The Encyclopedia of HIV And AIDS

673 Pages·2003·2.94 MB·English

by  Stephen E. Stratton

THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
HIV AND AIDS
Second Edition
Sarah Barbara Watstein, M.L.S., M.P.A.
Stephen E. Stratton, M.S.L.S., M.A.
Foreword by
Evelyn J. Fisher, M.D.
The Encyclopedia of HIV and AIDS, Second Edition
Copyright © 2003, 1998 by Sarah Barbara Watstein
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Watstein, Sarah.
The encyclopedia of HIV and AIDS/Sarah Barbara Watstein, Stephen E. Stratton;
foreword by Evelyn J. Fisher.—2nd ed.
p. cm.
Previous ed. has title: The AIDS dictionary.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8160-4808-8 (hbk.: alk. paper)
1. AIDS (Disease)—Dictionaries. I. Watstein, Sarah. AIDS dictionary.
II. Stratton, Stephen E. III. Title.
RC606.6.W385 2003
616.97′92′003—dc21
2002035220
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Text and cover design by Cathy Rincon
Printed in the United States of America
VB Hermitage 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
For those waiting on the other side of the rainbow.
—Sarah Barbara Watstein
h
For Rob Harris, my partner, who gave up his on-line shopping
for several months as I worked on this dictionary,
and who has been very supportive throughout the process.
—Steve Stratton

CONTENTS
Foreword vii
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction xi
Entries A–Z 1
Appendixes 545
Bibliography 601
Index 611

FOREWORD
In the early 1980s patients began coming to my mation covers more subject areas than just medi-
office for treatment of symptoms and illnesses cine. The second edition is a necessary update to
that were later defined as AIDS. Infections, ill- keep the material correct—and timely.
nesses, and cancers that were not seen before, par- However much time the authors have spent on
ticularly combined in the same people, suddenly this book, readers must realize that it will always
had familiar names. Patients wanted to understand be out of date. The changes that occur in medicine
what was wrong with them. They had never heard happen quickly these days. More is learned about
of these infections, but now had to live with them. HIV/AIDS each day, and material is outdated daily.
Patients also wanted to learn as much as possible in I want to remind readers that this book should not
order to try and stay alive when no one, including be used for self-diagnosis or treatment. The infor-
doctors, knew a great deal about HIV. In the 20 plus mation presented here is general in nature and
years of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, patients have does not apply to individuals. People need to con-
educated themselves about the virus and the sult with their personal physician and HIV/AIDS
opportunistic infections (OIs) that accompany it. specialists before receiving any type of medical
Many patients advocated early in the epidemic for treatment.
better access to information and a voice in their Remember, HIV is still a serious virus that causes
treatment. With the involvement of the patient in illness and death. To date there is no medicine to
the treatment and drug approval process has come rid the body of the virus and no cure. Educate
the need for the patient to understand the mecha- yourself with this book and other information
nisms of the virus and the many illnesses and med- sources. There are medicines that can help keep a
ications available for their treatment. person healthy for much longer than was possible
This encyclopedia provides a way for patients, in 1981, but these drugs are not easy to take and
friends, family, and patient advocates to educate have many side effects. Protect your health
themselves about HIV/AIDS, OIs, and many other through safe sex practices. If you are HIV positive,
areas related to HIV in 2003. I have read through protect your health through adherence to your
the entries with the authors; they cover a wide treatment plan as suggested by your doctor. Use
variety of cultural, medical, personal, social, and the information in this book to protect and educate
pharmacological issues that are vital to under- yourself and others.
standing HIV and AIDS. I do not necessarily agree
with everything the authors have selected for —Evelyn J. Fisher
inclusion in the book but respect that the decisions Associate Professor of Internal Medicine,
are theirs and recognize that HIV and AIDS infor- Virginia Commonwealth University
vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
No two people write a dictionary of HIV/AIDS I want to mention several friends who have helped
by themselves—the field is too vast, complex, me over the course of the 20 years of this epidemic,
and changing. The authors owe so much to so in a variety of ways. Some of these people are not
many who contributed ideas, stimulation, chal- around any longer, but I still think about all of them,
lenges, and constructive criticism. We particularly living or not, often: Rodney Blair, Richard Towler,
wish to acknowledge the patience and understand- Robert Wright, Tommy Lee, Jerry Griffin, Jeffrey
ing of our friends, colleagues, and family, who Helyer, Larry Wyatt, Joyce Sherman, Rich Healy,
were always there with words of support and and Patrick Yankee. I also thank the people at the
encouragement, cups of coffee, and an occasional various organizations where I have volunteered my
meal to facilitate our all too often nose-to-the- time: Wellness Networks—Huron Valley (now the
grindstone posture during the development and HIV/AIDS Resource Center) (http://comnet.
production of this work. Additionally, we express org/local/orgs/harc/); Osborne Association AIDS in
deep appreciation and admiration to those who Prison Project (http://www.osborneny.org/aids_in_
have contributed to the knowledge that has found prison_project.htm); Richmond AIDS Consortium,
its way into this volume—the many current and Community Advisory Board (http://views.vcu.edu/
past friends and acquaintances who have worked hiv/research/racsite/); and Terry Beirn Commu-
on the front-lines with people who have nity Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS
HIV/AIDS, practitioners, and health care providers, (http://www.cpcra.org). Of course I want to thank
and, of course, the many we have known who are Sarah, too, for giving me the opportunity to help
HIV-positive. It is they, who daily confront the her on this book.
challenges, who contribute the most in volume and
—Steve Stratton
precision to the lexicon of HIV/AIDS.
—Sarah Barbara Watstein
ix