The Economics of Take-Off into Sustained Growth: Proceedings of a Conference held by the International Economic Association

506 Pages·1963·53.038 MB·English

by  W. W. Rostow (eds.)

THE ECONOMICS OF TAKE-OFF
INTO SUSTAINED GROWTH
OTHER INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION PUBLICATIONS
MoNOPOLY AND CoMPETITION AND THEIR REGULATION
THE BusiNEss CYCLE IN THE PosT-WAR \'\loRLD
THE THEORY OF WAGE DETERMINATION
THE EcoNOMICs oF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
STABILITY AND PRoGRESs IN THE WoRLD EcoNOMY
THE EcoNOMIC CoNSEQUENCES OF THE SIZE OF NATIONS
THE THEORY OF CAPITAL
EcoNOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF LATIN AMERICA
INFLATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY IN A DEVELOPING WoRLD
EcoNOMic DEvELOPMENT FOR AFRICA SouTH oF THE SAHARA
EcoNOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EAsT AsiA
THE THEORY OF INTEREST RATES
THE EcoNOMics oF EDuCATION
PROBLEMS IN EcoNOMIC DEVELOPMENT
THE EcoNOMIC PRoBLEMS oF HousiNG
PRICE FoRMATION IN VARious EcoNOMIEs
THE DISTRIBUTION OF NATIONAL INCOME
EcoNOMIC DEVELOPMENT FOR EASTERN EuROPE
RISK AND UNCERTAINTY
EcoNOMIC PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURE IN INDUSTRIAL SoCIETIES
INTERNATIONAL EcoNOMic RELATIONS
BACKWARD AREAS IN ADVANCED COUNTRIES
PuBLic EcoNoMics
EcoNOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SouTH AsxA
CLASSICS IN THE THEORY OF PUBLIC FINANCE
NoRTH AMERICAN AND \\<'EsTERN EuROPEAN EcoNo~nc PoLICIEs
PLANNING AND MARKET RELATIONS
THE GAP BETWEEN RICH AND PooR NATIONS
LATIN AMERICA IN THE INTERNATIONAL EcoNOMY
MoDELS oF EcoNOMIC GROWTH
SciENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN EcoNOMIC GRoWTH
ALLOCATION UNDER UNCERTAINTY
TRANSPORT AND THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
THE ECONOMICS OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL CARE
THE MANAGEMENT OF WATER QUALITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
AGRICULTURAL PoLICY IN DEVELOPING CouNTRIES
THE EcoNOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF BANGLADESH
EcoNOMIC FAcToRs IN PoPULATION GROWTH
THE
ECONOMICS OF TAKE-OFF
INTO
SUSTAINED GROWTH
Proceedings of a Conference
held by the International Economic Association
EDITED BY
W. W. ROSTOW
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN
ISBN 978-1-349-00228-3 ISBN 978-1-349-00226-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-00226-9
© International Economic Association [963
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1St edition 1963 978-0-333-03155-1
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may
be reproduced or transmitted, in any fonn or by any
means, without permission.
First Edition 1963
Reprinted [964,1965,1968, [969, [97[, [974
Published by
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTI>
London and Basingstoke
Associated companies in New York Dublin
AIelbourne Johannesburg and A1adras
SBN 333 03155 5
CONTENTS
PAG&
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ix
INTRODUCTION AND EPILOGUE. W. W. Rostow xiii
CHAP.
1. LEADING SECTORS AND THE TAKE-OFF. W. W. Rostow 1
2. NoTES ON THE TAKE-OFF. S. Kuznets 22
3. INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES (1815-60).
D. C. North 44
4. THE TAKE-OFF IN BRITAIN. H. J. Habakkuk and Phyllis
Deane 63
5. GOVERNMENT AcTIVITY AND INDUSTRIALIZATION IN GER-
MANY (1815-70). W. Fischer 83
6. THE TAKE-OFF IN GERMANY. W. G. Hoffmann 95
7. THE TAKE-OFF HYPOTHESIS AND FRENCH EXPERIENCE. J.
Marczewski 119
8. THE TAKE-OFF IN JAPAN (1868-1900). S. Tsuru 139
9. THE EARLY PHASES OF INDUSTRIALIZATION IN RussiA:
AFTERTHOUGHTS AND COUNTERTHOUGHTS. A. Gerschenkron 151
10. POPULATION GROWTH AND THE TAKE-OFF HYPOTHESIS. H.
Leibenstein 170
11. TECHNICAL PROGRESS, THE PRODUCTION FUNCTION, AND
DEVELOPMENT. H. Leibenstein 185
12. AGRARIAN STRUCTURE AND TAKE-OFF. M. Boserup 201
13. AGRICULTURE AND EcoNOMIC DEVELOPMENT. 0. G. de
BulhOes 225
14. CAPITAL FoRMATION IN THE TAKE-OFF. A. K. Cairncross 240
15. SociAL OVERHEAD CAPITAL AND EcoNOMIC GROWTH. P. H.
Cootner 261
16. FOREIGN CAPITAL AND TAKE-OFF. K. E. Berrill 285
SuMMARY REcoRD OF THE DEBATE. D. C. Hague 301
INDEX 477
