The Clockwork Muse: A Practical Guide to Writing Theses, Dissertations & Books

112 Pages·1999·8.536 MB·English

by  Eviatar Zerubavel

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THE
• ••• • • ••• • • •• • •• •• •• • •• • •• •• •••• ••• ••• •• •• • • •
A PRACTICAGLU IDET O WRITNIG
THESEDSI,S SERTATIAONNDBS O,O KS
• • • • • • • • • • ••• • • • • • • ••• • • •• •• • • •• • • •• • • • • • • • • •
EVIATAZRE RUBAVEL
H ARVARD UNIVE RS ITY P RE SS
Cam brMiadsgsea,c hta1nsdLe otntdsoE,11 11,g l1a91919d
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
• • • • • • " • • • • • • • • ♦ ♦ • • ,. .. • • • • .. • • •
ontents
.. • .. • , • • • • • • • • • ♦ • • • • .. • • • • • • • • •
Ac1i11ov.1
ledg1-r1e11ts
1 TChleo ckwMourske
1
2 ThWer itSicnhge dule
14
SettPirnigo ritie
Se
TheW ritin1g0 n
AT ime
toW rite
ldeaanlCdso nstraints
Quiet
Times
KeepYionuMgro me11tun1
A-Tiann1Bd - Time
3 AM ountwaiitSnht ai3r6s
DivaindCdeo nquer
ThOeu cline
DraafntRd e vi
ions
. .. .. ... .. .. . .,. .. . . . . .. . ... . . .. . .
... ...
4 TheP rojTeicmte table
56
EstimLaetnigntgh
Pacing Yourself
Deadline
5 TheM echaonfiP crso gr8e1
Gettitnagr ted
MoviAnlgo ng
Closing
StoraangRdee t1ieval
RoaMda pasn Bde nchmarks
Dic iplinFel eaxnidb ilit
Note
101
I11dex
109
C H A P T E R 1
..
.. ... ,... . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . .
.
�
use
e
• • • • • •• • • • • • • • •• • • •• • • • • • • • • •
litas l mois1tn potsols iiivbntel h ee mowdoerarln1dnd1 o t
havteow riTtheii.sps a rticturluiyafeor aulr yae s tudent,
ana dn1iniosrast crhaotnlooratt,rom , e ntaip orno fessional
writer.
Unofr tunwartietiliasynn ,ag c titvhitatetyn desv otako e
considaemroaubnlaten xoifoe fttryee,ns uilntt ihpneag r a­
lytciocn dictoimomnok nnloywa nsa ' 'wrbiltaecTrkh'.is"s
iess pectiraiuylfeol ayur weo rkoinln ogn pgr ojsetctatcssh
ag rapnrto poasnaa nln,ur aelp oorrast e,n tihoerns oittso ,
mentaid oonc tdoirsasle rotraba otoiko.n
Sucahn xiuentfyo,r tudnoaentsone tel cesgsoaa rwialyy
y,
asy ogua imno rper eosfs ieoxnpaelr aisaew nrcietE evre.n
seaswornietdse tdrirsle lha adv it1os1 tgaf rrtos mc raotnac h
r
nebwo okkn,o wtihntaght ea yrp er obsaebvleyyre aaalrw sa )
frocmo 1nplTehtisisio tnu.ai tsei voemnno rdea ttnotfi ng,
courfsoerr,e latiinveexlpye r\ivetniwctheeodar rsje u st
abotuolt a untchlef1ii rmr asjtpo rro ject.
. .
. .. .
• • •
2 T·H E CLOCKWORK MUSE ·
?
Wl1ile retchoasgtun caihnz xii11e11tg1V) aeryI\ )V'eb lel an
ineviptaaorbftpl reo dt1cid1i1sgs etrhatenasbdteo isoo,kn ss,,
I1 1ertvle1terltyeoo s fesfrp rospe\cvtriivvtaeer rissot trtast e­
gioefsc opiwnigtt ll1a1 nixsyi i entt h1e1 1eofsfte mcatninveer
int lb1oiosTk l.1 Ius sp,e cifaidcdar1clsys pdsci)hfof1iocgu­lt
1
ical prsoubcallsle1 1n a1vsi 11\gV ipttrohe sdase1uat1rlide 1 11id­
ita)s\' V ealspl r ocrasat1ib1nudar tniooIlun it k.e \vtios e
li)'
ofefr\ vriptrearcst icalt ocs ooml1t1l11ot0gti1iipo1csrn osb lems
sttacshh o wt o1 11deeeatd lhio1wt1 ofie nstd,h tei 1t1ow1 rei te
evei11e11x tredmee1l1)1'ja onsbdi it1111gaa nthdio o\tnvois n,t e­
grattle1, evirrii tnittnhorge e osftt h epierr sionnvao}l vements
and scoocmimailt 1s1oa1 ste o1n 11tasi namt oaribena lanced
lfie .
