The cost of competence: why inequality causes depression, eating disorders, and illness in women PDF
Preview The cost of competence: why inequality causes depression, eating disorders, and illness in women
The Cost of Competence This page intentionally left blank The Cost of Competence Why Inequality Causes Depression, Eating Disorders, and Illness in Women Brett Silverstein, Ph.D. Deborah Perlick, Ph.D. New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1995 Oxford University Press Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bombay Calcutta Cape Town Dares Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madras Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi Paris Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Copyright © 1995 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Silverstein, Brett. The cost of competence : why inequality causes depression, eating disorders, and illness in women / Brett Silverstein and Deborah Perlick. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-506986-2 1. Women—Mental health—Sociological aspects. 2. Sex role. 3. Achievement motivation in women. 4. Self-esteem in women. 5. Eating disorders. 6. Somatization disorder. 7. Depression, Mental. 8. Anxiety. I. Perlick, Deborah. II. Title. RC451.4.W6S58 1995 155.6'33—dc20 94-44235 135798642 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Dr. Stanley Schachter, who taught us to follow our noses and go where the data lead This page intentionally left blank hh The work described in this book was based on the efforts of a large number of women, primarily graduate students. They expended great effort working on the scientific studies cited throughout this book. They also spent many hours talking to us about their lives and those of their mothers. Their names appear in the References as coauthors of the cited studies, but a few deserve special mention because they have remained involved with the research over many years. Lauren Perdue, Shari Carpman, and Joanne Clauson are col- leagues, and friends, who have contributed much to this work. Richard Gordon and Rudolph Bell read an earlier version of the book and offered suggestions that have greatly improved it. Our editors at Oxford University Press have helped to whip this book into shape. Rosemary Wellner, the copy editor, smoothed out our language and tightened up our arguments. Joan Bossert, our editor, has been involved in every step of the writing and produc- tion of this book, and has greatly helped in shaping the final version. February 1995 B. S. Mamaroneck, New York D. P. This page intentionally left blank Contents Introduction, 3 Part I The Forgotten Syndrome 11 1 Curves and Competence, 13 2 The Disease of Young Women, 27 3 Depression, 46 4 Anxious Somatic Depression, 59 5 Tying the Knot: Marriage, Childbearing, and Sexuality, 73 Part II Females, Families, and Achievement 89 6 Daughters and Sons, 91 7 Idealized Fathers, Devalued Mothers, 104 Part III The Theory of Gender Ambivalence 115 8 Adolescence, 117 9 Gender Ambivalence, 127 10 Anxious Somatic Depression During Periods of Changing Gender Roles, 143
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