The Cayman Islands: Natural History and Biogeography PDF
Preview The Cayman Islands: Natural History and Biogeography
THE CAYMA N ISLANDS MONOGRAPHIAE BIOLOGICAE VOLUM E 71 Series Editors HJ. Dumont and MJ.A. Werger The Cayman Islands Natural History and Biogeography Edited by M.A. BRUNT and J.E. DAVIES Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Cayman Island s : natura l histor y and biogeography / edite d by M.A. Brunt and J.E . Davies. p. cm. — (Monographiae biologica e ; v. 71) Includes bibliographica l reference s (p . ) and indexes. ISBN 97-94-010-4391-5 1. Natural history—Cayman Islands . 2. Biogeography—Caymna Islands . I . Brunt, M. A. II . Davies, J . E. III . Series . QP1.P37 vol . 74 [QH109.C38] 574 s—dc20 [508.7292'1] 93-27017 ISBN 978-94-010-4391-5 ISBN 978-94-011-0904-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-010-4391-5 Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved © 1994 Springer Science+Busines sMedia Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academci Publishesr in 1994 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1994 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronci or mechanica, lincluding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. I Dr. Marco Enrico Clifton Giglioii, OBE BSc PhD DSc 1927-1984 Preface In the course of the last 100 years a considerable Laboratory, of which he was co-director, in order amount of scientific work has been carried out in to carry out research in relation to development. the Cayman Islands. The results of this (outlined Later he was a major force in helping to plan in Chapter 1) are widely distributed in unpub and organize the 1975 Little Cayman Expedition lished reports, university theses, various scientific which was led by D.R. Stoddart. Earlier man publications and books, many of these sources grove surveys by Brunt and botanical work by being difficult to find and some now unobtain Proctor led to the publication of maps of man able. The purpose of this book, therefore, is to grove distribution in 1981 and to the Flora of the bring all this scattered information together and Cayman Islands in 1984. The swamp maps were to present a coherent account of the biogeogra revised by the then Land Resources Department phy and ecology of the Islands, as an easily avail of the Overseas Development Natural Resources able reference source and as a foundation on Institute, London, and combined with Robert's which future work can be based. and Logan's maps of shallow water habitats to The book is dedicated to the memory of the accompany the present volume. late Dr. Marco Enrico Clifton Giglioli, OBE, the The original idea for the present book came founding director of the Cayman Island Govern from Professor Stoddart (Head of Geography at ment's Mosquito Research and Control Unit the University of California at Berkeley) on a (MRCU - founded 1965). Dr. Giglioli gained visit to Grand Cayman in 1984. He felt that the national and international recognition for his results of the Little Cayman Expedition should great achievements in controlling the enormous be combined with the greater volume of research mosquito problems that existed in the Cayman results from the other two Islands, and published Islands but his interests were far wider than mos in book form as a major scientific reference work quito control. He encouraged scientists of all per for the Cayman Islands as a whole. He secured suasions to come to work in the Cayman Islands the support of the Cayman Islands Government and provided them with considerable assistance. and that of the numerous chapter authors as well He also made an extensive collection of books as the backing of the present publisher and thus and papers on the Cayman Islands which enabled played a vital part in making this important ven him to establish a reference library at the MRCU. ture possible. He was associated with the work on geology, The Cayman Islands Government also made a hydrology and botany, started in the late 1960s substantial contribution to the production of this and early 1970s, which established a sound foun volume, including sponsoring a number of special dation for later studies, and he was one of the first studies to fill in gaps in the knowledge of Cay to recognize that irreversible ecological damage manian biogeography and funding the revision of could be caused by uncontrolled development of the maps and the provision of colour plates. the Islands. His efforts in this direction led in 1974 Finally, as this volume is dedicated to Dr. to the establishment of the Natural Resources Marco Giglioli, it is perhaps fitting to conclude vii Vlll with the note on his life and achievements pub the islands is largely due to the work of Giglioli. lished by the Times on 24 April 1984. Indeed, if the island's mosquitoes had not been controlled, it is inconceivable that today's tourist industry and offshore banking could have de DR. MARCO GIGLIOLI veloped. Giglioli was able to achieve and maintain an Dr. Marco Enrico Clifton Giglioli, OBE, who ascendancy over the mosquitoes through a pro died on March 3 at the age of 56, was Director of gramme of physical flood control of breeding sites the Mosquito Research & Control Unit, Cayman and by aerial application of insecticides backed Islands, West Indies. He was an outstanding trop up by rigorous monitoring and a programme of ical entomologist, with an international repu applied research. tation, who successfully combined considerable He also encouraged the Cayman Islands practical skills and a broad scientific outlook in his Government with the collaboration of the Uni research work, and in the control of mosquitoes. versities of London, Reading and Cambridge to Marco Giglioli was born at McKenzie, British establish a studentship scheme whereby postgrad Guyana, on April 211927, the son of Dr. George uate students combined research with practical Giglioli the malariologist. He attended schools work in the MRCU. Many of these students are in Italy and Guyana, and after graduating from now making major contributions to tropical ento McGill University, Canada, in 1950, entered the mology. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medi In 1974 he was made Resident Director of the cine. He gained his PhD in 1953 and some 20 ODA-supported Cayman Islands Natural Re years later a DSc. sources Study, undertaken by a team drawn from In 1954 Giglioli returned to Canada to work the UK Marine Biological Association, the Uni on the ecology of black flies. From 1954-57 he versity College of North Wales and the University worked as an entomologist with the World Health of Southampton. In the following year he co Organisation's Malaria and Yaws Control Unit in directed the joint Royal Society-Cayman Islands Liberia. Joining the Medical Research Council in Government Expedition to Little Cayman. 1958 as entomologist in charge of the Keneba As a result of these studies the scientific com Field Station in The Gambia, West Africa, where munity has benefitted enormously and the Cay he worked on the ecology and epidemiology of man Islands have become a focus of biological rural malaria. and marine research. He completed this work at the London School Giglioli's practical knowledge of mosquito in 1965. In that year he was appointed Director of ecology and controlled to a constant demand for the newly founded Cayman Islands Government his advice outside the Cayman Islands and the Mosquito Research & Control Unit (MRCU) government of the latter were generous in releas which he built up into a model of its kind, with ing him for consultant work for the World Health a well-deserved international reputation. Organisation, the Wor~d Bank and other govern Although Aedes taeniorhynchus, the black salt ments in the Caribbean, Central America and the marsh mosquito, is not medically dangerous, this Middle East. He was also regional director of the biting fly was present in the Cayman Islands in American Mosquito Control Association from such large numbers in the early 1960s that it was 1976-78 and received their meritorious service a major constraint to development. Today it is no award in 1979. exaggeration to say that the prosperity enjoyed by He was appointed OBE in 1971. ix Strombus gigas, Queen Conch (photo: N. Sefton). Cyphoma signatum, Fingerprint Cyphoma (photo: N. Cyphoma gibbosum, Flamingo Tongue (photo: N. Sefton). Sefton). x Tridachia crispata, Lettuce Slug (photo: N. Sefton). Pteria Colymbus, Atlantic Wing Oyster (photo: N. Sefton). Lophafrons. Frons Oyster (photo: N. Sefton). Xl Lutjanus apodus, Schoolmasters (photo: D.B. Snyder). Phaeoptyx conklini, Freckled Cardinalfish (photo: D.B. Snyder).
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