Thbeo obku ioldnts h feu ndampernetmatilhs atet1 ,n less
11oiv
weI eahro1wt1 oo vercporno1belh eanv1itsnod g o\ Vith
?
we\ Vr,ivtmeea ,yn e\b'eae brlt eof ocoun\s v l\1Vaaect t ttall)
wanttow riatbeo uAtss. t tcdh,,v eslplesc ifiocnta hlel )'
it
''procaesdpuerocafttl hs'pe 'r ocoefps rso duac1 i1n1ga nu­
scriHpetni.ct eps a rticcounlcawerir to1lu111r 1 eteodd e velop
bet\tVeorhr akb (iat1sc1 odn,s equteoa1 l1rsteolg y'a,'r \dv titer's
r
blacak1'1p'dr ocrasatsit 1e1calt1ri1ao1tnith cheaarsl1 t 1r ictl)
ps)rcl1porloobgliec1anls ).
Goo\dv ohrakb ii1t1sc elfufdeec tive) erhtahpes
l
pla111,1 i11
g
ketyog ainbientgct oe1r1 otvre0or1l 1 wer'ist Iint1 h1bigos.o k
II Jreass eeo1tf1s tt ratfeopgrli aensn )i1\1Vgr ibtoit1l11g ,
10t1r
generaanldal tty h lee vealn p)o'af r tipcruoljaTerlc 1te.s e
stratreegvioaelrsvo eta tp 1a1rdt iacsupleoacftrt h \eV riting
proctehsaistsr areexlpyl 1ia cdidtrlci)snos uetrcr la ia1s1 i11g
writne,r1smt,eh l,e)v 1ai }1,1v hiictshe 111oprograa1111i)zed.
it
1 1
T
AsI s l1dael1ln o11sftorcatttscsp ie1c1igfo inct ahlils)
b)'
negledcit1c1d1 oefno stlitiorafn s\c v riatnee frfse,tc etmi-ve
·· · · · · ·· ···· T··H EC LOCKWORKM USE · 3
it
poroarlg aniozfoa utwrir oi1t1i nlg1 e1cl1ap11 af1ka elr e ss
streasnstdfh uthl1e slu psa cconp1eprlsiaosnnhpda r lo fes­
siognoaalwl ems i gohtth ercwoinsseti octloaeulrotl fo y u r
reach.
Thkee tyoa ne ffetcetmipvooerr gaaln iozfoa utwrir oint ­
inlgi ienos n oeft hmeo srte mariknavbelneot fWi eosntse rn
le.
civilinzaant1tieholeny , Original})' i11troduced
ti111e
scJ1cd1«
.
. . - .
. . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. .
ti sm et11odai1c11a�dl0 1111ettsi1s111 11aietzl apt io11
prodtihlecdseie sss,c 1a,1.b1todao tAli1io1is1idt.1s s ,
11s
t1t1ies1 cn1e1 ae1dt1t1dtt1 ilene 1 te1t11a1abuetlslb e pr i11g
,.
t11ie11o11utw1ro,i ting.
. . . .. .. . . . .. . . ..
. . - . . .. . . .. . . .
fiftceeennt uargbioye a snI talmoinaaknsp arotfa l arger
attetmorp otu tianntdih zeer seybsyt edmaaitmlioyzn ea stic
lei,f the hsaccslh eebdaeurclloeyom neoe ft hceo rnteoerns s
1
ofm odelrinfA en.da lthuonulgSihak ieBn etn ehdiimcste lf
1d on orte graorudt înaisaz nai tdiepoarnli ncfiooprrl gea ­
nizoiunlrgi viengs e ne(raanwldo utlhde rneefovrreeerc ­
it,
ommeanpdp lyfionergx ant1ops l·eua,cc ht ia,slr iisttieens­
intgom usoircm akilnogv 1ed )or, e giatar sdo noef the
mosetf femcetaionvfseo rganoiuzri nwgr iptrioncge-sas
thaftom,ra noyfu sm,a yn evyeire alc do 1npplreotdeudc t
unlsetsrsu cmteutrheodd liitcms ae ltlhyo.d iacnardlo 1u1­ess
tinizianot tihowenor,r dtsh,hae tl upsp rodtuhceesd eiss,­
sertaatnibdoo nosAk,ns di.i t s ttihmseec l1eadluowlniegt, h
tirr1etable,
itfsu nctcioounsailn thteh haet1 upsbs r itnhge m
inotuowr r iting.
