The Discovery Of Glyphocrangon Stenolepis Chace (Decapoda : Caridea : Glyphocrangonidae) From Taiwan And Japan, With Notes On Individual Variation

8 Pages·1998·2.7 MB·

by  T Komai

PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
llI(4):921-928. 1998.
The discovery of Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace
(Decapoda: Caridea: Glyphocrangonidae) from Taiwan and Japan,
with notes on individual variation
Tomoyuki Komai, Tin-Yam Chan, and Ding-An Lee
(TK) Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 955-2 Aoba-cho,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260, Japan;
(TYC) Institute ofMarine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
(DAL) Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute, 199 Ho-Ih Road, Keelung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
—
Abstract. Abundant material of Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace was
found off Taiwan. Supplementary specimens from the South China Sea and
Japan have made possible to redescribe this poorly known species. Remarkable
sexual differences in body sculpture and coloration are found in this species.
The paratype from the Sulu Sea has proven to represent a different as yet
undetermined species. Other morphological variations are discussed, and the
coloration is illustrated.
In his report on the glyphocrangonid and material has enabled us to diagnose the spe-
crangonid shrimps collected by the Philip- cies more precisely, and to extend its
pineA/Z?afro55 Expedition 1907-1910, Chace known geographical range northwards to
(1984) described Glyphocrangon stenole- Japan. The study of the material has shown
pis, based on two specimens, one from the that the species exhibits marked variationin
South China Sea, offPratas Islands, and an- body sculpture in males. Therefore, we pro-
other from north of the Sulu Sea, Philip- vide a full redescription of the species.
pines. The specimen from the South China Some important differences between the
Sea is the holotype. The paratype from the holotype and paratype noted by Chace
Sulu Sea is much smallerthan theholotype, (1984) indicate that the paratype represents
and appears to be ajuvenile or a young fe- another species, though its exact identity is
male. Although Chace (1984) noted some still uncertain.
differences between the holotype and par- The specimens, all collected by bottom
trawls, are deposited in institutions indicat-
atype, he interpreted them as size-related. ed by the following abbreviations: CBM,
The species has not been reported since the
Natural History Museum and Institute, Chi-
original description.
ba; NUF, National University of Fisheries,
Recentinvestigations by one ofus (TYC) Shimonoseki; NTOU, National Taiwan
has shown that Glyphocrangon stenolepisis Ocean University, Keelung; TFRI, Taiwan
conunon in offshore waters ofTaiwan. Fur- Fisheries Research Institute, Keelung
thermore, scientists from the Fisheries Re- Branch; USNM, National Museum of Nat-
search Institute of Taiwan collected four ural History, Smithsonian Institution,
specimens from the type locality, offPratas Washington, D.C. The terminology for the
Islands in 1996. Through the kind courtesy carinae and spines on the carapace follows
ofProf. K. Hayashi, a single specimenfrom Holthuis (1971) and Chace (1984). The ab-
the East China Sea, offJapan, has also been breviation cl indicates postorbital carapace
made available for examination. All this length.
922 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. L Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace, 1984. Animals in dorsal view, pereopods omitted. A, male from
off Ta-Shi, NE Taiwan, cl 14.1 mm, CBM-ZC 3614; B, female from off Su-Aou, NE Taiwan, cl 14.7 mm,
CBM-ZC 2935. Scale bar indicates 5 mm.
Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace, 1984 male (cl 11.3 mm), holotype (USNM
(Figs. 1-4) 205091). —
Other material. South China Sea. R.V.
Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace, 1984:22
(part), fig. 5 (not fig. 6; —Glyphocrangon F5i1s2hemr,ies23ReAsperarc1h99I6,,191°4m9a.l2e'N(,cl11141°.019.m3m'E),
sp.).
(TFRI); exact position unknown, 1996, 3
—
Type material. South China Sea. Pratas males (cl 13.6-14.8 mm) (TFRI).
