The Changing Role of Women in Higher Education: Academic and Leadership Issues

328 Pages·2017·7.25 MB·English

by  Heather Eggins (eds.)

The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession
in International Comparative Perspective 17
Heather Eggins Editor
The Changing
Role of Women
in Higher
Education
Academic and Leadership Issues
The Changing Academy – The Changing
Academic Profession in International
Comparative Perspective 17
Series Editors:
Timo Aarrevaara, University of Lapland, Finland
Leo Goedegebuure, University of Melbourne, Australia
Editorial Board:
Elisabeth Balbachevsky, Department of Political Science, University of Sao Paulo,
Brazil
Jung Cheol Shin, Department of Education, Seoul National University,
Republic of South Korea
Ulrich Teichler, International Centre for Higher Education Research (INCHER),
University of Kassel, Germany
William Cummings, Graduate School of Education and HD, George Washington
University, USA
Akira Arimoto, Kurashiki Sakuyo University, Japan
Scope of the series
The landscape of higher education has in recent years undergone signifi cant change.
This has been particular the case for research training, academic life, employment,
working conditions and entrepreneurial activities of universities around the globe.
The academy is expected to be more professional in teaching, more productive in
research and more entrepreneurial in everything. Some of the changes involved
have raised questions about the attractiveness of an academic career for today’s
graduates. At the same time, knowledge has come to be identifi ed as the most vital
resource of contemporary societies.
The Changing Academy series examines the nature and extent of the changes
experienced by the academic profession. It aims to address these changes from an
international comparative perspective, focusing at both the higher education
system level as well as the STEM fi elds of science, technology, engineering and
mathematics in particular. It explores both the reasons for and the consequences of
these changes.
The series considers the implications of the changes for the attractiveness of the
academic profession as a career and for the ability of the academic community to
contribute to the further development of knowledge societies and the attainment of
national goals. It provides analyses on these matters drawing initially on available
data-sets and qualitative research studies with special emphasis on the international
studies of the Changing Academic Profession and the national surveys in STEM
fi elds. Among the themes featured will be:
• Relevance of the academy’s work
• Enrolment, graduation and the institutional setting of STEM
• Research, development and technology policies with regards to STEM
• Internationalization of the academy governance and management
• The new generation in the academic profession – the doctoral graduates
More information about this series at h ttp://www.springer.com/series/8668
Heather Eggins
Editor
The Changing Role of
Women in Higher Education
Academic and Leadership Issues
Editor
Heather Eggins
University of Sussex
Brighton , UK
The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International
Comparative Perspective
ISBN 978-3-319-42434-7 ISBN 978-3-319-42436-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42436-1
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016953104
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017
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The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
FOR ROSANNE AND ALEX
NEXT GENERATIONS
AND BRENDA, HILARY, MARGARET AND
RAE
COLLEGE FRIENDS
Foreword
A t the end of the twentieth century, it seemed inevitable that the advances made by
women in higher education would continue. Yet 15 years into the twenty-fi rst cen-
tury, it’s clear that there is still some way to go before women achieve anything
approaching real equality in academic and leadership roles.
In this comprehensive survey of women in higher education across the world,
Heather Eggins draws together evidence from a variety of countries with varying
records on women’s equality. A wide range of contributors argue that patriarchy is
still strongly felt in the academe, that women are becoming better educated but that
is not refl ected in salary scales, that legislation is not necessarily the answer to
achieving equality in higher education and that the most discriminated against are
women of colour.
T he book looks at detailed case studies from many different countries, including
the UK, the USA, Greece, Netherlands, Brazil, Malaysia, South Africa and Ghana.
The different chapters are written by established leaders in their fi eld, with insights
drawn from a wide range of disciplines. It’s perhaps not surprising to learn of the
importance of female role models, with Dilma Rousseff presidency in Brazil
prompting 80 % of Brazilian graduates to say they are planning to seek top jobs,
compared to 53 % in the USA.
The conclusions to be drawn from this wide-ranging look at the situation of
women in higher education are to some extent encouraging: there is evidence of
growing international support for gender equality, and new perspectives are opening
up for the enhanced social engagement of graduate women, in cooperation with
supportive male counterparts.
As the twenty-fi rst century unfolds, the debate on women in higher education
will inevitably become more important as the knowledge economy grows. This
book is an essential reading for those wishing to understand the gains made so far
and the challenges for the future.
Cambridge, UK Jackie Ashley
November 2015
vii
Acknowledgements
T he editor would like to thank the many colleagues, friends and relatives who have
taken part in discussions relating to this volume and in particular those at the Centre
for Higher Education and Equity Research, University of Sussex, and fellow mem-
bers of the Consortium of Higher Education Researchers. Valuable support with the
texts has been given by Jack Simmons, Rosanne Hargreaves and colleagues at
Staffordshire University.
T his volume should also acknowledge the inspiration of the editor’s suffragist
grandmother, Isabel Wilson Parker, who imbued in the editor a recognition of the
equality of women and of the importance of education.
ix
Contents
Part I Setting the Scene
1 Whither Women Graduates in the Knowledge Economy? ................. 3
Mary-Louise Kearney
2 Women in American Higher Education: A Descriptive Profile .......... 31
Carol Frances
3 Women in Chinese Higher Education: Educational
Opportunities and Employability Challenges ...................................... 53
Zhou Zhong and Fei Guo
4 Women, Leadership, and Organizational Culture
in Higher Education: Lessons Learned from South Africa
and Ghana................................................................................................ 75
Reitumetse Obakeng Mabokela and Yeukai A. Mlambo
Part II Adjusting to Change
5 Gender and Academic Work at a Dutch University ............................ 95
Liudvika Leišytė and Bengü Hosch-Dayican
6 Female Academics in Greek Higher Education:
Issues of Organizational Change, Economic
Crisis and Social Responsibility ............................................................. 119
Antigoni Papadimitriou
7 Managing Modern Malaysia: Women in Higher
Education Leadership ............................................................................. 137
Louise Morley , Madeline Berma , and Bahiyah Dato’ Hj. Abdul Hamid
8 Women of Color Advancing to Senior Leadership
in U.S. Academe ....................................................................................... 155
Belinda Lee Huang
xi
xii Contents
9 Women’s Place in Academia: Case Studies of Italy
and Switzerland ....................................................................................... 173
Gaële Goastellec and Massimiliano Vaira
Part III Gender Equality?
10 Gender Equality in Academic Career Progression:
A Matter of Time? ................................................................................... 195
Mary Henkel
11 Women and Gender Equality in Higher Education? ........................... 209
Miriam E. David
12 Women Academic Researchers: Still Interlopers
in the UK Academy? ............................................................................... 227
Carole Leathwood
13 Women Teaching Languages in Higher Education: Voices
from the European Union ....................................................................... 243
Elisabeth Lillie
14 Early Career Women in Academia: An Exploration
of Networking Perceptions ..................................................................... 267
Terhi Nokkala , Bojana Culum , and Tatiana Fumasoli
15 Beyond the Academic Glass Ceiling: Notes on the Situation
of Women Professors in Brazil ............................................................... 291
Marília Moschkovich