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The Demise of Marxism-Leninism in Russia PDF

249 Pages·2004·1.32 MB·English
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St Antony’s Series General Editor: David Faure (2003–4), Fellow of St Antony’s College, Oxford Recent titles include: Archie Brown (editor) THE DEMISE OF MARXISM-LENINISM IN RUSSIA Thomas Boghardt SPIES OF THE KAISER German Covert Operations in Great Britain, 1901–1918 Ulf Schmidt JUSTICE AT NUREMBERG Leo Alexander and the Nazi Doctors’ Trial Steve Tsang (editor) PEACE AND SECURITY ACROSS THE TAIWAN STRAIT C.W. Braddick JAPAN AND THE SINO–SOVIET ALLIANCE, 1950–1964 In the Shadow of the Monolith Isao Miyaoka LEGITIMACY IN INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY Japan’s Reaction to Global Wildlife Preservation Neil J. Melvin SOVIET POWER AND THE COUNTRYSIDE Policy Innovation and Institutional Decay Juhana Aunesluoma BRITAIN, SWEDEN AND THE COLD WAR, 1945–54 Understanding Neutrality George Pagoulatos GREECE’S NEW POLITICAL ECONOMY State, Finance and Growth from Postwar to EMU Tiffany A. Troxel PARLIAMENTARY POWER IN RUSSIA, 1994–2001 A New Era Elvira María Restrepo COLOMBIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN CRISIS Fear and Distrust Julie M. Newton RUSSIA, FRANCE, AND THE IDEA OF EUROPE Ilaria Favretto THE LONG SEARCH FOR A THIRD WAY The British Labour Party and the Italian Left Since 1945 Lawrence Tal POLITICS, THE MILITARY, AND NATIONAL SECURITY IN JORDAN, 1955–1967 Louise Haagh and Camilla Helgø (editors) SOCIAL POLICY REFORM AND MARKET GOVERNANCE IN LATIN AMERICA Gayil Talshir THE POLITICAL IDEOLOGY OF GREEN PARTIES From the Politics of Nature to Redefining the Nature of Politics E.K. Dosmukhamedov FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN Politico-Legal Aspects of Post-Communist Transition Felix Patrikeeff RUSSIAN POLITICS IN EXILE The Northeast Asian Balance of Power, 1924–1931 He Ping CHINA’S SEARCH FOR MODERNITY Cultural Discourse in the Late 20th Century Mariana Llanos PRIVATIZATION AND DEMOCRACY IN ARGENTINA An Analysis of President–Congress Relations Michael Addison VIOLENT POLITICS Strategies of Internal Conflict Geoffrey Wiseman CONCEPTS OF NON-PROVOCATIVE DEFENCE Ideas and Practices in International Security Pilar Ortun~o Anaya EUROPEAN SOCIALISTS AND SPAIN The Transition to Democracy, 1959–77 St Antony’s Series Series Standing Order ISBN 978-0-333-71109-5 (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England The Demise of Marxism-Leninism in Russia Edited by Archie Brown Professor of Politics, Oxford University, and Fellow of St Antony’s College, Oxford in Association with Palgrave Macmillan © Palgrave Macmillan Ltd 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004 978-0-333-65123-0 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2004 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-0-333-65124-7 ISBN 978-0-230-55440-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230554405 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The demise of Marxism-Leninism in Russia / edited by Archie Brown. p. cm.– (St. Anthony’s series) “Successor volume to … ‘New thinking in Soviet politics’ … written in 1992”–preface. Includes bibliographical references and index. (pbk: alk.paper) 1. Liberalism–Russia (Federation) 2. Liberalism–Soviet Union. 3. Communism–Russia (Federation) 4. Communism–Soviet Union. I. Brown, Archie, 1938-II. Series. JC574. 2.R8D46 2004 320.947’09’049–dc22 2004051670 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 In affectionate and respectful memory of Alexander Dallin (1924–2000) and Alec Nove (1915–1994) This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface ix Notes on the Contributors xi Glossary xv 1 Introduction 1 Archie Brown 2 The Rise of Non-Leninist Thinking about the Political System 19 Archie Brown 3 The Rise of Non-Leninist Thinking on the Economy 41 Alec Nove 4 The Development of Russian Liberal Thought since 1985 51 Igor V. Timofeyev 5 Transforming the ‘National Question’: New Approaches to Nationalism, Federalism and Sovereignty 119 Gail W. Lapidus 6 The Rise of New Thinking on Soviet Foreign Policy 178 Alexander Dallin 7 The Development of New Thinking about World Communism 192 Alexander Dallin 8 Some Concluding Observations 207 T.H. Rigby Index 225 vii This page intentionally left blank Preface This book is a successor volume to a very much shorter (and now out- of-print) book, New Thinking in Soviet Politics, written while the Soviet Union was still in existence and published by Macmillan (now Palgrave Macmillan) in 1992. The chapters by the late Alexander Dallin and the late Alec Nove, to whom this book is dedicated and whose loss we still mourn, appear here with only minor changes from what they wrote at that time. They stand the test of time well and remain instructive and insightful. By far the greater part of the material in the chapters that follow is, however, published for the first time. Not only is The Demise of Marxism–Leninism in Russia a much longer book than its precursor but its lengthiest chapter deals with a major topic – liberal thought in Russia – that has received all too little attention and was not the subject of separate treatment in the earlier book. Thus, an important addition to the team of contributors to the previous volume is Igor Timofeyev who has produced a very substantial scholarly account of the rise of liberal thinking in Russia. There are several advantages bestowed by the passage of time. The period in which the Soviet Union changed out of all recognition, 1985–1991, and ultimately ceased to exist as a state, can now be seen as a whole and with additional time for reflection. Attention can also in the early years of the twenty-first century be paid to what has happened to Marxism–Leninism in post-Soviet Russia. The issue of whether Marxism–Leninism has really been consigned to the dustbin of history or whether it could make a comeback in Russia is addressed in more than one chapter. The book is not only about new ideas but also about the politics of intellectual innovation in the Soviet Union and Russia and the socio-political context in which ideational change occurred. On a technical point, the system of transliteration from the Russian language used in the titles of books and articles in the endnotes is the British Standard scheme, one that is also that employed by the American journal, Post-Soviet Affairs. In the text of the book, however, the system has been simplified in a number of ways, such as dropping the ‘i’ in ‘iy’ endings of proper names. Thus, ‘Valeriy’ becomes Valery and ‘Yavlinskiy’ becomes Yavlinsky. Some inconsistency is unavoidable, for while, in general, we have opted for the ‘y’ ending as in ‘Andrey’, ix

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In The Demise of Marxism-Leninism in Russia , distinguished specialists chart the rise of new thinking on the Soviet system and the decline and fall of Marxism-Leninism in the late Soviet period. They also discuss the failure of Marxism-Leninism to make a comeback in post-Soviet Russia. This book ma
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