The Chemical Weapons Taboo PDF
Preview The Chemical Weapons Taboo
THE CHEMICAL WEAPONS TABOO THE CHEMICAL WEAPONS TABOO M. RICHARD PRICE C OR N E L L U N I V E R S I T Y P R E S S ITHACA AND LONDON Copyright © 1997 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 1997 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2007 Printed in the United States of America Cornell University Press strives to utilize environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are also either recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Price, Richard M. (Richard MacKay}, 1964- The chemical weapons taboo I Richard M. Price. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-7394-4 1. Chemical weapons-History. 2. Chemical weapons-Moral and ethical aspects. I. Title. UG447.P756 1997 327.1'745-dc21 96-24320 Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 TO THOSE WHO HAVE SUFFERED THE VIOLENCE OF WARFARE Contents Preface ix 1 Weapons, Morality, and War 1 2 The Origins of the Chemical Weapons Taboo 14 3 World War I 44 4 The Interwar Period 70 5 Colonizing Chemical Warfare 100 6 A Weapon of the Weak 134 7 On Technology and Morality 164 Notes 177 Selected Bibliography 215 Index 225 vii Preface This book is a meditation on the relationship between morality and technology, particularly the exercise and restraint of violence in world politics. To this end it explores the development and operation of the norm in international society which proscribes the use of chemical weap ons. While I am given credit as the author, this book is the product of conversations with many minds past and present. I am grateful for the contributions of those who kindly commented on various versions of this project, including Joseph Camilleri, Sheila Jasanoff, Stephen Krasner, Jeffrey Legro, Judith Reppy, Scott Sagan, Henry Shue, Kathryn Sikkink, Takao Takahara, Nina Tannenwald, Daniel Thomas, and Mark Zacher. I also thank in more general terms the participants in forums where versions of the project were presented: the Peace Studies Program at Cornell University 1989-1993; the 1993 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association; the spring 1994 seminar at the Center for International Security and Arms Control at Stanford University; the 1994 seminar at the Jackson School of International Relations at the University of Washington; the Social Science Research Council I MacArthur work shops on the Cultures of Security organized by Peter Katzenstein and held in Ithaca, Minneapolis, and Stanford during 1993-1994; and the In ternational Relations Colloquium in the Department of Political Science at the University of Minnesota. Peter Katzenstein was generous enough to supervise the growth of this project even though it was born from an intellectual tradition different ix x Preface from his own. In the process he challenged me to engage disparate schools of thought instead of carrying on a conversation with myself. He provided me as well with a lasting model of scholarly integrity and intel lectual honesty for which I am most grateful. Christian Reus-Smit has been an invigorating intellectual companion in addition to providing penetrating comments on the project. John Ellis van Courtland Moon generously read a draft of the manuscript and provided invaluable com ments; so did two anonymous reviewers. I also am indebted to those whose scholarly works provided a wealth of material, such as the au thors of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute studies on the problem of chemical and biological warfare. I gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Government De partment, the Graduate School, and the Peace Studies Program at Cor nell University; the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Doctoral Fellowships; and the Isaak Walton Killam Memorial Post-Doctoral Fellowship sponsored by the Institute of International Re lations at the University of British Columbia. Finally, no note of acknowledgment would be complete without thanking my family. The support of my parents allowed me to pursue my chosen profession, and my wife, Lisa, has supported the travails of this professional student with unflagging patience and love. RICHARD M. PRICE Minneapolis, Minnesota
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