The Cambridge World History of Slavery, Volume 3: AD 1420–AD 1804 PDF
Preview The Cambridge World History of Slavery, Volume 3: AD 1420–AD 1804
THE CAMBRIDGE WORLD HISTORY OF SLAVERY Volume3:ad 1420–ad 1804 Most societies in the past have had slaves, and almost all peoples have at some timeintheirpastsbeenbothslavesandownersofslaves.Recentdecadeshaveseen asignificantincreaseinourunderstandingofthehistoricalroleplayedbyslavery and wide interest across a range of academic disciplines in the evolution of the institution.Excitingandinnovativeresearchmethodologieshavebeendeveloped, andnumerousfruitfuldebatesgenerated.Further,thestudyofslaveryhascome to provide strong connections between academic research and the wider public interestatatimewhensuchlinkshaveingeneralbeenweak.TheCambridgeWorld HistoryofSlaveryrespondstothesetrendsbyprovidingforthefirsttime,infour volumes, a comprehensive global history of this widespread phenomenon from theancientworldtothepresentday. Volume 3 of The Cambridge World History of Slavery is a collection of essays exploring the various manifestations of coerced labor in Africa, Asia, and the AmericasbetweentheopeningupoftheAtlanticworldandtheformalcreationof thenewnationofHaiti.Theauthors,well-knownauthoritiesintheirrespective fields, place slavery in the foreground of the collection but also examine other typesofcoercedlabor.Essaysareorganizedbothnationallyandthematicallyand coverthemajorempires,coercedmigration,slaveresistance,gender,demography, law, and the economic significance of coerced labor. Nonscholars will also find thisvolumeaccessible. David Eltis is Robert W. Woodruff Professor of History at Emory University andresearchassociateoftheW.E.B.DuBoisInstitute,HarvardUniversity.He has also held visiting appointments at Harvard, Yale, and Oxford universities. EltisreceivedhisPhDfromtheUniversityofRochesterin1979.Heisauthorof The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas, co-author (with David Richardson) of Atlas of the Transatlantic Slave Trade, and co-compiler of Slave Voyages at www.slavevoyages.org. He co-edited and contributed to Extending the Frontiers: Essays on the New Transatlantic Slave Trade Database (with David Richardson) andSlaveryintheDevelopmentoftheAmericas(withFrankD.LewisandKenneth L.Sokoloff)andeditedCoercedandFreeMigrations:GlobalPerspectives. StanleyL.EngermanisJohnH.MunroProfessorofEconomicsandProfessorof HistoryattheUniversityofRochester.HehasalsopreviouslytaughtatHarvard, Yale, Oxford, and Cambridge universities. Engerman received his PhD in eco- nomics from Johns Hopkins University in 1962. He is the author of Slavery, Emancipation,andFreedom:ComparativePerspectivesandtheco-authorofTime on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery (with Robert Fogel) and NavalBlockadesinPeaceandWar:AnEconomicHistorySince1750(withLanceE. Davis).Heisalsoco-editorofAHistoricalGuidetoWorldSlavery(withSeymour Drescher); Finance, Intermediaries, and Economic Development (with Philip T. Hoffman,Jean-LaurentRosenthal,andKennethL.Sokoloff);andTheCambridge EconomicHistoryoftheUnitedStates(withRobertE.Gallman). Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 THE CAMBRIDGE WORLD HISTORY OF SLAVERY Generaleditors DavidEltis,EmoryUniversity StanleyL.Engerman,UniversityofRochester VolumeI:TheAncientMediterraneanWorld EditedbyKeithBradleyandPaulCartledge VolumeII:ad500–ad1420 EditedbyDavidEltisandStanleyL.Engerman VolumeIII:ad1420–ad1804 EditedbyDavidEltisandStanleyL.Engerman VolumeIV :ad1804–ad2000 EditedbySeymourDrescher,DavidEltis,andStanleyL.Engerman Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 THE CAMBRIDGE WORLD HISTORY OF SLAVERY VOLUME 3 ad 1420–ad 1804 Editedby DAVIDELTIS EmoryUniversity STANLEY L.ENGERMAN UniversityofRochester Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 cambridge university press Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,Tokyo,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521840682 (cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2011 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2011 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationdata Revisedforvolume3 TheCambridgeworldhistoryofslavery/editedbyDavidEltisandStanleyL.Engerman. