The early ceramics of the Inca heartland

172 Pages·1999·8.7 MB·English

by  Bauer, Brian S

£
ix
FIELDIANA
Anthropology
NEW SERIES, NO. 31
The Early Ceramics of the Inca Heartland
Brian S. Bauer
April 30, 1999
Publication 1501
PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
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Croat, T. B. 1978. Flora ofBarro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif., 943 pp.
Grubb, P. J., J. R. Lloyd, and T D. Pennington. 1963. A comparison of montane and lowland rain forest in
Ecuador. I. The forest structure, physiognomy, and floristics. Journal ofEcology, 51: 567-601.
Langdon, E. J. M. 1979. Yage among the Siona: Cultural patterns in visions, pp. 63-80. In Browman, D. L.,
and R. A. Schwarz, eds., Spirits, Shamans, and Stars. Mouton Publishers, The Hague, Netherlands.
Murra, J. 1946. The historic tribes of Ecuador, pp. 785-821. In Steward, J. H., ed.. Handbook of South
American Indians. Vol. 2, The Andean Civilizations. Bulletin 143, Bureau of American Ethnology,
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FIELDIANA
Anthropology
NEW
SERIES, NO. 31
The Early Ceramics of the Inca Heartland
Brian S. Bauer
ResearchAssociate
DepartmentofAnthropology
FieldMuseum ofNatural History
Roosevelt Roadat Lake Shore Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 U.S.A.
Associate ProfessorofAnthropology
University ofIllinoisat Chicago
1007 West Harrison Street
Chicago, Illinois 60607-7139 U.S.A.*
*Address to which reprint requests and correspondence should be sent.
Accepted February 12, 1998
Published April 30, 1999
Publication 1501
PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
© 1999 Field Museum of Natural History
ISSN 0071-4739
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
CK
This work is dedicated to Luis Barreda Murillo, friend and teacher.
(PhotographcourtesyofGordonMcEwan.)

