Barry T. Hinton June 2001 ix CONTENTS 1. The Testicular Excurrent Duct System: A Historical Outlook D. W. Hamilton ................................................................................. 1 2. Evolution of the Vertebrate Epididymis R. C. lones ....................................................................................... 11 3. Innervation and Vasculature of the Excurrent Duct System B. P. Setchell ...................................................................................3 5 THE EPITHELIUM OF THE EXCURRENT DUCT SYSTEM 4. The Efferent Ductules: Structure and Functions R. A. Hess ...................................................................................... .49 5. Epididymal Cell Types and Their Functions L. Hermo andB. Robaire .................................................................... 81 6. Cellular Interactions and the Blood-Epididymal Barrier D. G. Cyr, K. Finnson, 1. Dufresne and M. Gregory ................................... 103 7. Formation of the Epididymal Fluid Microenvironment P. Y.D. Wong, X.D. Gong, G.P.H. Leung and B.L. Y. Cheuk ........................... 119 8. Necessity's Potion: Inorganic Ions and Small Organic Molecules in the Epididymal Lumen. T.T. Turner ................................................................................... 131 9. Protein Secretion in the Epididymis 1.-L. Dacheux and F. Dacheux ............................................................................... 151 10. Gene Expression and Epididymal Function G. A. Cornwall, 1.-1. Lareyre, R.I. Matusik, B. T. Hinton, and M.-C. Orgebin-Crist .......................................................... 169 11. Specific Gene Expression in the Human and Non-Human Primate Epididymis C. Kirchhoff. ................................................................................ 201 xi 12. Interactions of the Immune System and the Epididymis V Serre and B. Robaire .................................................................... 219 13. The Structural Organization and Functions of the Epithelium of the Vas Deferens L. Hermo, H. Badran, and S. Andonian ...................................................2 33 DEVELOPMENT AND AGING 14. The Development of the Epididymis C. M. Rodriguez, J. L. Kirby, and B. T. Hinton .......................................... 251 15. Homeobox Genes and the Male Reproductive System M. Rao and M. F. Wilkinson .................................................................... 269 16. Aging of the Epididymis B. Robaire .........................................................................................2 85 HORMONAL REGULATION AND EFFECfS OF TOXICANTS 17. Androgenic Regulation of the Structure and Functions of the Epididymis N Ezer and B. Robaire ......................................................................... .297 18. The Role of Estrogens in the Endocrine and Paracrine Regulation of the Efferent Ductules, Epididymis and Vas Deferens R. A. Hess, Q. Zhou, and R. Nie ............................................................3 17 19. Retinoids and Epididymal Function M. -CO Orgebin-Crist, J. -J. Lareyre, K. Suzuki, Y Araki, S. F oucMcourt, R. J. Matusik, and D. E. Ong ..................................................... .339 20. Actions of Toxicants on the Structure and Function of the Epididymis G. R. Klinefelter ............................................................................ .353 CHANGES IN SPERMATOZOA DURING EPIDIDYMAL TRANSIT 21. Structural Differentiation of Spermatozoa During Post-Testicular Maturation G. E. Olson, S. K. NagDas, and V P. Winfrey .......................................... 371 22. Changes in Sperm Proteins During Epididymal Maturation. P. S. Cuasnicu, D. J. Cohen, D. A. Ellerman, D. Busso, V G. Da Ros, and M. M. Morgenfeld ............................................................ 389 23. Plasma Membrane Composition and Organisation During Maturation of Spermatozoa in the Epididymis R. Jones ....................................................................................... 405 xii 24. Acquisition and Development of Sperm Motility upon Maturation in the Epididymis C.-H. Yeung and T. G. Cooper .......................................................... .417 25. Active Oxygen in Spermatozoa During Epididymal Transit R. J. Aitken .................................................................................. .435 NOVEL TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES 26. Cell and Organ Epididymal Cultures H. D. M. Moore ............................................................................. .449 27. Smart Use of Computer-Aided Sperm Analysis (CASA) to Characterize Sperm Motion S. D. Perreault .............................................................................. 459 CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS 28. Management of EpIdidymal Dysfunction: Correlation with Basic Physiology R. Schoysman .................................................................................... .473 29. The Epididymis as a Target for Male Contraception T. G. Cooper ................................................................................. .483 30. Consequences of Obstruction on the Epididymis C. J. Flickinger and S. S. Howards .......................................................... .503 31. Infertility, ICSI, and the Epididymis P. Patrizio and A.-H. Amin ................................................................5 23 32. Epididymitis and Other Inflammatory Conditions of the Male Excurrent Ductal System P. T. K. Chan and P. N. SchlegeL ......................................................... 533 33. Cancer of the Epididymis I. J. Okazaki andJ. L. Pryor ...............................................................5 55 Author Index .......................................................................................... 563 Subject Index .........................................................................................5 65 xiii
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