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-521-84066-8(hardback) 1.Slavery–History. I.Eltis,David II.Engerman,StanleyL. III.Title. ht861.c34 2009 306.3(cid:3)62–dc22 2009036356 isbn978-0-521-84068-2Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof urlsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnot guaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 CONTENTS ListofMaps,Figures,andTables pageix Contributors xi SeriesEditors’Introduction xiii 1 Dependence,Servility,andCoercedLaborinTimeandSpace 1 david eltis and stanley l. engerman part i: slavery in africa and asia minor 2 EnslavementintheOttomanEmpireintheEarlyModern Period 25 ehud r. toledano 3 SlaveryinIslamicAfrica,1400–1800 47 rudolph t. ware iii 4 SlaveryinNon-IslamicWestAfrica,1420–1820 81 g. ugo nwokeji 5 SlavingandResistancetoSlavinginWestCentralAfrica 111 roquinaldo ferreira 6 WhiteServitude 132 william g. clarence-smith and david eltis part ii: slavery in asia 7 SlaveryinSoutheastAsia,1420–1804 163 kerry ward 8 SlaveryinEarlyModernChina 186 pamela kyle crossley v Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 vi contents part iii: slavery among the indigenous americans 9 SlaveryinIndigenousNorthAmerica 217 leland donald 10 IndigenousSlaveryinSouthAmerica,1492–1820 248 neil l. whitehead part iv: slavery and serfdom in eastern europe 11 RussianSlaveryandSerfdom,1450–1804 275 richard hellie 12 ManorialismandRuralSubjectioninEastCentralEurope, 1500–1800 297 edgar melton part v: slavery in the americas 13 SlaveryintheAtlanticIslandsandtheEarlyModernSpanish AtlanticWorld 325 william d. phillips, jr. 14 SlaveryandPoliticsinColonialPortugueseAmerica:The SixteenthtotheEighteenthCenturies 350 joa˜o fragoso and ana rios 15 SlaveryintheBritishCaribbean 378 philip d. morgan 16 SlaveryintheNorthAmericanMainlandColonies 407 lorena s. walsh 17 SlaveryintheFrenchCaribbean,1635–1804 431 laurent dubois 18 SlaveryandtheSlaveTradeoftheMinorAtlanticPowers 450 pieter emmer Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 contents vii part vi: cultural and demographic patterns in the americas 19 DemographyandFamilyStructures 479 b. w. higman 20 TheConceptofCreolization 513 richard price 21 BlackWomenintheEarlyAmericas 538 betty wood part vii: legal structures, economics, and the movement of coerced peoples in the atlantic world 22 InvoluntaryMigrationintheEarlyModernWorld, 1500–1800 563 david richardson 23 Slavery,Freedom,andtheLawintheAtlanticWorld, 1420–1807 594 sue peabody 24 EuropeanForcedLaborintheEarlyModernEra 631 timothy coates 25 TransatlanticSlaveryandEconomicDevelopmentinthe AtlanticWorld:WestAfrica,1450–1850 650 joseph e. inikori part viii: slavery and resistance 26 SlaveWorkerRebellionsandRevolutionintheAmericas to1804 677 mary turner 27 RunawaysandQuilombolasintheAmericas 708 manolo florentino and ma´rcia amantino 741 Index Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011 LIST OF MAPS, FIGURES, AND TABLES maps 9.1 CultureAreasofIndigenousNorthAmerica page216 12.1 EastCentralEurope,ca.1500 296 14.1 Brazil,EighteenthCentury 348 14.2 PortugueseEmpireinAmerica,EighteenthCentury 349 figures 27.1 SambabaiaQuilombo 730 27.2 RiverofPerditionQuilombo 731 27.3 QuilomboonaTributaryofthePerditionRiver 732 27.4 AmbrozioQuilombo 733 27.5 SamGonc¸aloQuilombo 734 tables 10.1 DebtstobecollectedbythepostmasterofCuyuni 262 14.1 Distributionofregisteredslavebaptisms:Sa˜oGonc¸alo, 1651–1668 363 15.1 SlavepopulationsoftheBritishCaribbean,1650–1830 383 15.2 Annualpercentagedecline(andincrease)intheslave populationsoftheBritishCaribbean,1627–1825 384 18.1 ImportsofslavesinDutchBrazil,1630–1653,byAfrican regionoforigin 456 18.2 Suriname’stradebalance/balanceofpayments,1766–1776, averageperyear 461 18.3 TheDutchslavetrade,1600–1800 465 18.4 DistributionofslavedeparturesfromAfricaonDanishvessels 468 20.1 TheAfricanoriginsofSurinameslaves 518 22.1 InvoluntarymigrationintheOldWorld,1500–1800, estimatesandprojections 570 ix Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011
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