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DEBORAH NIEDERER SAXON The Care of the Self in Early Christian Texts THE BIBLE AND CULTURAL STUDIES The Bible and Cultural Studies Series Editors Hal Taussig Union Theological Seminary New York, NY, USA Maia Kotrosits Religion Department Denison University Granville, OH, USA TheBibleandCulturalStudiesserieshighlightstheworkofestablishedand emerging scholars working at the intersection of the fields of biblical studies and cultural studies. It emphasizes the importance of the Bible in thebuildingofculturalnarratives—andthustheneedtointerveneinthose narratives through interpretation—as well as the importance of situating biblical texts within originating cultural contexts. It approaches scripture not as a self-evident category, but as the product of a larger set of cultural processes, and offers scholarship that does not simply “use” or “borrow” from the field of cultural studies, but actively participates in its conversations. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14449 Deborah Niederer Saxon The Care of the Self in Early Christian Texts Deborah NiedererSaxon Butler University Indianapolis,IN, USA The BibleandCultural Studies ISBN978-3-319-64749-4 ISBN978-3-319-64750-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-64750-0 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017949196 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2017 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher, whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation, reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinany other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesare exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformation in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishernortheauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothe material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutionalaffiliations. Cover illustration: “Strigilate sarcophagus with the deceased woman and two shepherds,” 300–325A.D.,PioCristianoMuseum Printedonacid-freepaper ThisPalgraveMacmillanimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland To myparents,Rayand Ann Niederer,whostartedmeon the paththroughlifeandmyhusband,John,whocontinuestowalk it with me. A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I want to thank my parents, Ray and Ann Niederer for their unwa- veringsupport.Itwastheirloveofeducationandmydad’sfascinationwith Christianhistoryaswellasmyparents’opennesstoothersthathasinspired my own study and research. They taught me that each idea or person I encounterhassomethingtoofferthatwillenrichmyownjourneyandhave thus shaped my own desire to engage with ideas or people who are easily dismissed. I also offer my deepest gratitude to my husband, John, who shares my own sense of curiosity and enthusiasm for the care of the self/soul and has walked every step of the process of birthing this book with me as well as the journey of life itself. Not only has he provided unfailing moral support and encouragement especially when the task seemedoverwhelming,hehasengagedincountlessconversations,reading every bit of this book several times over and serving as my first and best editor. In addition, I deeply appreciate the members of my dissertation com- mittee who helped me complete what served as the basis for this book. I am grateful for the support of Albert Hernández who helped me to understand the importance of historiography and cultural theory for my work, and I am likewise very thankful to Frank Seeburger who helped me understand the significance of Foucault for this topic specifically. Most especially, this book would not have come into being without the support of Ann Graham Brock. It was Ann’s enthusiasm for extracanonical texts that allowed me to see the way that they complement those of the New Testament.Infact,Iwouldnotevenhavethoughtseriouslyabouttakinga class in religion without her captivating description of a course that vii viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS promised to introduce us to lost voices, particularly those of women, in extracanonical,Christianwritings.Annhasbeenamentoreversince.While writing my dissertation, she really went the extra mile at each stage of formulatingideas,gettingthemonpaper,andeditingmultipledrafts,even mailing me a Coptic dictionary when I was finishing up my project in Tokyo! ThecoeditorsoftheSeriesforBiblicalStudiesandCulturalTheory,Hal Taussig and Maia Kotrosits, have also been extremely helpful. Maia’s own work has opened my eyes to new conceptual possibilities regarding iden- tity, and Hal came into the picture when I saw the flyers for A New New Testament in the SBL/AAR annual meeting bags just after its publication. IimmediatelyboughtacopyandstartedusingitwithvariousgroupsIwas