Islands (Tungsha Tao), Albatross Stn 5300, Taiwan. Fishing pots, commercial trawl-
20°31'N, 115°49'E, 485 m, 8 Aug 1908, 1 ers, 300-500 m, sandy mud bottoms: Ta-
Fig. 2. Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace, 1984. Animals in lateral view, pereopods and pleopods omitted.
A, male from offTa-Shi, NE Taiwan, cl 14.1 mm, CBM-ZC 3614; B, female from offSu-Aou, NE Taiwan, cl
14.7 mm, CBM-ZC 2935. Scale bar indicates 5 mm.
VOLUME 111, NUMBER 4 923
BCDFHK
mm
2
M
EGIJLN
0.5 mm 1 mm 2 mm
Fig. 3. Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace, 1984. Male from off Ta-Shi, NE Taiwan, cl 14.1 mm, CBM-ZC
3614. Left appendages. A, antenna, ventral, setae omitted; B, third maxilliped, lateral; C, firstpereopod, lateral;
D, second pereopod, lateral; E, chela ofsame, lateral; F, thirdpereopod, lateral; G, tip ofdactyl ofsame, flexor;
H, fourth pereopod, lateral; I, tip ofdactyl of same, flexor; J, same, lateral; K, fifth pereopod, lateral; L, tip of
dactyl of same, flexor; M, endopod of first pleopod, ventral; N, appendices interna and masculina of second
pleopod, mesial.
924 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 4. Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace, 1984. A, ovigerous female fromTaiwan; B, male fromTaiwan; C,
male from Pratas Islands, South China Sea.
VOLUME 111, NUMBER 4 925
Shi, I-Lan County (northeastern coast), 25 1, 2) with anterior first (submedian) carina
Nov 1994, 3 males (cl 12.1-13.2 mm), 4 varying from slightly uneven to distinctly
ovig. females (cl 12.2-14.5 mm) (NTOU); 5-lobed; median area anterior to submedian
27 Apr 1995, 1 ovig. female (cl 13.9 mm), carina with single tubercle in midline; pos-
1 female (cl 15.4 mm) (NTOU); 13 June terior first (submedian carina) composed of
1995, 2 males (cl 13.3, 14.5 mm), 1 ovig. 2 elongate ridges. Anterior second (inter-
female (cl 15.0 mm) (CBM-ZC 3614); 3 mediate) carina composed of 3 obtuse
July 1995, 2 ovig. females (cl 13.6, 14.6 lobes; posterior second (intermediate) cari-
mm); 11 Mar 1997, 18 males (cl 11.4-16.1 na also 3- or 4-lobed. Intercarinal space be-
mm), 35 ovig. females (cl 12.3-16.0 mm), tween posterior first and second carinae
12 females (cl 11.0-16.0 mm) (NTOU); 10 usually with row of tubercles. Hepatic re-
males (cl 11.8-16.7 mm), 7 ovig. females gion with 2 or 3 tubercles; posterior third
(cl 13.6-17.5 mm), 3 females (CL 13.0- (antennal) carina 3- or 4-lobed. Anterior
13.4 mm) (CBM-ZC 3918); 25 Feb 1997, fourth (lateral) carina forming bilobate,
1 ovig. female (cl 14.2 mm) (NTOU); 4 wing-like expansion, terminating anteriorly
Dec 1997, 1 female (cl 11.7 mm) (CBM- in sharp point independent of branchioste-
ZC 3882); 1 June 1998, 3 males (cl 9.2- gal spine, arising from posterior to level of
13.0 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 15.7 mm) orbit, posteriorlobe in line withnon-dentate
(NTOU). Su-Aou, I-Lan County (northeast- anterior portion; posterior fourth (lateral)
em coast), 20 Apr 1985, 5 males (cl 12.4- carinainterruptedposteriorly, mostpartnei-
15.0 mm), 4 ovig. females (cl 13.0-16.0 ther dentate nor lobate. Anterior fifth (sub-
mm) (CBM-ZC 3615); 2 May 1985, 4 lateral) carina not prominent, nearly linear;
males (cl 12.5-13.1 mm), 5 ovig. females posterior fifth (sublateral) carina very short.