· · · ·
4 ·· HrE CLO CK \ \0' R KU S M·E ·
• • •
Needtloes sats)h 'e,ir ase ni nhetree1111bstei to\nrv oete1n-
tiannesd p ontaannedi twyr,ia tcicnogr d\iaVnnis ctcehh ed­
uleasn d ti111etthaawbnhl eeynso stri1a1 tn'l1'1)tgeloery t
it''
y
certaa]i1sn1ol1 yai 1tk 1e1slt e1sscpslo 1n ta2n Teho\etr elirsd.ea
ofe stablricsglt"'11'ilrnaigtrt i imncegls e acrolnyt r\avsittsh
ouvri soifwo rni t(ioe1r11 1gg aignai nonytg h cerre aatcitviev ­
ity0)1 1\lvyh 'e'ni nspSiurbemdi.t)'t''iO nugir nsa es lefl f­
discip1l1i11at1noe1t d1e e1r1 1rpoourtacilen retsa uin1d1elr)­
1
mintelsc1 oem 11R1o0111111 am1a1ogtftei h bceo l1e\11\1·1iitaen1 ·
1
whof orgsotersu citn0u 1r·etd oae crc om11e1sosdeanttei all)r
unscheodtu1ltebdou fcr rsetaset 1i1veer gy.
Ac areefxta11l1 1oifan catt,uivaorl1i \1tv eohrraskb' ih tos,,v ­
evesrt,r osnugglgyte hsasttus c ahni 11i1bsa) gae1 l1adr ag e
1
mytVhc.1 f-e)w writcsridst< .at1cow\t rvuinaot lnellw yyh en
1
thefyep ealr ticiu1l1asrFplui)rr'te hde.ir itmas or raetd,la 1ne­r
geromtyltSh , is1tin nilcgeeha >tTod ut ow illirneglliyn qt1ish
mt1ocftlh 1ce o 11ytorcuoa hlna \o'vee) r' Owurri tbiyon pgt i11g
tor eoln)s ro 1t1l1le) 'aSntrdea rtichoaetpr1r si' c'imotttil1s1sea 't'
r
yo1t1l1a act)t'e1 naclolt)t1J1e1rtalce 1orau pposlft e i 1an) e'se ar.
Whilec as1o1m etaifmfetosodr do \svoh weo1r1k oinn g
)'Ott
as l1pooreta1 t 1,1v,o -epsasogaraey n ,o p-peide wcaei,t tion g
be is so111e\vhat
strtbtic1k1 spirobari\tOiuoS1l)1r i111practical
)1
whe)7n0 ua rtefi )1t1opg r odatf 1uclel -flmeadsgtteehdre 'ssi s,
1
doctdoirsasle rotrba otoiSko1.n1 J,cJ lr1o rjeeqct1t11sit r1e1 11er­
ous ,vsreistsiiano1gni1 sftd, l 1\oVseetr ote a kpel a0c1e1 ly
\vhena cytotfue1 eallli l,k)ver ittli111ie11g)1gl·,1 tb ec o111-
11e,,er
1
pleattae idDl e.r o111an\tViTciiptzriio1nci1getsg sh tseh rec fore
ofu t1nio1sntp orttoaa nnwycr ei itnet rl 111e1 aak1i1intdg ,
basicchaallll)te'hn ,egv ea\s)V t'er aditaisosnoacclirlae)tae­
1
tiv,ivtisytt hr t1cttalnrsdcp loenstsa1n1ecists) ·.
