The Dynamic Firm: The Role of Technology, Strategy, Organization, and Regions PDF
Preview The Dynamic Firm: The Role of Technology, Strategy, Organization, and Regions
THE DYNAMIC FIRM This page intentionally left blank THE DYNAMIC FIRM The Role of Technology, Strategy, Organization, and Regions Edited by ALFRED D. CHANDLER, JR., PETER HAGSTROM and ORJAN SOLVELL OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS This book has been printed digitally and produced in a standard specification in order to ensure its continuing availability OXFORD UNIVERSITY PK.ESS Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sao Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © The various contributors, 1998 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) Reprinted 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer ISBN 019-829604-5 This book is dedicated to the memory of Gunnar Hedlund PREFACE This is an edited volume of the revised papers that originally were pre- sented at the Third Prince Bertil Symposium on the Dynamic Firm in Stockholm, June 1994. The symposium was organized by Professors Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Peter Hagstrom and Michael E. Porter of the Harvard Business School, Paul Krugman of the Massachusetts Institute of Technol- ogy, and Gunnar Hedlund and Orjan Solvell of the Institute of Interna- tional Business, IIB. The practical arrangements were assumed by IIB at the Stockholm School of Economics. A small number of scholars drawn from different disciplines were invited to present their thoughts on different approaches on the evolution of the firm. The main thrust of the symposium was to approach the firm from either a technological, strategic/organizational or geographical vantage point. The objective was to stimulate a creative discussion in order to take the first steps towards bridging these perspectives. The concluding session on the Dynamic Firm with Professors Alfred Chandler, Paul Krugman, Richard Nelson, Michael Porter and Nathan Rosenberg as panelists was particularly provocative, generating new insights on and ideas for an emerg- ing research agenda. The structure of the book reflects the three themes of the symposium, and the included papers have benefited from the input from designated reviewers and the ensuing exceedingly lively debate. Contrary to tradition, each paper was presented by the discussant and the author's role was relegated to that of participant, but with the right of first reply to the presentations. We hope that this book will trigger challenging new cross-disciplinary research regarding dynamic aspects of the firm: a topic hitherto under- researched and not well understood. The ambition to foster "transdis- ciplinary" research fits well with IIB's overall aim and scope, and owes much to Gunnar Hedlund who, very sadly, passed away in April 1997. Editorial and practical assistance by Ms Vanja Ekberg and Mr Niclas Lilja, both of IIB, and by Mr John Callow, are gratefully acknowledged. Finally, we would like to thank the Prince Bertil Foundation for pro- viding financial support for the symposium. Stockholm and Boston Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. April 1997 Peter Hagstrom Orjan Solvell ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Allen J. Scott, "The Geographic Foundations of Industrial Performance", Competition and Change, 1: 51-66. Reprinted by permission of Harwood Academic Publishers. Reprinted from Information Economics and Policy, Vol. 6, Cristiano Antonelli, "Localized Technological Change and the Evolution of Stan- dards as Economic Institutions", pp. 195-216, 1995 with kind permission from Elsevier Science-NL, Sara Burgerhartstraat 25,1055 KV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi, "A Theory of the Firm's Knowledge-Creation Dynamics", from The Knowledge-Creating Company by Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi. Copyright © 1995 by Oxford University Press. Used by permission of Oxford University Press, Inc. John Cantwell, "The Gobalization of Technology: What Remains of the Product-Cycle Model?", Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19:155-74, 1995. Used by permission of Oxford University Press. THE PRINCE BERTIL SYMPOSIUM 1994 Stockholm, 12-14 June 1994 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Harvard University Peter Hagstrom, Harvard University Gunnar Hedlund, Stockholm School of Economics Paul R. Krugman, MIT Michael E. Porter, Harvard University Orjan Solvell, Stockholm School of Economics SESSION I: REGIONS/STRATEGY AND ORGANIZATION Chairman: Gunnar Hedlund Discussants: Richard Nelson Jan-Erik Vahlne SESSION II: TECHNOLOGY/REGIONS Chairman: Paul Krugman Discussants: Michael E. Porter Nathan Rosenberg SESSION III: STRATEGY AND ORGANIZATION/ TECHNOLOGY Chairman: Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. Discussants: Giovanni Dosi Edith Penrose SESSION IV: SUMMARY SESSION ON THE DYNAMIC FIRM Chairman: Orjan Solvell Introductions: Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. Paul R. Krugman Richard Nelson Michael E. Porter Nathan Rosenberg LIST OF PARTICIPANTS THE PRINCE BERTIL SYMPOSIUM 1994 Stockholm, 12-14 June 1994 Stockholm School of Economics CRISTIANO ANTONELLI GIOVANNI DOSI Universita Degli Studi di Torino University of California at Berkeley NIKLAS ARVIDSSON IIB, Stockholm School YVES L. DOZ of Economics INSEAD CHRISTOPHER BARTLETT JOHN DUNNING Harvard Business School University of Reading MARIA BENGTSSON MICHAEL ENRIGHT Umca Business School, Harvard Business School Umea University MARIE-THJ!RESE FLAHERTY MAGNUS BLOMSTROM University of Pennsylvania Stockholm School of Economics TAKAHIRO FUJIMOTO STAFFAN BURENSTAM LINDER University of Tokyo Stockholm School of Economics MASAHISA FUJITA University of Pennsylvania JOHN CANTWELL University of Reading PETER HAGSTROM Harvard Business School ALFRED D. CHANDLER, JR. Harvard University GUNNAR HEDLUND IIB, Stockholm School of Economics BENJAMIN COR1AT University of Paris XIII, VERNON HENDERSON Villetaneuse Brown University JERKER DENRELL STAFFAN JACOBSSON IIB, Stockholm School of Chalmers University of Economics Technology
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