(cl 12.4-13.3 mm), 1 female (cl 11.4 mm) Sixth (submarginal) carina absent anterior-
(NTOU); 6 Aug 1996, 1 male (cl 13.9 mm), ly, indistinct posteriorly. Margins ofcarinae
2 females (cl 14.7, 15.3 mm) (CBM-ZC faintly erose. Antennal spines unarmed
2935); 7 Aug 1996, 1 male (cl 16.6 mm) marginally, less than 0.5 as long as and di-
(NTOU); 18 Nov 1997, 1 male (cl 9.5 mm) verging little more than anteriorly directed
(NTOU); 5 Dec 1997, 7 males (cl 10.3- branchiostegal spines.
14.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 15.2 mm) Abdomen (Figs. 1, 2) with ridges and tu-
(CBM-ZC 3901). Tong-Kong, Ping-Tong bercles on dorsal surface blunt or obsolete;
County (southwestern coast), 25 Feb 1995, prominence ofridges and tubercles variable
1 male (cl 12.5 mm) (NTOU); 30 May in males, well developed in females. First
1997, 1 male (cl 10.5 mm) (NTOU). somite with distinct submedian tubercles on
East China Sea. R. V. Tennyo-Maru, west posterior section of tergum in females,
of Tokara Islands, southern Japan, Stn T-2, sometimes faint in males; median carina
29°20'N, 127°26'E, 488 m, 1 male (cl 12.8 obsolete to distinct; transverse groove mod-
mm) (NUF). — erately shallow to faint. Broad median, sub-
Redescription. Integument not pubes- median and lateral carinae on second and
cent. Rostrum (Figs. 1, 2) curved dorsad third somites interrupted by transverse
anteriorly, 0.95-1.23 times as long as car- groove, distinct in females, sometimes ob-
apace, armed with 2 pairs of lateral teeth, solete or absent in males; median carina on
posterior pair (arising from posterior to lev- fourth somite distinct in both sexes, more
el ofposterior margin oforbit) more or less or less notched at anterior 0.3; fifth somite
reduced, sometimes barely discernible, nev- with prominent anterior tubercle and sharp
er acute; series of distinct transverse septa carina posteriorly along midline, latter
on anterior part of dorsal surface, median flanked by posteriorly divergent sharp ca-
carina present on distal portion and poste- rinae; sixth somite with median carina di-
rior portion between eyes. Carapace (Figs. vided in 2 by shallow, sometimes very
—
926 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Table 1. Glyphocrangon stenolepis Chace, 1984. Branchial formula.
Maxillipeds Pereopods
1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5
_
Pleurobranchs — 1 1 1 1 1
Arthrobranchs — —2 —1 1 1 1
Podobranch — — — —
Epipods 1 I —
Exopods 1 1 1
weak, notch anteriorly. Second somite with small subterminal spine, bearing few short
pleuron bearing 2 short, sometimes blunt bristles on extensor surface distally (Fig.
teeth and inconspicuous anterior lobe; pleu- 3J); propodus with distal setae. Fifth pereo-
ra of third, fourth and fifth somites each pod (Fig. 3K, L) generally similar to fourth
with 2 moderately short marginal teeth. pereopod; dactyl 0.4-0.5 times as long as
Eyes (Figs. 1, 2) moderately large for ge- propodi, lacking bristles on extensor sur-
nus, cornea lightly pigmented. face.
