The Ebola Pandemic in Sierra Leone: Representations, Actors, Interventions and the Path to Recovery PDF
Preview The Ebola Pandemic in Sierra Leone: Representations, Actors, Interventions and the Path to Recovery
The Ebola Pandemic in Sierra Leone JohnIdrissLahai The Ebola Pandemic in Sierra Leone Representations, Actors, Interventions and the Path to Recovery JohnIdrissLahai SchoolofHistoryandInternationalRelations FlindersUniversity Adelaide,Australia ISBN978-3-319-45903-5 ISBN978-3-319-45904-2(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-45904-2 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016961812 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsof translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesare exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationin thisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublisher northeauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerial contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Coverillustration:Coverpattern©HarveyLoake Printedonacid-freepaper ThisPalgraveMacmillanimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Lestwe forget! I dedicatethisbook to DrSheik UmarKhan (6 March1975–29 July 2014),Sierra Leone’sleadingViralHaemorrhagic Fever Specialist whodied whilst tryingto understand, contain andpreventthe Ebola pandemic inSierra Leone.SierraLeone willneverforget! C ONTENTS 1 Introduction 1 ‘WhatThe Death of“Patient Zero”Taught Us?’ 2 Significance ofthe Book 6 Methodological Considerations 7 Structure ofthe Book 9 References 10 2 TheEbola Pandemic:Meaning,Origins, andthe Pathways ofEruption andSpread 13 Meaning: WhatIs Ebola? 13 Origins:From the Congoto Sierra Leone 15 Ebolain Sierra Leone:PathwaysofEruptionand Spread 17 Notes 43 References 44 3 Representations:BetweenUncertainty, Epistemology andPoliticalDominance 47 Local Representation 48 International Representation 52 Notes 64 References 64 vii viii CONTENTS 4 Interventions:How ActorsMediatedBetween and HonouredHumanitarianAction,Political Interests, andMedicalScientificKnowledge 67 The GovernmentofSierra Leone 67 The WorldHealth Organisation 72 Mèdecinssans Frontierès(MSF) 76 The UnitedNations Mission forEbolaEmergencyResponse (UNMEER) 79 The UnitedStates ofAmerica 80 Great Britain 86 Aspen MedicalofAustralia 89 China 98 Cuba 99 Notes 104 References 106 5 TheAftermath: The Proposed Pathwayto PublicHealth Recovery:2015–2020 111 Discussions 111 From theAbyss and onthe Roadto Recovery 112 Financing theHealth Sector for anEffective Post-Ebola PublicHealth Sector Governance 122 Notes 127 References 127 6 Conclusion 129 References 132 Index 133 L A IST OF BBREVIATIONS ACC Anti-CorruptionCommission APC AllPeoplesCongress APHEF AfricanPublicHealthEmergencyFund AU AfricanUnion BFFSS BehaviouralRiskFactorSurveillanceSystem BPEHS BasicPackageHealthService BWC BiologicalandToxicWeaponsConvention CAGs CommunityAdvocacyGroups CDC CentreforDiseaseControl CMS ChiefMedicalSuperintendents CSO CivilSocietyOrganizations CWC ChemicalWeaponsConvention DERCs DistrictEbolaResponseCentres DFID DepartmentforForeignandInternationalDevelopment DMOs DistrictManagementOfficers DPC DirectorateofDiseasePreventionandControl DRC DemocraticRepublicofCongo ECM EbolaCrisisManager ECOWAS EconomicCommunityofWestAfricanStates EOC EmergencyOperationsCentre EU EuropeanUnion EVD EbolaVirusDisease FAO FoodandAgricultureOrganisation FMCs FacilityManagementCommittees GDP GrossDomesticproduct GNI GrossNationalIncome GoSL GovernmentofSierraLeone HFAC HealthForAllCoalition ix x LISTOFABBREVIATIONS HIPC HeavilyIndebtedPoorCountriesInitiative HMIS HealthManagementInformationSystems HSS HealthSystemsStrengthening(Cluster) HSSG HealthSectorSteeringGroup IASC Inter-AgencyStandingCommittee ICG InternationalCrisisGroup IHR InternationalHealthRegulations IMF InternationalMonetaryFund JICA JapanInternationalCorporationAgency LFN LassaFeverNetwork MFET Medium-TermExpenditureFramework MGD MillenniumDevelopmentGoals MODEP MinistryofFinanceandEconomicDevelopment MOHS MinistryofHealthandSanitation MRU ManoRiverUnion MSF MèdecinssansFrontierès MSWGCA MinistryofSocialWelfare,GenderandChildren’sAffairs NaCSA NationalCommissionforSocialAction NERC NationalEbolaResponseCentre NGO Non-GovernmentalOrganisation NHC NationalHealthCompact NHLSP NationalHealthLaboratoryStrategicPlan NPRC NationalProvisionalRulingCouncil OCHA UNOfficefortheCoordinationofHumanitarianAffairs ODA OfficialDevelopmentAssistance OECD OrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment PAC PublicAccountsCommittee PBF Performance-BasedFunding PDE PreparednessforDeliberateEpidemics PETS PublicExpenditureTrackingSurveys PHB PublicHealthBudgeting PHE PublicHealthEmergency PHUs PublicHealthUnits PMMI PreventionofMaternalMortalityInitiatives PNA Post-conflictNeedsAssessment PRSP PovertyReductionStrategyPaper RUF RevolutionaryUnitedFront SCSL SpecialCourtforSierraLeone SGD SustainableDevelopmentGoals SLENTHA SierraLeoneTraditionalHealersAssociation SLPP SierraLeonePeoplesParty SMART StandardiseMonitoringandAssessmentofReliefandTransitions LISTOFABBREVIATIONS xi SPP StrategicPlanningandActionProcess TRIPS Trade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights UN UnitedNations UNICEF UnitedNationsChildren’sEmergencyFund UNDP UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme UNFPA UnitedNationsPopulationFund UNMEER UnitedNationsMissionforEbolaEmergencyResponse UNSC UnitedNationsSecurityCouncil VHF VirulentHaemorrhagicFevers WHA WorldHealthAssembly WHO WorldHealthOrganisation
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