\.Vriatcicnogr c,il,taalnt 1ic ncs1 ceh cdotf1fleccro sn -
1
itl
t1s
• • • • • •
· · · TH·E C·L OC·K \VORKM USE · 5
sideardavbalnet Paegreh1san.poi ssm tp oritnta1 natik,ate s
loeta sfioeurrst oe staab lirsohtt 1htactin nseut rhea\stV e
V.'Oitn1dlede tdow rgieAttsae n.y o\nvehe ox erocrip sleasy s
thpei ao1na1r 0e gublaaskri1 s1 oswcsh,e drtotult1eindn aekse
imtu ceha stio�e ·rtg oe'tt� h id,novgm esi gohtth enlveiasvee
l'
ouotfo udra illi}vaelst ogIcyfto hcuea rn.n' o•tft ihtneid m e''
• • •
• • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • •
-- --
ya ltliot1to,1 vig1t ia1 1sgpe ci0fi1icv edcali�llyy
--
ti1s1l1aosc tc ,l 1ce1d1c1ssttt llty1c1oa ,1tvL gi elttlod oi t
#
01a11 e gtbtalsai,s,.
. . .. . .. ... . .. .. . . ..
. . .. ... . . . .
to \y\o'wtri1iml toles l,ti kdeilsyec rto l\1bayet s,t ablai shing
1
reguwleaerks lcyh etdhuialntec ljtutfsdoter st ym-infuitvees
ofw riteivneTgrt y1 easndFdar yi 1d1ay1 orfnoeirx1 a11gn,p le,
B)'
youw iilnle vi1t1a1balt1yog1 eastgo en 1e dworn!ie t ing
allottowt rii1t1aigs n pge c(idfaioicr,l vye ctkil1synl)eoa t ,
scheednusluetr heyasotw u i ilnld eetdod oigoten atr egular
basis.
Furthesrcmlo1reehd,e ullupissin ngt egortwatrtri et ing
mucmho reef fecitnittvhoere le oysf ot u lri Afsea .m athe-
1naticallyv a1rniaat1bi1lmiieaespp, ueelrcaf1tb 1 l1eef doiru m
3
establpiirsohriinatgni dei s1,1 volvteh1aa1tr1 meeo nrtes
i1npotrout saa rnuets uaall]tsyho o fsoewr l 1wieca hl low
1notriem( eT.ln 1ue1 1o1fhb oetrc1 hrisl sdpreeennvd e wreye k
inm atah1 1dc laarsftsoe erxs a,1 inispn ldei,c oaftth rieev lea ­
tirvees ptehcotts ,e:vs ou bjseecettmsoc o111imnta hned
schocoulr rictItnfl aucimtti., s) lt1oia 1r1d1 aam goirnee
4
r
e[fewcatoyifs v yes temraetgiuclaoaluvtlrai) rnigiov nuo sl ve-
6 THE C L OK\C \ .K �0Ut S RE· · ·· ··· ··· ···· ·
T
111ienln itIfs'fe i" .t itnhgba oto okrd issertiantdiesoeond is
mucmho rien 1potroyt oatun hta ,nv atctheilneg\o 1r. sion
T
readtihnnege ,,rfsoperax pae·rm,,op ucl aecn,e rtraniankle) ·
surteh�r otuhguehs ea s ocfh edtuhl)ae't,aO cUt u1a allllo),v
r
imtu cmho rtei mteh a·no aul ltoh,le,a ttetrhs.ea mBe) ·
1
,.
tokie)fn', \O a\un ttoe 11stuhra)et"d OoUn ostp eonnd} "Our
i
,,Timtoirtneig mt eh a)n'd OoUo np l.an\g\ r)i.·tochuh ri ldren,
1
T
)"cOatq1lu1 i etaesa irlr)atnhg,ae,t , itho fats hceh ehdeullpe .
Folloa,s 'vcihnegdi unsl heo,hr etl,tp 1assl loocua,rt, ea ri­
ouisn 0,1,,eimnet nhtes exact ,p\rd·oeeps oairnrtdei ons
1
thersetbra)in'k eo pbtailna1anamcloe nt gh el1at1l 1as.lol o,,·s
5
., r
ust oo ragnitzheo isnoe,l e,menitnas c cor,d,ainaptc rhee ­
deter1sntirnuecodtfp u rrieo rriatttihheeasbrne a tt hmee rC)'
ofo ucro nstcahnatnlg,)i,·n, g. hims.
lnf acbt)m,"a kiinetga sfioeurrst oa ctudailsle)n·t angle
ou,r· ardiaoiualsn) d\� \ "eaecktli),f''r iootmni ee sa nother
T
T
(theunss urtihna,ght,a ,t, n·oer madlool n)\ "e\ dnesda)'
111orf1o1erix 1a1mgp,..sol, ,te 1,nl ed,c ·oenrf \l\ii,ct,th· hat ,,·e
usu·ad lool nT hursadfat)e·m ,o6 socnhse)d aullasilonl go ,,·s
1
us1 0b em orceo mforitt1oa1lb\,li,)nee· ad co hft he,m, �ithout
.,.