Antennular peduncle (Figs. 1, 2) over- Thoracic sternite deeply depressed in
reaching distal margin of scaphocerite by both sexes, anterior part of sixth thoracic
0.2-0.3 length of intermediate segment; sternite produced anteriorly as subtriangular
outer flagellum longer and thicker in males lobe; eighth sternite posteriorly with obtuse
than in females. Scaphocerite (Fig. 3A) median tubercle in males, unarmed in fe-
elongate oval, 1.95-2.37 times longer than
males.
wide, with small lateral tooth arising slight- Interlocking mechanism of carapace and
ly posterior to level ofmid-length, marginal
thoracic sternum well developed.
setae confined to blade distal to lateral First pleopod of male with well-devel-
tooth; carpocerite not overreaching distal oped appendix interna on endopod (Fig.
margin of blade.
3M), bearing rows of long setae basally.
Mouthparts typical of species in genus.
Appendix masculina of second pleopod
Third maxilliped (Fig. 3B) moderately
(Fig. 3N) reaching or slightly overreaching
stout, reaching or overreaching distal mar-
appendix interna, bearing numerous long
gin of scaphocerite; antepenultimate seg-
bristles terminally and mesially.
ment distinctly carinate dorsolaterally.
First pereopod (Fig. 3C) incompletely Branchial formula as shown in Table 1.
Eggs large and elongate oval, ranging
subchelate; ischium with distoventral por- mm
tion strongly produced. Second pereopods from 1.2 to 1.5 and 2.2 to 2.5 in short
(Fig. 3D) nearly equal, each with 23-27 axis and long—axis respectively.
Coloration. Females with body orange
carpal articles; chela (Fig. 3E) flattened,
with short fixed finger and strongly oblique brown, ridges and carinae somewhatorange
cutting edge. Third to fifth pereopods (Fig. to reddish. Antennular and antennal flagel-
3F, H, K) moderately slender, each with la, distal parts of pereopods, posterior mar-
subspatulate dactyl and merus longer than gin of abdominal tergites and posterior
carpus and propodus combined. Third pe- parts of tail-fan reddish. Meri of posterior
reopod (Fig. 3F) with dactyl 0.4-0.5 times pereopods and ventral parts of abdominal
as long as propodus, terminating in simple pleura slightly whitish. Eyes golden brown.
unguis (Fig. 3G); propodus with terminal or Eggs blue, and developed ovaries visiblein-
subterminal setae. Fourth pereopod (Fig. side carapace deep blue. Males with body
3H) with dactyl 0.6 times as long as pro- light brown to slightly whitish, and gener-
podus, terminating in small lobe mesiad to ally with color paler than females, particu-
VOLUME 111, NUMBER 4 927
larly those with less developed abdominal those shown in Figs. lA, 2A) fit well within
sculptur—e. the range observed in the Taiwanese mate-
Size. Males: cl 9.2-16.7 mm; females: rial. In addition, the coloration of the small
cl 11.0-17.5 raim; ovigerous females: cl Pratas male is very similar to that of some
12.2-17.5 mm. — males from Taiwan (Fig. 4B, C). Therefore,
Distribution. East and South China it is concluded that the Taiwanese and
Seas; 300-51—2 m; inhabiting soft bottoms. South China Sea specimens are conspecific.
Remarks. As previously mentioned, Nevertheless, it seems that for similar size
Glyphocrangon stenolepis was described males, those from Taiwan are generally
based on two specimens, the holotype from more sculptured than those from the South
offPratas Islands, South China Sea, and the China Sea. Perhaps more specimens, partic-
paratype from the Sulu Sea, the Philippines. ularly females, from the South China Sea,
The present material extends its geograph- will provide better insights on the geo-
ical range to southern Japan. Furthermore, graphical variations of this species. In ad-
this species is a conunon by-catch of the dition to the variability of the body sculp-
deep-sea commercial trawlers in Taiwan. ture, the material reported herein displays
This study has shown that the sculpture variation in other important features: the
ofthe carapace and abdomen ofthe species proportional length of the rostrum varies
is generally similar in females, whereas it from 0.95 to 1.23 times as long as the car-
is rathervariable in males. Infemales, teeth, apace; the posterior pair of the lateral ros-
tubercles, carinae and grooves on the cara- tral teeth are sometimes barely discernible,
pace and body are distinct (Figs. IB, 2B), as noted by Chace (1984), or are sometimes
whereas in males, these structures are fre- more prominent, showing as dentiform tu-
quently obsolete to faint (Figs. lA, 2A), or bercles (Fig. 2B); the posteriorfourthcarina
occasionally as distinct as in females. Also, is usually interrupted at near the posterior
there seems to be a relationship between end, and is rarely continuous.
