The Chinese Must Go: Violence, Exclusion, and the Making of the Alien in America PDF
Preview The Chinese Must Go: Violence, Exclusion, and the Making of the Alien in America
THE Chinese Must Go THE Chinese Must Go VIO LENCE, EXCLUSION, AND THE MAKING OF THE ALIEN IN AMER I CA Beth Lew- Williams Cambridge, Mas sa chu setts · London, England 2018 Copyright © 2018 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of Amer i ca First printing Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Lew- Williams, Beth, author. Title: The Chinese must go : vio lence, exclusion, and the making of the alien in Amer i ca / Beth Lew- Williams. Description: Cambridge, Mas sa chu setts : Harvard University Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017032640 | ISBN 9780674976016 (cloth) Subjects: LCSH: Chinese— United States— History—19th century. | Chinese— Vio lence against— United States. | Border security— United States— History—19th century. | Race discrimination— United States— History—19th century. | Emigration and immigration law— United States— History—19th century. | Aliens— United States— History—19th century. | Citizens—United States— History—19th century. | United States— Race relations— History—19th century. Classification: LCC E184.C5 L564 2018 | DDC 305.895 / 1073— dc23 LC rec ord available at https:// lccn.loc . gov / 2017032640 Cover photo courtesy of the Oregon Historical Society, image number 28159 Cover design by Jill Breitbarth In memory of Lew Din Wing CONTENTS INTRODUCTION The Vio lence of Exclusion 1 PART 1 • Restriction 1. The Chinese Question 17 2. Experiments in Restriction 53 PART 2 • Vio lence 3. The Banished 91 4. The People 113 5. The Loyal 137 PART 3 • Exclusion 6. The Exclusion Consensus 169 7. Afterlives under Exclusion 194 EPILOGUE The Modern American Alien 235 APPENDIX A Sites of Anti- Chinese Expulsions and Attempted Expulsions, 1885–1887 247 APPENDIX B Chinese Immigration to the United States, 1850–1904 253 ABBREVIATIONS 255 NOTES 259 ACKNOWL EDGMENTS 337 INDEX 341 THE Chinese Must Go
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