Table of Contents 2-5. Common Colcha bowl designs 22
2-6. Common Colcha bowl designs 23
2-7. Common Colcha bowl designs 24
Preface and Acknowledgments ix 2-8. Distance from Cuzco of sites with
Chapter 1. The Inca in Cuzco 1 Killke ceramics 26
The Research Area and Research Meth- 2-9. Distance from Cuzco of sites with
ods 1 Colcha ceramics 26
Classic Inca Ceramics 8 2-10. Density of sites with Killke ceramics
Other Contemporary Styles 10 and distance from Cuzco 27
Chapter 2. Ceramics of the Late Inter- 2-11. Density of sites with Colcha ceram-
mediate Period (A.D. 1000-1400) 13 ics and distance from Araypallpa 28
Killke Ceramics 13 3-1. Straight-sided flaring bowls from
Colcha Ceramics 20 Muyu Roqo 65
The Relationship Between Killke and 3-2. Orange-ware drinking vessels from
Colcha Ceramics 22 Muyu Roqo 66
Summary and Discussion 29 3-3. Orange-ware drinking vessels from
Chapter 3. Ceramics of the Middle Hori- Muyu Roqo 67
zon (A.D. 550-1000) 61 3-4. Black-ware incised drinking vessels
Wari and Wari-Style Ceramics 61 from Muyu Roqo 68
Ocros-Style Ceramics of the Province of 3-5. Common Qotakalli designs 72
Paruro 63 3-6. Qotakalli rims from steep-sided
Arahuay Ceramics 67 bowls 73
Qotakalli Ceramics 70 3-7. Ccoipa straight-sided drinking ves-
Ccoipa Ceramics 75 sels 76
Muyu Oreo Ceramics 78 3-8. Ccoipa straight-sided drinking ves-
Horizontally Incised Drinking Vessels 81 sels 77
Summary and Discussion 83 3-9. Muyu Oreo ceramics 80
Chapter 4. Ceramics of the Early Inter- 3-10. Horizontally incised drinking vessels .. 83
mediate Period and the Early Hori- 4-1. Paruro Formative vessel with molded
zon (1000 B.C.-A.D. 550) 123 face 127
Chanapataand Derived ChanapataCeram- 4-2. Incised, early Tiwanaku-related ce-
ics 123 ramics 130
Marcavalle Ceramics 125 5-1. Revised ceramic sequence for the
Paruro Formative Ceramics 126 Cuzco region 144
Incised, Early Tiwanaku-Related Vessels 127 A-l. Shallow bowls 151
Chapter 5. A Revised Ceramic Sequence
for the Cuzco Region 143
Literature Cited 147
Appendix 1. Shallow Bowls 151 List of Drawings (Ceramic Designs)
Appendix 2. Radiocarbon Dates from the
Cuzco Region 155
2-1. Common Killke designs 32
2-2. Common Killke designs 33
List of Illustrations 2-3. Common Killke bowl designs 34
2-4. Common Killke bowl designs 35
2-5. Common Killke bowl designs 36
Frontispiece: Luis Barreda Murillo 2-6. Common Killke bowl designs 37
1-1. The standard ceramic sequence for 2-7. Common Killke bowl designs 38
the Cuzco Valley 3 2-8. Common Killke bowl designs 39
2-1. Common Killke bowl designs 15 2-9. Common Killke bowl designs 40
2-2. Common Killke designs 17 2-10. Transitional Killke-Inca bowl 41
2-3. Common Killke bowl designs 18 2-11. Common incurving Killke bowl de-
2-4. Single-strap-handle face neckjar 19 signs 42
2-12. Common incurving Killke bowl de- 3-21. Qotakalli rims from steep-sided
signs 43 bowls 106
2-13. Single-strap-handle face neckjar 44 3-22. Ccoipa straight-sided drinking ves-
2-14. Single-strap-handle face neckjar 44 sels 107
2-15. Single-strap-handle face neckjars 45 3-23. Ccoipa straight-sided drinking ves-
2-16. Single-strap-handle face neckjars 46 sels 108
22--1178.. CSionmglmeo-sntrCapo-lhcahnadlbeofwalcedenseicgknsjars 4478 3-24. sCeclosipa straight-sided drinking ves- 109
2-19. Common Colcha bowl designs 49
2-20. Common Colcha bowl designs 50 3-25. Ccoipa straight-sided drinking ves-
2-21. Common Colcha bowl designs 51 sels 110
2-22. Common Colcha bowl designs 52 3-26. Ccoipa bowls Ill
2-23. Common Colcha bowl designs 53 3-27. Common Ccoipa designs 112
2-24. Common Colcha bowl designs 54 3-28. Common Ccoipa designs 113
2-25. Common Colcha bowl designs 55 3-29. Ccoipa bowl 114
2-26. Common Colcha bowl designs 56 3-30. Muyu Oreo ceramics 115
2-27. Common Colcha bowl designs 57 3-31. Muyu Oreo ceramics 116
2-28. Common Colcha bowl designs 58 3-32. Muyu Oreo straight-sided drinking
2-29. Common Colchajar designs 59 vessel with front face god motif 117
2-30. Colcha straight-sided drinking ves- 3-33. Muyu Oreo straight-sided drinking
sels 60
vessel with a convex, horizontal
3-1. Incurving bowls from Muyu Roqo 86 band 117
3-2. MSturyaiughRt-osqioded, flaring bowls from 87 3-34. Muyu Oreo slightly concave, steep-
sided bowl 118
3-3. Straight-sided, flaring bowls from
Muyu Roqo 88 3-35. Muyu Oreo annulated bowl with
3-4. Straight-sided, flaring bowls from concave sides 118
Muyu Roqo 89 3-36. Horizontally incised drinking ves-
3-5. Orange-ware drinking vessels from sels 119
Muyu Roqo 90 3-37. Horizontally incised drinking ves-
3-6. Orange-ware drinking vessels from sels 120
Muyu Roqo 91 3-38. Horizontally incised drinking ves-
3-7. Orange-ware drinking vessels from sels 121
Muyu Roqo 92 4-1. Paruro Formative vessel rims 131
3-8. Orange-ware drinking vessels from 4-2. Paruro Formative vessels with short
Muyu Roqo 93
3-9. Black-ware incised drinking vessels flaring rims 132
from Muyu Roqo 94 4-3. Paruro Formative vessels with long,
necks 133
3-10. Black-ware incised drinking vessels slightly flaring
from Muyu Roqo 95 4-4. Paruro Formative vessel rims 134
3-11. Black-ware incised drinking vessels 4-5. Paruro Formative flaring bowls 135
from Muyu Roqo 96 4-6. Paruro Formative flaring bowl 136
3-12. Black-ware drinking vessels from 4-7. Paruro Formative flaring bowls 137
Muyu Roqo 97 4-8. Paruro Formative bowls and fig-
3-13. Arahuay bowl designs 98 urine 138
3-14. Arahuay bowl designs 99 4-9. Paruro Formative vessels with mod-
3-15. Common Qotakalli designs 100 eled faces 139
33--1167.. CMoonmomcohnroQmoetakQaoltlaikadlelsiicgensramics 110012 4-10. Paruro Formative vessel with mod-
3-18. Monochrome Qotakalli ceramics 103 eled face 140
3-19. Qotakalli bases from steep-sided 4-11. Incised, early Tiwanaku-related ce-
bowls 104 ramics 141
3-20. Qotakalli rims from steep-sided A-l. Shallow bowls 152
bowls 105 A-2. Shallow bowls 153
VI
List of Maps 3-4. Distribution of sites with Ccoipa ce-
ramics 79
3-5. Distribution of sites with Muyu Oreo
1-1. The Inca Empire in 1532 2 ceramics 82
1-2. Department of Cuzco 4 3-6. Distribution of sites with horizontally
1-3. Province of Paruro 5 incised drinking vessels 85
1-4. The research region 7 4-1. Distribution of sites with Paruro For-
1-5. Test excavated sites 9 mative ceramics 128
3-1. Distribution of sites with Wari-style 4-2. Distribution of sites with incised,
ceramics 69 early Tiwanaku-related ceramics 129
3-2. Distribution of sites with Arahuay A-l. Distribution of sites with shallow
ceramics 71 bowls 154
3-3. Distribution of sites with Qotakalli
ceramics 74
Back cover: Fragment ofa Paruro Formativeflaring bowl.
This study presents a new pottery sequencefor the Cuzco
region in the south centralAndes ofPeru. The investigation
was based on surface collections and test excavations con-
ducted in the Cuzco region from 1984 through 1987. The
archaeological survey, covering more than 600 square ki-
lometers, recorded the locations ofapproximately 250 sites,
which contained a total of450 cultural components. A new
ceramic chronology for the lnca heartland is proposed in
the conclusion to the study.