Table Of Content

A l e x a n d e r a n d T o g n The Civil Sphere a t o in Latin America Th e C Edited by Jeffrey C. Alexander i v and Carlo Tognato i l S p h e r e i n L a t i n A m e r i c a TheCivilSphereinLatinAmerica Social thinkershave criticizedLatin Americandevelopment as incom- plete, backward, and antimodern. This volume demonstrates that, whileoftendeeplycompromisedandfragmented,LatinAmericancivil sphereshaveremainedresilient,institutionallyandculturally,generat- ing new oppositional movements, independent journalism, rebellious intellectuals, electoral power, and critical political parties. In widely differentarenas,dissidentshaveemployedthecoruscatinglanguageof thecivilspheretopollutetheiroppressorsinthenameofjustice.Inthe 1970sand1980s,politicalthinkersheraldedtheresurrection ofLatin Americancivilsociety,envisioninganewworldoffreedomandstabi- lity.Corruption,inequality,racism,andexclusionbecomepressingand urgent“socialproblems,”notdespitethepromisesofdemocracy,but becauseofthem.ThepremiseofthisvolumeisthatLatinAmericancivil spheresarepowerful,evenastheyarecompromised,creatingchallenges to anticivil culture and institutions that trigger social reform. It is the firstofthreevolumesthatplacecivilspheretheoryinaglobalcontext. JeffreyC.Alexander,LillianChavensonSadenProfessorofSociologyat Yale,istheauthoroftwentybooksandeditoroftwenty-fivemore.Heis one of the creators of contemporary cultural sociology, founder and director of the Yale Center for Cultural Sociology, and coeditor of TheAmericanJournalofCulturalSociology. Carlo Tognato is Associate Professor of Sociology at the National University of Colombia, Bogota. He is the author of Central Bank Independence:CulturalCodesandSymbolicPerformances(2012)and editor of Cultural Agents Reloaded: The Legacy of Antanas Mockus (2017). The Civil Sphere in Latin America Edited by JEFFREY C. ALEXANDER YaleUniversity CARLO TOGNATO NationalUniversityofColombia,Bogota UniversityPrintingHouse,Cambridgecb28bs,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,ny10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,vic3207,Australia 314–321,3rdFloor,Plot3,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre, NewDelhi–110025,India 79AnsonRoad,#06–04/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781108426831 doi:10.1017/9781108685245 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2018 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2018 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabySheridanBooks,Inc. AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData names:Alexander,JeffreyC.,1947–editor.|Tognato,Carlo,editor. title:ThecivilsphereinLatinAmerica/editedbyJeffreyAlexander,CarloTognato. description:Cambridge,UnitedKingdom;NewYork,ny:CambridgeUniversityPress, 2018.|Includesbibliographicalreferences. identifiers:lccn2017053773|isbn9781108426831(hardback) subjects: lcsh:Civilsociety–LatinAmerica.|Democracy–LatinAmerica.|Latin America–Socialconditions–1945–1982.|LatinAmerica–Socialconditions–1982– classification:lccjl966.c5882018|ddc306.2098–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2017053773 isbn978-1-108-42683-1Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof URLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Toourchildren,theirchildren,andourstudents Letuscontinuetostrive togetherforamoreinclusive,democratic,and peacefulfutureforusall. FernandoHenriqueCardoso Contents ListofFigureandTables pageix NotesontheContributors x PrefaceandAcknowledgments xv Introduction:ForDemocracyinLatinAmerica 1 JeffreyC.AlexanderandCarloTognato part i scandals and civil indignation 17 1 TheCivilSphereinMexico:BetweenDemocracy andAuthoritarianism 19 NelsonArteagaBotelloandJavierArzuagaMagnoni 2 ShapingSolidarityinArgentina:ThePoweroftheCivil SphereinRepairingViolenceagainstWomen 39 MaríaLuengo 3 CivilIndignationinChile:RecentCollusionScandalsinthe RetailIndustry 66 MaríaAngélicaThumalaOlave part ii militancy, civility, and polarization 93 4 LaJovenCuba:Confrontation,Conciliation,andtheQuest fortheCivilthroughBlogging 95 LilianaMartínezPérez 5 ¿LaClaseMediaenPositivo?:TheCivilandUncivilUsesof “theMiddleClass”inVenezuela,1958–2016 118 CelsoM.Villegas 6 TheCivilLifeoftheUniversity:EnactingDissentand ResistanceonaColombianCampus 149 CarloTognato vii viii Contents part iii law, order, and solidarity 177 7 PoliceOfficersinContradiction:CivilityandAnticivilityinthe SãoPauloStateMilitaryPolice 179 MayumiShimizu 8 CitizenshipandtheEstablishedCivilSphereinProvincialMexico 206 TrevorStack part iv commentary and conclusion 229 9 Commentary:IsCivilSocietyDangerousforDemocracy? NewDirectionsforCivilSphereTheoryinLatinAmerica 231 IsabelJijón Conclusion:DemocracyandtheCivilSphereinLatinAmerica 240 PeterKivistoandGiuseppeSciortino Index 255