The Civic Culture Transformed From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens PDF
Preview The Civic Culture Transformed From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information TheCivicCultureTransformed FromAllegianttoAssertiveCitizens This book reevaluates Almond, Verba, and Pye’s original ideas about theshapeofacivicculturethatsupportsdemocracy.Marshalingamas- sive amount of cross-national, longitudinal public opinion data from theWorldValuesSurvey,theauthorsdemonstratemultiplemanifesta- tionsofadeepshiftinthemassattitudesandbehaviorsthatundergird democracy.Thechaptersinthisbookshowthatindozensofcountries aroundtheworld,citizenshaveturnedawayfromallegiancetowarda decidedly “assertive” posture to politics: they have become more dis- trustful of electoral politics, institutions, and representatives and are morereadytoconfronteliteswithdemandsfrombelow.Mostimpor- tantly, societies that have advanced the most in the transition from an allegiant to an assertive model of citizenship are better-performing democracies–intermsofbothaccountableandeffectivegovernance. Russell J. Dalton is a professor of political science and the founding directoroftheCenterfortheStudyofDemocracyattheUniversityof California,Irvine.HisrecentpublicationsincludeCitizenPolitics,sixth edition (2013); The Apartisan American (2012); Political Parties and DemocraticLinkage(2011);andTheGoodCitizen(2009).Daltonhas alsoeditedorcoeditedmorethanadozenvolumes,includingCitizens, Context and Choice (2011); Party Politics in East Asia (2008); and Citizens,DemocracyandMarketsaroundthePacificRim(2006). ChristianWelzelisaprofessorofpoliticalscienceandchairofpolitical culture research at the Center for the Study of Democracy, Leuphana University.HeisalsoaforeignconsultantfortheLaboratoryofCom- parativeSocialResearchattheHigherSchoolofEconomics,St.Peters- burg, Russia. He is a former president of the World Values Survey Association. Welzel’s recent books include Freedom Rising: Human Empowerment and the Quest for Emancipation (Cambridge, 2013, winner of the Alexander L. George Award and the Stein Rokkan Prize); Democratization (with Ronald Inglehart, Christian Haerpfer, and Patrick Bernhagen, 2009); and Modernization, Cultural Change andDemocracy(withRonaldInglehart,Cambridge,2005). © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information OtherWorldValuesSurveyBooksfromCambridgeUniversityPress ChristianWelzel,FreedomRising:HumanEmpowermentandtheQuestfor Emancipation,2013(winneroftheAlexanderL.GeorgeAwardandthe SteinRokkanPrize). DohChullShin,ConfucianismandDemocratizationinEastAsia,2012. PippaNorris,DemocraticDeficit:CriticalCitizensRevisited,2011. PippaNorrisandRonaldInglehart,CosmopolitanCommunications:Cultural DiversityinaGlobalizedWorld,2009. RonaldInglehartandChristianWelzel,Modernization,CulturalChangeand Democracy,2005. PippaNorrisandRonaldInglehart,SacredandSecular:PoliticsandReligion Worldwide,2004. RonaldInglehartandPippaNorris,RisingTide:GenderEqualityandCultural ChangearoundtheWorld,2003. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information The Civic Culture Transformed From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by RUSSELL J. DALTON UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine CHRISTIAN WELZEL LeuphanaUniversity,Lu¨neburg © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107682726 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2014 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2014 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Thecivicculturetransformed:fromallegianttoassertivecitizens/editedbyRussellJ.Dalton, ChristianWelzel. pages cm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-1-107-03926-1(hardback)–isbn978-1-107-68272-6(paperback) 1.Politicalculture. 2.Politicalparticipation. 3.Politicalpsychology. 4.Democracy. 