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The International Economic Association wishes to
thank all those who did much to ensure the success of
the Conference recorded in this volume. Special grati
tude is due to the management and staff of the Insel
Hotel at Konstanz where the Conference was held in a
most beautiful setting. That the weather was throughout
unkind was no possible fault of theirs.
vii
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Dr. 0. Aukrust
Midtasen 55, Ljan, Oslo, Norway
Professor Ragnar Bentzel
Handelshogskolan i Stockholm, Sveavagen 65, Stockholm,
Sweden
Mr. Kenneth Berrill
St. Catharine's College, Cambridge
Dr. H. C. Bos
Netherlands Economic Institute, Pieter de Hoochweg 122,
Rotterdam, Netherlands
Dr. Mogens Boserup
4 Route de Chancy, Geneva, Switzerland
Professor Jacques Boudeville
29 rue Jasmin, Paris 168, France
Professor Octavio Bulhoes
Brazilian Institute of Economics, Funda~ao Getulio Vargas,
Praia de Botafogo 186, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Professor A. K. Cairncross
Department of Social and Economic Research, University of
Glasgow, 12 Bute Gardens, Glasgow W.2, U.K.
Professor C. M. Cipolla
Facolta di Economia e Commercio, lstituto Universitario di
Venezia, Ca' Foscari, Venice, Italy
Dr. Paul Cootner
Center for International Studies, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge 39, Mass.,
U.S.A.
Miss Phyllis Deane
Department of Applied Economics, 7 West Road, Cambridge,
U.K.
Professor Dr. D. Delivanis
50 Jan Smuts, Athens, Greece
Professor Leon Dupriez
Institut de Recherches economiques et sociales, Universite de
Louvain, Place Mgr Ladeuze, Louvain, Belgium
Professor Luc Fauvel
31 his rue Campagne Premiere, Paris 148, France
ix
The Economics of Take-off into Sustained Growth
Professor Dr. Wolfram Fischer
Sozialforschungsstelle an der Universitat Munster, Rheinland
damm 199, Dortmund, Germany
Professor Alexander Gerschenkron
Department of Economics, Harvard University, M-7 Littauer
Center, Cambridge 38, Mass., U.S.A.
Professor Eugenio Gudin
Rua da Candelaria 19, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Professor Gottfried Haberler
326 Littauer Center, Harvard University, Cambridge 38, Mass.,
U.S.A.
Professor Douglas Hague
Department of Economics, The University, Sheffield 10, U.K.
Professor Dr. Walther Hoffmann
Institut fiir Industriewirtschaftliche Forschung der Universitat
Munster, Universitatsstrasse 14-16, Munster, Westf., Ger
many
Professor Emile James
6 avenue de Segur, Paris 7e, France
Professor Dr. W. A. Johr
Goethestrasse 77, St. Gallen, Switzerland
Professor Simon Kuznets
333 Tuscany Road, Baltimore 10, Maryland, U.S.A.
Professor David Landes
Department of History, University of California, Berkeley 4,
California, U.S.A.
Professor Harvey Leibenstein
Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley 4,
California, U.S.A.
Professor W. A. Lewis
University College of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7,
Jamaica, West Indies
Professor Edward Lipinski
Rakowiecka 6 m. 26, Warsaw, Poland
Professor Erik Lundberg
Borjesonsvagen 42, Bromma, Stockholm, Sweden
Professor Jean Marczewski
46 rue de Rennes, Paris 6e, France
Dr. Gautam Mathur
55 Grantchester Street, Cambridge, U.K.
Professor Dr. Fritz Neumark
Gesellschaft fur Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Merton
strasse 17, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany
X
List of Participants
Professor Douglass C. North
Institute for Economic Research, University of Washington,
Seattle 5, Washington, U.S.A.
Professor E. A. G. Robinson
The Marshall Library, Downing Street, Cambridge, U.K.
Professor W. W. Rostow
Center for International Studies, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge 39, Mass.,
U.S.A.
Dr. H. W. Singer
Department of Economic Affairs, United Nations, New York,
N.Y., U.S.A.
Professor Robert Solow
Department of Economics and Social Research, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge 38, Mass., U.S.A.
Professor S. Tsuru
Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University,
Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan
Observer
Mrs. G. Podbielski
Research and Planning Division, U.N. Economic Commission
for Europe, Geneva, Switzerland
Xl