The Early Modern State: Drivers, Beneficiaries and Discontents: Essays in Honour of Prof. Dr. Marjolein 't Hart

322 Pages·2022·25.287 MB·English

by  Pepijn Brandon, Lex Heerma van Voss, Annemieke Romein

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The Early Modern State: Drivers,
Beneficiaries and Discontents
In the course of the early modern period, the capacity of European states
to raise finances, wage wars, subject their own and far away populations,
and exert bureaucratic power over a variety of areas of social life increased
dramatically. Nevertheless, these changes were far less absolute and defin-
itive than the literature on the rise of the “modern state” once held. While
war pushed the boundaries of the emerging fiscal military states of the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, rulers remained highly dependent
on negotiations with competing elite groups and the private networks of
contractors and financial intermediaries. Attempts to increase control over
subjects often resulted in popular resistance, that in their turn set limits
to and influenced the direction of the development of state institutions.
Written in honour of the leading historian of war and state formation in
the early modern Low Countries, Marjolein ’t Hart, the chapters gathered
in this volume examine the main drivers, beneficiaries and discontents of
state formation across and beyond Europe in the early modern period.
Pepijn Brandon is chair of Global Economic and Social History at VU Amster-
dam, the Netherlands, and Senior Researcher at the International Institute of
Social History in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Lex Heerma van Voss is the former director of the Huygens Institute for the
History and Culture of the Netherlands in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and
emeritus professor in the history of social security at Utrecht University, the
Netherlands.
Annemieke Romein is postdoctoral researcher in early modern political-
institutional/legal history at the Huygens Institute for the History and Culture
of the Netherlands in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Cathleen Sarti
The Politics of Obscenity in the Age of the Gutenberg Revolution
Obscene Means in Early Modern French and European Print Culture and
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Edited by Peter Frei and Nelly Labère
Losing Face
Shame, Society and the Self in Early Modern England
Ilana Krausman Ben-Amos
Brokerage and Networks in London’s Global World
Kinship, Commerce and Communities through the experience of
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David Farr
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Edited by Pepijn Brandon, Lex Heerma van Voss, and Annemieke Romein
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For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge.
com/Routledge-Research-in-Early-Modern-History/book-series/RREMH
The Early Modern State:
Drivers, Beneficiaries and
Discontents
Essays in Honour of Prof. Dr. Marjolein
’t Hart
Edited by
Pepijn Brandon, Lex Heerma van Voss,
and Annemieke Romein
First published 2022
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa
business
© 2022 selection and editorial matter, Pepijn Brandon,
Lex Heerma van Voss, and Annemieke Romein; individual chapters,
the contributors
The right of Pepijn Brandon, Lex Heerma van Voss, and
Annemieke Romein to be identified as the authors of the editorial
material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been
asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Brandon, Pepijn, editor. | Heerma van Voss, Lex, editor. |
Romein, Annemieke, editor.
Title: The early-modern state: drivers, beneficiaries, and discontents :
essays in honour of Prof. Dr. Marjolein ’t Hart / edited by
Pepijn Brandon, Lex Heerma van Voss, and Annemieke Romein.
Description: New York, NY : Routledge, 2022. | Series: Routledge research
in early modern history | Includes bibliographical references and index.
| Identifiers: LCCN 2021057779 (print) | LCCN 2021057780 (ebook)
Classification: LCC HC329.5.D4 E37 2022 (print) | LCC HC329.5.D4 (ebook)
| DDC 338.6/04109492--dc23/eng/20220201
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021057779
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021057780
ISBN: 978-0-367-54468-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-54469-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-08942-1 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003089421
Typeset in Times New Roman
by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd.
Contents
List of figures viii
List of tables ix
Acknowledgements x
List of contributors xi
Introduction: The Early Modern State: Drivers, Beneficiaries,
and Discontents 1
P. BRANDON, C.A. ROMEIN, AND L. HEERMA VAN VOSS
Section I
War, Economy, Representation 15
1 Powerless Representatives?: Warfare’s Contrasting Impact
on Early Modern Political Participation 17
W. BLOCKMANS
2 The State and the Economic Acceleration of the
Dutch Republic, 1585–1637 38
M. PRAK AND J.L. VAN ZANDEN
Section II
Institutions and Law 67
3 Paper Suits of Armour: Sauvegarde, Brandschat, and Security
in the Countryside during Wartime in the Sixteenth-Century
Netherlands 69
E. SWART
vi Contents
4 The Formative Role of Early Modern Books of Ordinances:
The Low Countries and Their Overseas Lands 89
C.A. ROMEIN
Section III
Finance and Contracts 113
5 The States’ Army of Flanders and the English Roads,
1577–c.1610 115
D. J. B. TRIM
6 Finance, Money, Corruption, and the English Exchequer Bill
Scandals of 1697–1699 142
A. GRAHAM
7 The Military-Commercial Complex: Contracting the
Eighteenth Century British Army 160
P.J. WAY
8 The Politics and Geopolitics of the British Debate on
Monetary Policy for Warfare against Revolutionary and
Napoleonic France, 1793–1821 184
P.K. O’BRIEN
Section IV
Transnational Agents 199
9 Ministers on Demand: French Senior Government Officials
as Transnational Agents of Modernity in Napoleon’s Brother
Kingdoms 201
J. GABRIËLS
10 Grasping Opportunities in Times of Crisis?: The Community
of Dutch Maritime Traders in the Port of Antwerp During the
French Period 227
H. GREEFS
Contents vii
Section V
Labour and Contention 247
11 The State, Taxes, and Popular Protest in the Netherlands
in the Napoleonic Period (1806–1813) 249
J. JOOR
12 Varieties of Force: State-Organized Production,
Industrialization, and Coerced Labour in Nineteenth-Century
Naval Shipyards 271
P. BRANDON
Selective Bibliography 290
Index 300
Figures
4.1 First three levels of classification of police ordinances
based on MPILHLT – classifications. 95
4.2 Detail: The Paalhuis and the Nieuwe Brug, Amsterdam, in
the Winter, Jan Abrahamsz. Beerstraten, 1640–1666,
Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. 96
9.1 Napoleon’s relatives on foreign thrones 204
10.1 Numbers of incoming ships in the port of Antwerp,
1800–1820. 230
Tables
2.1 Urban growth in Holland, 1550s–1632 42
2.2 Urban growth outside Holland, mid-sixteenth to
mid-seventeenth century 43
9 Appendix: French Senior Government Officials in
Napoleon’s Brother Kingdoms, 1805–1814 223–226
10.1 Number of merchants and amount of shipments (in numbers
and on average) according to birthplace, in 1805 232
10.2 Number of shipments according to import port (if known
or indicated) for the group in total, and for foreign and
Dutch firms in particular, in 1805, in number (or percentage
if indicated) 234
10.3 Number of shipments per product category (if more than 5)
for the total group, for foreign and Dutch firms in 1805,
in number 236