teaching.WhenIhadanopportunitytomeetHalinperson,hegraciously offeredtoreadmyinitialworkonthecareoftheself/soul.Hehasbelieved in its potential and has supported me in specific, innumerable ways throughouttheprocessofwritingthisbook,carefullylisteningasnewideas coalesced in my mind and helping me frame the content and articulate its significance in substantive ways all while introducing me to new perspec- tives that have pushed my work further along. Inaddition,IhavebeenabletoarticulatetheideasthatIdiscussinthis book with wonderful conversation partners and colleagues over the past years, especially Lisa Schrader who has provided many opportunities to copresent and try out this material with public audiences. In addition, colleagues Ally Kateusz, Jan Duce, Karen Dumford, Gail Finlay, Sue Humble,IwonaJezierska,SharonLittrell,LucyMcGuffey,ShirleyPaulson, PollyStrovink,LisaandJohnVincent-Morrison,SherryWalker,JanaWatt, and Stephanie Yuhas have all helped me work through and articulate my ideasinsignificantways.WhenIwasstartingmydissertation,Lucywasthe onewhofirstsuggestedIlookatFoucault’slaterworkandthenhelpedme think through the Hermeneutics of the Self on a sunny park bench. Asthat project has become this book, Ally has read each chapter and given invaluable assistance in helping me edit the final draft, supporting me through the last stepsof a long process. There are others whom I want to mention as well. Karen Smith has helped me throughout the process in invaluable ways particularly with grasping the nuances of materials in French. Brian Hartman and James White also read and suggested improvements for significant portions of this book. At the University of Denver/Iliff School of Theology, coordinators Meghan Laurvick and Arianna Nowalkowski helped with many details involved in bringing the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix initial version of this work to fruition as did librarians Katie Cook, Laura Harris,AliceRunis,DouglasBrown,DonnaGroben, andMichelle Kyner. Inaddition,formerprofessors,GlenHilburn,JulioJiménez,AlanRobb, and Anabel Newman planted the seeds for this book many years ago and have continued to discuss my research. Other conversation partners in my communities of faith and contexts of broader learning have also eagerly engagedinconversationaboutthistopicandsustainedmeincontinuingto articulateitsimportance.IwouldespeciallyliketothanktheOCWM(Our Church’s Wider Mission) Committee of First Congregational UCC-Colo rado Springs for funding as well as the members of Christ’s Episcopal Church, Castle Rock, particularly those who participated in our weekly service at 6 a.m. and listened to my latest developments over coffee. The samegoesforthegroupofwomenwhometwithmemonthlyinColorado Springstodiscuss A NewNew Testament and furtheredmy ownthinking. Iwillneverforgetthejoyofhearingthesoundsofawindowharpfromthe breezecomingthroughthewindowofSiriEverett’shomeaswereadlines from the Odes of Solomon that discuss the Spirit of the Lord speaking throughone’sownbeing justas“the windpassesthrough the lyre”(6.1). Therearesomanyotherswholistenedhardandcarefullyaswell,andIam so grateful for your support. Myownfamilyandclosefriendshavealsobeenatremendoussourceof strength: my brother David and his family, Shannon Black, Darryl and Dorothy DeBorde, and especially my parents-in-law—George and Dottie Saxon,brother-in-lawRobandfamily,JerryandFrancesBray,DavidBrock, MaryKayCarlson,DickandChrisHall,theHayfamily,andmanyothers. Allofthesefriendsandfamilymembershavediscussedversionsofthetopics inthisbookwhileplyingmewithfood,coffee,orsustenanceandsupportin various forms. In moving to Indiana, I have had many good new conver- sationpartnersregardingthisbook.Ihavealso hadmany opportunitiesto speak about the topics in these books through my participation in CFT (Christian Feminism Today), the Tanho Center, and the Westar Institute, andIwanttothankMarg Herder, MarkMattison,andMartha Vaughtof CFT; Celine Lilly, Natalie Perkins, and John Rogers at Tanho, and Cassandra Farrin, David Galston, and Perry Kea of Westar as well as Ann Kish,LeahRumsay,SarahLund,A.B.andMaryRudy,andDianeandJerry Zehr forlistening and helpingme flesh out ideas inthis book. Lastly,PhilGetzandAmyInvernizzi,myeditorsatPalgraveMacmillan, have provided wonderful support as has Subasree Sairam, the project manager. There are also many omissions as so many people spurred my x ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS thinking and helped in ways too numerous to list, but I offer my deepest thanks and appreciation to each person who has played a role in bringing this book into being. However, in the end, I also acknowledge that any problems or flaws with the final product are solely my responsibility.

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