The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, Vol. 8: Sin-Taw

822 Pages·2011·49.51 MB·English

by  David J. A. Clines (ed.)

The Dictionary
of
Classical
Hebrew
Volume Vili
The Dictionary of
Classical Hebrew
Volume Vili
The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew
David J.A. Clines
Editor
Philip R. Davies J. Cheryl Exum John W. Rogerson
Consulting Editors
t James Barr, George J. Brooke, Graham I. Davies,
t John C.L. Gibson, Robert P. Gordon, William Johnstone,
Michael A. Knibb, Wilfred G. Lambert, t Raphael Loewe,
Alan R. Millard, Ernest W. Nicholson, Stefan C. Reif, John F.A. Sawyer
Editorial Board ofReference
Volume Vili
to-n
David Stec,
with
Jacqueline C.R. de Roo
Research Associates
Published under thè auspices of
The Society for Old Testament Study
and funded in part by thè Arts and Humanities Research Council
The
Dictionary
of
Classical Hebrew
David J.A. Clines
Editor
Volume Vili
fo-n
Sheffield
Sheffield Phoenix Press
2011
Copyright © 2011 Dictionary of Classical Hebrew Ltd
Published by Sheffield Phoenix Press Ltd
Department of Biblical Studies, University of Sheffield,
Sheffield S3 7QB, England
for Dictionary of Classical Hebrew Ltd
Typeset by thè Hebrew Dictionary Project
University of Sheffield
and
Printed on acid-free paper in Lightning Source Ine.
Originally published in hardback by Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2011
The Hebraica and Graeca II fonts used to print this work are available from
Linguist's Software, Inc., PO Box 580, Edmonds, WA 98020-0580, USA.
Tel [phone], www.linguistsoftware.com.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-907534-46-1
CONTENTS
Preface 7
Introduction 9
The Sources 13
Words Beginning with Sin, Shin and Taw in Order of Frequency 60
Abbreviations and Signs 102
fo Sin 105
Shin 201
n Taw 581
Bibliography 688
English-Hebrew Index 769

preface
It gives thè project team of thè Dictionary of Classical Hebrew great pleasure
to lay before its readership this, thè final planned Volume, of thè work. It is 23
years since thè work was undertaken (see thè Preface to Volume I for an
account of its origins), and 18 years since thè publication of thè first Volume.
We remain grateful to those public bodies and private individuals who have
supported thè work. The work of thè present Volume was funded in part by a
grant from thè Arts and Humanities Research Board (now Council) of
£542,816 mentioned in previous Volumes and in part by a grant of £40,000
from a private source (in addition to thè £325,000 mentioned in thè Preface to
Volume VII). For both of these grants we express our warmest appreciation
This Volume is rather longer than Volume VII, as was anticipated.
There are 1629 words (excluding cross-references) in this Volume compared
with thè 1489 in Volume VII; and thè number of occurrences of these words is
markedly greater than that of those in Volume VII (35,157 compared with
21,323). Volume VIII is consequently somewhat larger than Volume VII. There
are more bibliographical references (3375, as compared with thè 2064 in
Volume VII), more new words (583, as compared with thè 537 in Volume VII),
and more emendations (3317, as compared with 2414).
By counting thè number of occurrences of words beginning Sin-Taw
we can estimate thè relative length of thè corpora of Classical Hebrew. In
Volume VII we reckoned thè size of thè non-biblical corpora (Ben Sira, thè
Qumran documents and thè ancient Hebrew inscriptions) to be some 31.4% of
that of thè Hebrew Bible; for thè present Volume thè statistics show a result
that is very nearly thè same, 31.2%. That means that thè total amount of
Hebrew text in sources outside thè Bible (not counting thè biblical manu-
scripts from Qumran) is equivalent to about one-third of thè Hebrew Bible—a
fact, we suppose, that is not generally known. Further statistics on thè con-
tents of this Volume of thè Dictionary compared with previous Volumes may
The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew
be found in thè Introduction.
The work of preparing this Volume has falien to thè lot of two staff of
thè Dictionary project, to whose criticai acumen and dedication it is once
again a pleasure to pay tribute. David Stec has now been involved with thè
Dictionary for over 20 years, and continues to be thè indispensable mainstay
of thè enterprise. In this Volume, he is responsible for thè articles for Shin-
Mem to thè end of thè Volume, as well as for many other articles in other
places; he has also prepared most of thè articles arising from proposals for
'new words' in Biblical Hebrew, and revised most articles to his own impecc-
able standards. Jacqueline de Roo, a committed and valuable member of thè
staff who had worked on thè Dictionary since 2002, wrote most of thè articles
on Sin and on Shin-Aleph to Shin-Lamedh, before her appointment carne to
an end in March 2009. David Clines edited and proofread thè Volume, and
prepared thè Bibliography.
The work of thè Hebrew Dictionary project is not concluded with this
volume. We pian for thè coming years, first, a second edition of Volume I
(Aleph), which in several ways is not uniform with later volumes (not least in
thè absence of a Bibliography, and in its lack of reference to thè many
Qumran documents published since 1993). We are not planning to revise any
other volumes. Our second supplementary volume will be Volume IX
(Addenda and Corrigenda, and a complete English-Hebrew index, showing
beside each English word thè Hebrew it translates); we have already collected
almost 1000 proposals for new words that have come to light subsequent to
thè publication of thè Volumes. The third undertaking we have in mind will
be a revisi on of thè Concise Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, including all thè new
words not already in that volume, and of course all thè relevant corrections
and improvements made in Volume IX.
DJ AC
Sheffield
October 26, 2011
8
INTRODUCTION
The principles and procedures followed in thè previous Volumes of thè Dic­
tionary have been continued in this Volume without any substantive changes;
a few updates may, however, be given on matters that have featured in thè
Introductions to previous Volumes.
1. Occurrence Statistics
Some statistics of occurrences of words through thè series of thè seven
Volumes of thè Dictionary of Classical Hebrew to date, analysed by thè corpora
in which they occur, may now be presented:
Voi. BH Si as % Q as % Inscr as % Total as %
ofBH ofBH ofBH non-BH ofBH
I 61853 1422 2.3 7768 12.6 505 0.8 9695 15.7
II 138304 4264 3.1 27291 19.7 1941 1.4 33496 24.2
III 28104 1335 4.8 5641 20.1 507 1.8 7483 26.6
IV 77588 2373 3.1 15167 19.5 1531 2.0 19071 24.6
V 41012 1337 3.3 8116 19.8 665 1.6 10118 24.7
VI 38005 1344 3.7 9148 24.9 675 1.8 11167 30.4
VII 21323 872 4.1 5587 26.2 234 1.1 6693 31.4
Vili 26793 871 3.3 6789 25.3 704 2.6 8364 31.2
Total 432982 13818 3.2 85507 19.7 6762 1.6 106087 24.5
Occurrences by Corpus
The first column shows thè Volume number, thè second thè number of occur­
rences in Biblical Hebrew, Volume by Volume. In thè third column is shown
thè number of occurrences in Ben Sira, and in thè fourth thè percentage their
total constitutes compared with thè total of Biblical Hebrew occurrences. The
next four columns give thè corresponding data for Qumran and thè
Inscriptions. The last two columns show thè totals, Volume by Volume, for