The Eastern Mediterranean Frontier of Latin Christendom

490 Pages·2016·50.49 MB·English

by  Jace Stuckey

The Expansion of Latin Europe, 1000-1500

The Eastern Mediterranean Frontier
of Latin Christendom
THE EXPANSION OF LATIN EUROPE, 1000-1500
General Editors: James Muldoon and Felipe Fernandez-Armesto
PART!
1 The Medieval Frontiers of Latin Christendom: Expansion, Contraction, Continuity
Edited by James Muldoon and Felipe Fernandez-Armesto

2 Internal Colonization in Medieval Europe
Edited by Felipe Fernandez-Armesto and James Muldoon
3 The North Atlantic Frontier of Medieval Europe: Vikings and Celts
Edited by James Muldoon
4 The North-Eastern Frontiers of Medieval Europe: The Expansion of Latin Christendom
in the Baltic Lands
Edited by Alan V. Murray
5 The Expansion of Central Europe in the Middle Ages
Edited by Nora Berend
6 The Eastern Mediterranean Frontier of Latin Christendom
Edited by Jace Stuckey
7 Latin Expansion in the Medieval Western Mediterranean
Edited by Eleanor A. Congdon
8 Spain, Portugal and the Atlantic Frontier of Medieval Europe
Edited by Jose-Juan Lopez-Portillo
PART II
9 Medieval Ethnographies: European Perceptions of the World Beyond
Edited by Joan Pau Rubies
10 Travellers, Intellectuals, and the World Beyond Medieval Europe
Edited by James Muldoon
11 The Spiritual Expansion of Medieval Latin Christendom: The Asian Missions
Edited by James D. Ryan
PART III
12 The Expansion of Orthodox Europe: Byzantium, the Balkans and Russia
Edited by Jonathan Shepard
13 Islamic Expansion in the Later Middle Ages
(Provisional title)
The Expansion of Latin Europe, 1000-1500
Volume 6

The Eastern Mediterranean Frontier
of Latin Christendom
edited by
Jace Stuckey
13 Routledge
jj!^^ Taylor & Francis Group
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published 2014 by Ashgate Publishing
Published 2016 by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
This edition copyright © 2014 by Ashgate Publishing Limited, and Introduction by Jace Stuckey. For
copyright of individual articles refer to the Acknowledgements.

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for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
ISBN 9781472422750 (hbk)
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows: 2014937545
This book is printed on acid free paper.
THE EXPANSION OF LATIN EUROPE, 1000-1500 - VOL 6
Contents
Acknowledgements ix
General Editors' Preface xiii

Introduction xvii
Bibliography xxxi
PART ONE - TRAVEL, TRADE, AND ECONOMY
1 Coastal Shipping and Navigation in the Mediterranean
Michel Balard 1
2 The Geographical Conditions of Galley Navigation in the Mediterranean
John H. Pry or 17
3 Byzantine Crete in the Navigation and Trade Networks of Venice and Genoa
DavidJacoby 39
PART TWO - MIGRATION AND COLONIZATION
4 The Venetians in the Black Sea: A General Survey
Michael E. Martin 63
5 Italian Migration and Settlement in Latin Greece: The Impact on the Economy
David Jacoby 85
6 The Genoese in the Aegean (1204-1566)
Michel Balard 111
1 Cyprus and the Beginnings of Modern Sugar Cane Plantations and Plantation
Slavery
Sidney M. Greenfield 135
PART THREE - THE CRUSADES AND THE CHRISTIAN EAST
8 The Impact of the Crusades on Eastern Christianity
Philip K. Hitti 155
vi CONTENTS
9 The Armenian Church and the Papacy at the Time of the Crusades
Bernard Ham lit on 163
10 The Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa: Apocalypse, the First Crusade and
the Armenian Diaspora
Christopher MacEvitt 191
11 Colonization and the Creation of Hospitals: The Eastern Extension of Western
Hospitality in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
Monique Amouroux 217

PART FOUR - MILITARY ORDERS
12 The Emergence of the Military Order in the Twelfth Century
AJ.Forey 231
13 The Templars as Bankers and Monetary Transfers between West and East
in the Twelfth Century
DM Metcalf 253
14 Military Orders and Crusader Politics in the Second Half of
the Thirteenth Century
Joshua Prawer 271
PART FIVE - CROSS-CULTURAL ENCOUNTERS
15 The Near East on the Eve of the Crusades
Michael Brett 285
16 The Impact of the Early Crusades on the Muslim World
Robert Irwin 303
17 The Crusaders through Muslim Eyes
Wadi'Z. Haddad 319
18 Ethnic Identity in the Crusader States: The Prankish Race and
the Settlement of Outremer
Alan V. Murray 339
19 Latins, Muslims and Greeks in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
Hans Eberhard Mayer 355
CONTENTS vii
PART SIX: TRADE AND CRUSADE
20 Trade and Crusade, 1050-1250
DavidAbulqfta 373
21 An Economic Interpretation of the Medieval Crusades
GaryM. Anderson, Robert B. Ekelund, Jr., Robert F. Herbert
and Robert D. Tollison 393
22 Papal Attempts at a Commercial Boycott of the Muslims in

the Crusader Period
Sophia Menache 419
Index 443
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Acknowledgements
The chapters in this volume are taken from the sources listed below, for which the editor and
publishers wish to thank their authors, original publishers or copyright holders for permission
to use their materials as follows:

Chapter 1: Michel Balard, 'Coastal Shipping and Navigation in the Mediterranean', in
R. Gardiner and R. W. Unger (eds), Cogs, Caravels and Galleons: Conway History of the Ship
(London, 1994), pp. 131-38.
Chapter 2: John H. Pryor, 'The Geographical Conditions of Galley Navigation in the
Mediterranean', in R. Gardiner (ed.), The Age of the Galley: Mediterranean Oared Vessels
since Pre-Classical Times (London, 1995), pp. 206-16.
Chapter 3: David Jacoby, 'Byzantine Crete in the Navigation and Trade Networks of Venice
and Genoa', in L. Balletto (ed.), Oriente e Occidente tra Medioevo ed eta moderna, Studi
in onore di G. Pistarino (Universita degli Studi di Genova; sede di Acqui Terme, Collana di
Fonti e Studi, 1) 2 vols, Acqui Terme, 1997, pp. 517^0. Copyright © 2001 by David Jacoby.
Chapter 4: Michael E. Martin, 'The Venetians in the Black Sea: A General Survey',
Byzantinistica, 3 (1993), pp. 227-48. Copyright © 1993 C.U.S.L. - Cooperativa Universitaria
Studio e Lavoro ar.l. - Casella Postale succ. 4.
Chapter 5: David Jacoby, 'Italian Migration and Settlement in Latin Greece: The Impact on
the Economy', in H.E. Mayer (ed.), Die Kreuzfahrerstaaten als multikulturelle Gesellschaft.
Einwanderer und Minderrheiten im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert (Munich, 1997), pp. 97-127.
Chapter 6: Michel Balard, 'The Genoese in the Aegean (1204-1566)', in B. Arbel,
B. Hamilton and D. Jacoby (eds), Latins and Greeks in the Eastern Mediterranean after 1204
(London, 1989), pp. 158-74. Copyright © 1989 Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
Chapter 7: Sidney M. Greenfield, 'Cyprus and the Beginnings of Modern Sugar Cane
Plantations and Plantation Slavery', La Cdna de azucar en el Mediterraneo, Actas del
Segundo Seminario internacional, Casa de laPalma (Montril, Grenade: 1991), pp. 23^2.
Chapter 8: Philip K. Hitti, 'The Impact of the Crusades on Eastern Christianity', in S.A.
Hanna (ed.), Medieval and Middle Eastern Studies in Honour of Aziz Suryal Atiya (Leiden,
1972), pp. 211-17.
X -ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 9: Bernard Hamilton, 'The Armenian Church and the Papacy at the Time of the
Crusades', Eastern Churches Review, 10 (1978), pp. 61-87.
Chapter 10: Christopher MacEvitt, 'The Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa: Apocalypse, the
First Crusade and the Armenian Diaspora', Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 61 (2007), pp. 157-81.
Copyright © 2008 Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Trustees for Harvard
University.
Chapter 11: Monique Amouroux, 'Colonization and the Creation of Hospitals: The Eastern
Extension of Western Hospitality in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries', Mediterranean
Historical Review, 14 (1999), pp. 31^3.
Chapter 12: A.J. Forey, 'The Emergence of the Military Order in the Twelfth Century',
Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 36 (1985), pp. 175-95. Copyright © 1985 Cambridge
University Press, reproduced with permission.
Chapter 13: D.M. Metcalf, 'The Templars as Bankers and Monetary Transfers between
West and East in the Twelfth Century', in Peter Edbury and D.M. Metcalf (eds), Coinage
in the Latin East, The Fourth Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History (BAR
International Series, 77) (Oxford, 1980, 2nd Edition, 1995), pp. 1-17. Copyright © 1980
Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford.
Chapter 14: Joshua Prawer, 'Military Orders and Crusader Politics in the Second Half of
the XHIth Century', in J. Fleckenstein and M. Hellmann (eds), Die gestlichen Ritterorden
Europas (Sigmaringen, 1980), pp. 217-29. Copyright © 1980 by Jan Thorbecke, Verlag KG,
Sigmaringen.
Chapter 15: Michael Brett, 'The Near East on the Eve of the Crusades', in L. Garcia-Guijarro
Ramos (ed.), La Primer a Cruzada novecientos anos despues: el Concilio de Clermonty los
origenes del moviemiento cruzado (Madrid, 1997), pp. 119-36.
Chapter 16: Robert Irwin, 'The Impact of the Early Crusades on the Muslim World', in
La Primer a Cruzada novecientos anos despues: el Concilio de Clermonty los origenes del
moviemiento cruzado (Madrid, 1997), pp. 137-51. Copyright © Del Autor - Robert Irwin.
Chapter 17: Wadi' Z. Haddad, 'The Crusaders through Muslim Eyes', The Muslim World, 73
(1983), pp. 234-52. Copyright © 1983 Hartford Seminary.
Chapter 18: Alan V. Murray, 'Ethnic Identity in the Crusader States: The Prankish Race
and the Settlement of Outremer', in S. Forde, L. Johnson and A. Murray (eds), Concepts of
National Identity in the Middle Ages (Leeds, 1995), pp. 59-74. Copyright © 1995 Leeds
Studies in English.