body color and degree of development of As mentioned by Chace (1984), the elon-
abdominal sculpture in this species. The gate oval antennal scaphocerite, the config-
coloration of females is always orange to uration of the anterior fourth (lateral) cari-
orange brown (Fig. 4A). In males, however, na, the long branchiostegal spine and the
those with distinct abdominal sculpture septate rostrum immediately separate G.
have a similar coloration as in females, al- stenolepis from most other species of the
though those with eroded sculpture have a genus. Chace (1984) also noted that theju-
much paler coloration (Fig. 4B), and those venile or female paratype was different
of intermediate sculpture have intermediate from the holotype in the more outstanding
coloration. The holotype represents an ex- anterior tooth on the anteriorfourth (lateral)
ample of variation with least developed carina, the more strongly lobate posterior
body sculpture, with short longitudinal first, second and third carinae, and the more
ridges on the anterior abdominal tergites strongly sculptured abdomen. Except for
completely eroded, and the median carina the sculpture of the abdomen, the present
of the fourth abdominal tergite not inter- study found that those differences are con-
rupted (see Chace 1984:fig. 5). Although stant between the paratype and the present
the least sculptured Taiwanese specimens material of G. stenolepis, not associated
still have some traces of short longitudinal with growth as Chace suggested. The small-
ridges on the abdominal tergites (Fig. lA) est specimen in the present material is a
mm
and a small notch on the median carina of male of cl 9.2 from Taiwan, slightly
the fourth abdominal tergite, the abdominal larger than the paratype (cl 8.1 mm, USNM
sculpture ofthe three larger specimensfrom 205091). The smallest Taiwanese male has
the type locality Pratas Islands (similar to a well developed abdominal sculpture as in
928 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
females, and the appendix masculina ofthe Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
second pleopod is only slightly shorterthan Washington, D.C., for sending us the type
the appendix interna. Therefore, if the par- material of Glyphocrangon stenolepis on
atype belongs to the same species as the loan, and Prof. K. Hayashi of National
holotype, it should be a female. However, Fishery University, Shimonoseki, for mak-
none of the abundant females examined in ing available the specimen of the species
the present study show aprominent anterior from Japanese waters for study. Thepresent
tooth on the anterior fourth carina as in the study is supported by a research grant on
paratype. In addition to above differences, the decapod crustaceans ofTaiwanfromthe
the posterior part ofthe third abdominal so- National Science Council, Taiwan, R.O.C.
mite is more strongly elevated in the para-
type than in the holotype or all other spec- Literature Cited
imens of G. stenolepis. These differences
indicate that the paratype represents a dif- Chace, F. A., Jr., 1984. The caridean shrimps (Crusta-
ferent species. More material from the Sulu cea: Decapoda) ofthe Albatross Philippine Ex-
Sea is needed to determine the exact iden- pcerdaintgioonn,id1a9e07a-n1d91C0r,anPgaornti2d:aeF.am—ilSimeistGhlsyopnhioa-n
tity of Chace's (1984) paratype. Contributions to Zoology 397:i-iv, 1-63.
Holthuis,L. B., 1971.TheAtlantic speciesofthedeep-
Acknowledgments sea genus Glyphocrangon A. Milne Edwards,
We are most grateful to F. A. Chace, Jr, a1m88i1.DBeieopl-ogSiecaalErxepseudltistioofnst,heU7n5.iv—erBsuiltlyetoifnMio-f
and R. B. Manning, National Museum of Marine Science 21(l):267-373.