5.Governmentaccountability. I.Dalton,RussellJ.,editorofcompilation. II.Welzel, Christian,1964–editorofcompilation. ja75.7.c59 2014 306.2–dc23 2014018495 isbn978-1-107-03926-1Hardback isbn978-1-107-68272-6Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurlsfor externalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguarantee thatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information To Ronald Inglehart, for a career of giving voice to citizens and developing the research infrastructure so others could follow his lead © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information Contents ListofFigures pageix ListofTables xiii Contributors xv Foreword:PushingtheEnvelope–AnalyzingtheImpact ofValues xix MaritaR.Inglehart PrefaceandAcknowledgments xxvii 1 PoliticalCultureandValueChange 1 RussellJ.DaltonandChristianWelzel part a:changingvalues 2 ValueChangeoveraThirdofaCentury:TheEvidencefor GenerationalReplacement 19 PaulR.Abramson 3 TheDeclineofDeferenceRevisited:Evidenceafter Twenty-FiveYears 35 NeilNevitte 4 EnlighteningPeople:TheSparkofEmancipativeValues 59 ChristianWelzelandAlejandroMorenoAlvarez part b:changingimagesofgovernment 5 ReassessingtheCivicCultureModel 91 RussellJ.DaltonandDohChullShin 6 DissatisfiedDemocrats:DemocraticMaturationinOldand NewDemocracies 116 Hans-DieterKlingemann vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information viii Contents 7 SupportforDemocracyinPostcommunistEuropeand Post-SovietEurasia 158 ChristianW.HaerpferandKseniyaKizilova part c:theimpactofculturalchange 8 TheStructureandSourcesofGlobalEnvironmental Attitudes 193 RobertRohrschneider,MatthewMiles,andMarkPeffley 9 SocialChangeandthePoliticsofProtest 213 TorGeorgJakobsenandOlaListhaug 10 MeccaorOil?WhyArabStatesLaginGenderEquality 240 PippaNorris 11 AllegianceEroding:People’sDwindlingWillingnessto FightinWars 261 BiPuranen 12 FromAllegianttoAssertiveCitizens 282 ChristianWelzelandRussellJ.Dalton References 307 Index 325 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information List of Figures 2.1 Percentageofpostmaterialistsminusmaterialistsovertime page23 3.1 Stabilityandchangeinpatternsofauthority 42 3.2 Trendsinauthorityorientations 43 3.3 Cross-nationaltrendsinresponsestothe Independence-ObedienceIndex 44 3.4 Generaldeferencebycohort,1981–2006 47 3.5 Changinglevelsofindependence-obediencebycohort, 1981–2006 48 3.6 Generaldeferenceandinstitutionalperformance 54 4.1 Astepwisequalificationofpeople’sliberalunderstanding ofdemocracy 64 4.2 Definitionsofdemocracybyculturezonebeforeandafter qualification 71 4.3 Desiresfordemocracybyculturezonebeforeandafter qualification 72 4.4 Ratingsofdemocracybyculturezonebeforeandafter qualification 73 4.5 Thecombinedindividual-levelandsocietal-leveleffectof emancipativevaluesonthestrengthofpeople’sdesiresfor democracy 76 4.6 Thecombinedindividual-levelandsocietal-leveleffectof emancipativevaluesontheliberalnessofpeople’snotions ofdemocracy 77 4.7 Thecombinedindividual-levelandsocietal-leveleffectsof emancipativevaluesonthecriticalnessofpeople’sratings ofdemocracy 78 ix © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03926-1 - The Civic Culture Transformed: From Allegiant to Assertive Citizens Edited by Russell J. Dalton and Christian Welzel Frontmatter More information x ListofFigures 4.8 Thecombinedindividual-levelandsocietal-leveleffectsof emancipativevaluesonpeople’scritical-liberaldesiresfor democracy 79 4.9 Dissolvingthecoexistenceparadox 83 5.1 Humandevelopmentandpoliticalinterest 97 5.2 Humandevelopmentandconfidenceingovernment 100 5.3 Confidenceinparliamentovertimeinadvancedindustrial democracies 102 5.4 Confidenceinparliamentbeforeandafterdemocratic transition 104 5.5 Confidenceinparliamentinpostcommunistnations 105 5.6 Thedistributionofauthoritariansanddemocrats 107 5.7 Democraticdevelopmentandcitizenshiporientations 110 6.1 Proportionofdemocratsovertime 124 6.2 Negativeperformanceevaluationsovertime 125 6.3 Dissatisfieddemocratsovertime 128 6.4 Civicattitudesovertime 130 6.5 Levelsofconstraintovertime 132 6.6 Confidenceinparliamentandtheprobabilityofbeinga satisfieddemocrat 135 6.7 Representationofpostmaterialistsamongdissatisfiedand satisfieddemocrats 137 7.1 Threeprocessesoftransformationonthreelevels 160 7.2 Distrustingdemocratsandactuallevelsofdemocracy 177 7.3 Thepyramidofpoliticalsupportinpostcommunist countries 181 7.4 DifferencesinthesupportpyramidsbetweenCentraland EasternEurope 182 8.1 Thedirectandconditionalrelationshipsexploredinthis study 198 8.2 Averagecommitmenttoenvironmentalprotectionby humandevelopmentsource:WorldValuesSurvey2008 199 8.3a Concernsaboutlocalpollutiononenvironmentalism conditionedbyactualpollutionlevels(EPI) 207 8.3b Concernsaboutglobalpollutiononenvironmentalism conditionedbyactuallevelsofpollution(EPI) 208 8.4 Relationshipbetweenpostmaterialvaluesand environmentalismconditionedbylevelofdevelopment (HDI) 209 9.1 Protestparticipationbyeconomicdevelopmentand surveywave 222 9.2 Protestparticipationbyeconomicdevelopment 225 9.3 Effectofincomeindifferentsocietiesonthelikelihoodof protest 230 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
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