feeltihpnerg e sfsruoroneu1i r n o,l,·einnt1 heoent thseA r s.
schedhuellaepb su s,· pprrooftheeeshcrsit og rth rle)a·s ured
y T
,r,ittiinmge tfhrceoo mm pedteimnagn odfhs e \ra rious
r
teachainndag d miniesd turtainteoistt,,o m entitohno se
in,,oilnb, e·iaen1 dg1 1oatnhade, r, ,.litlf iek.e h,e,l'api ss e
T
studpernottt ehcteti mheen eetdos spone, ni,dt' ihnigs
doctdoirsasle rftraottmhci eoo mnp edteinn1goa 1fr1fid esn ds,
arihoo1b1bsai neadsp ,a rt-jtoibI1.nfn aeca tsJ, o hBna rth
1
\
ren1lilniSdet,s, ,heenl\ p\sTÏ teenrgsai gnse o me\d\i'fhfaetr ­
enkti nodf\s V ri�t�iFnmogou:nr 1 ia\1 \1·g.se. e.kn 1atk1ep
(I]
a1s1eddt o ,f\frsint) a"ri inape lse a,s,a,nhhtoi utisente h cei t)'
·· · · · · · · · · · ··· THE CLOCI<WORK 7
MUSE ·
ofB alti.1.1.1 To[hr Ouenr lse dvaeyn1 i11w11iygaf s1e I1 d dr ive
acrtohsCesh esapBeaBa}rkied ag} e) lteora eshdao 1uo1snte
1
LangfCorre.de. kw. l 1oenrF erd ia1y1 1or.n.Ii.r n ergfes s h
hea\d\, 'siotmohet hero fss eo1r1tt e11pcree-fmearkaibnlg},'
n1y'
nonfic't'ion.
7
Yet schaeldhsueoll eipnnssg ut rhoeau tr invoilnv einent
writ,ivnognu olstdo mehtoawko cv etrhr ee sott ltoeirfI.f n
provioduwirrn igt, ivnisgto hms et ru(catntudhr eer aelfsoor e
s01l1i1meii thtse )lu,psn s 1 askuetr lew1 ea\ tv oaullgsdeo tt o
do0 1a1r egublaasorit sht elr1 biensgisjcl tet\ssV tT iatnidn g
thcrleeb1ay1d 1 woerlel -rboaulndale1id1v,cRe eesdg. tw 1rliatr­
insgc hedfuoelrxe sa,n c1aphnle elu,ps1 11aair netlaaitni vely
solfiadn a1nisdlo yc liiafle w wewh reiAntf eta.el lrli ,mk aen y
othaedrd iicntviovle vewmreintotitfsne 1,ngn aukses so rne­
whadti fftiobc eau rlotu (nndot tom entliiowvnie t fhr)o m
ourro omrnpaatretsnc'eh,ri sl'do,rrf e rni'essnt,da sn'd point.
Icta anl msaok ieqt u tied ifffiomcrau ylnw t r itteohr osla d
stejaodbyW. r itiina1 c1cgo rdwait1ah1 cree gular schedule
witsh0 1bnuei l't'-birnca akhnee sla'pl' l evipartoeb lseumcsh
tos o1enxet ent.
Irnpoars eignugtl eamrp osrtarulc wtiutcrhee r tlaiimni ts
ono ur warlihsteoil nppgrs o tuesfc rtov ma rilo1tep1arslo tbh­
lemgse nerbayut nesudtc rtulrievdWi hnegwn.e a rdee eply
engroisnos uewrdr t iinwgeo, f tteennt dof orgoo nnlaoy t
morbea lafnac1e1d1 ilyl ibafu1eat1 l drs eosg ouecltaiaiarnl g
ansdl eeppaitntgie nor rndste oar c co1no1donautiren tense
outbuorfcs rtesa etnievrWeg l1yi.vl eerr yo ma1s1utcaih c ,
'n1awnoirsckt' yc'la rena rbeesl uys tamiankeiid1st,1o gm e­
4
whaitm prafcotarin c)a'wlOh noie ts rytiow1 r1igat t eh esis,
ad isserotraab toiookn.,
Furthesrumciohnr tee,on usteb uorfcs rtesa tairvvee irtyy