The Cambridge History Of Medieval Philosophy PDF
Preview The Cambridge History Of Medieval Philosophy
THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy comprises over fifty specially com- missionedessaysbyexpertsonthephilosophyofthisperiod.Startinginthelate eighth century, with the renewal of learning some centuries after the fall of the RomanEmpire,asequenceofchapterstakesthereaderthroughdevelopmentsin many and varied fields, including logic and language, natural philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, and theology. Close attention is paid to the context of medieval philosophy, with discussions of the rise of the universities and developments in the cultural and linguistic spheres. A striking feature is the continuous coverage of Islamic, Jewish, and Christian material. There are useful biographies of the philosophers, and a comprehensive bibliography. The volumes illuminate a rich andremarkableperiodinthehistoryofphilosophyandwillbetheauthoritative source on medieval philosophy for the next generation of scholars and students alike. robert pasnau isProfessorofPhilosophy,UniversityofColorado,Boulder.His publications include Theories of Cognition in the Later Middle Ages (1997), The Cambridge Translations of Medieval Philosophical Texts, vol. III: Mind and Knowledge (2002), and Thomas Aquinas on Human Nature: A Philosophical Study of Summa Theologiae,1a75–89(2002). The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy Volume I edited by ROBERT PASNAU associate editor CHRISTINA VAN DYKE cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo, Delhi,Dubai,Tokyo CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb28ru,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521866729 (cid:2)c CambridgeUniversityPress2010 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2010 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata TheCambridgehistoryofmedievalphilosophy/RobertPasnau,editor;ChristinaVanDyke, associateeditor. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-521-76216-8(v.1:hardback)–isbn978-0-521-86672-9(set:hardback) 1.Philosophy, Medieval–History. I.Pasnau,Robert. II.Dyke,Christinavan,1972– III.Title. b721.c355 2009 189–dc22 2009032501 VolumeIisbn978-0-521-76216-8 Availableonlyasaset:isbn978-0-521-86672-9Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredto inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. CONTENTS VOLUME I Preface page ix Listofcontributors xi Introduction 1 robert pasnau I Fundamentals 1 Origins in Baghdad 11 dimitri gutas 2 The emergence of medieval Latin philosophy 26 john marenbon 3 Byzantium 39 katerina ierodiakonou 4 The rise of the universities 50 steven p. marrone 5 Monks and friars 63 david luscombe 6 Platonism 76 jan a. aertsen 7 Augustinianism 86 gareth b. matthews v vi Contents 8 Censorship 99 franc¸ois-xavier putallaz 9 Modernity 114 roger ariew II Logic and language 10 The development of logic in the twelfth century 129 christopher j. martin 11 Terminist logic 146 e. jennifer ashworth 12 Nominalist semantics 159 gyula klima 13 Inferences 173 stephen read 14 Sophismata 185 paul vincent spade 15 Grammar 196 ire`ne rosier-catach III Natural philosophy 16 Natural philosophy in earlier Latin thought 219 nadja germann 17 Creation and causation 232 taneli kukkonen 18 The influence of Arabic Aristotelianism on scholastic natural philosophy: projectile motion, the place of the universe, and elemental composition 247 rega wood 19 Change, time, and place 267 cecilia trifogli Contents vii 20 The nature of change 279 johannes m. m. h. thijssen IV Soul and knowledge 21 Soul and body 293 john haldane 22 The soul’s faculties 305 dag nikolaus hasse 23 The nature of intellect 320 deborah l. black 24 Perception 334 a. mark smith 25 Mental representation 346 claude panaccio 26 Science and certainty 357 robert pasnau 27 Divine illumination 369 timothy noone 28 Skepticism 384 dominik perler V Will and desire 29 Freedom and determinism 399 peter adamson 30 Intellectualism and voluntarism 414 tobias hoffmann 31 Emotion 428 simo knuuttila 32 Weakness and grace 441 richard cross viii Contents VI Ethics 33 Happiness 457 lenn e. goodman 34 Identity and moral agency 472 mikko yrjo¨nsuuri 35 The inclination for justice 484 john boler 36 Virtue theory 493 bonnie kent 37 Action and intention 506 jean porter 38 The care of souls and “practical ethics” 517 m. w. f. stone PREFACE The present pair of volumes succeeds, without superseding, The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy, published in 1982 by Norman Kretzmann, AnthonyKenny,JanPinborg,andEleonoreStump.Itisaconsiderableprivilege to edit the successor to Kretzmann et alii, for that volume distils the work of a brilliant generation of scholars without whom our own scholarly careers wouldbealmostinconceivable.Thesevolumesareentirelynew,butweexpect theirpredecessorwillremainvaluableformanyyearstocome,especiallyforits detailedtreatmentofmedievaltheoriesoflogicandthephilosophyoflanguage. Thepresentvolumesdiffermostnotablyfromtheirpredecessorinthreeways: first, their scope extends not just to Christian but also to Islamic and Jewish thought; second, they cover not only the later Middle Ages but also earlier centuries; third, they addresse in some detail the entire spectrum of medieval thought,includingphilosophicaltheology. Each chapter in these volumes stands on its own, but there are numer- ous points of contact between chapters, and we have liberally supplied cross- references.Onecouldthusinprinciplebeginreadinganywhereandeventually, by following these links, make one’s way through the whole. Readers will also want to consult the biographies of medieval authors, in Appendix C, for extensive information on the lives and work of the figures discussed in the chapters. Itwouldbedifficulttoexaggeratethechallengeposedbyeditingthisdisparate material, and we are all too conscious of our limitations in this regard. Our primarydebtofgratitudeis,ofcourse,toourinternationalteamofcontributors, who generously set aside their own projects to work on this collaborative venture, submitted their chapters in an unusually timely fashion, and then respondedgraciouslytothecomplexprocessofediting.Wearealsogratefulto Hilary Gaskin at Cambridge University Press for her support of this venture. Christina Van Dyke’s work on these volumes was underwritten in part by a ix
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