The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature, Vol. 6: Arabic Literature in the Post-Classical Period PDF
Preview The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature, Vol. 6: Arabic Literature in the Post-Classical Period
the cambridge history of arabic literature arabic literature in the post-classical period The sixth and final volume of The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature explores the Arabic literary heritage of the period from the twelfth to the beginning of the nineteenthcentury.Traditionalistshavetendedtocharacterizethisperiodasoneof ‘decadence’ and, having done so, to skip over its several centuries in the quest for moreimmediatelyinterestingmaterialstimulatedbythere-encounterwiththeWest fromtheendoftheeighteenthcentury.Eventhoughitwasduringthistimethatone of the most famous Arabic works of all time – A Thousand and One Nights – was created,thishasnotprovokedawide-ranginginvestigationoftheperiod’sliterature in general, whether elite or popular, and the period in question has continued to be viewed negatively. This volume seeks to rectify the situation. Roger Allen and D. S. Richards bring together some of the most distinguished scholars in the field to record as much as is known about the literary movements and aesthetic trends of this period. The volume is divided into parts with the traditions of poetry and prosecoveredseparatelywithinboththeir‘elite’and‘popular’contexts.Thelasttwo partsaredevotedtodrama,itsoriginsandtentativedevelopment,andtheindigenous tradition of literary criticism. As the only work of its kind in English covering the post-classical period, this book promises to be a unique resource for students and scholarsofArabicliteratureformanyyearstocome. Roger Allen is Professor of Arabic and Comparative Literature at the University of PennsylvaniainPhiladelphia.HeistheauthorofTheArabicNovel(1982,1995)and TheArabicLiteraryHeritage(1998).Hecurrentlyservesinaneditorialcapacityforthe journalMiddleEasternLiteraturesandtheArabicLiteratureSeriesoftheDictionary ofLiteraryBiography. D.S.RichardsisEmeritusFellowofStCrossCollege,Oxford,andUniversityLecturer inArabic(retired).HispublicationsincludeMamlukJerusalem(1987)andnumerous articlesonmedievalIslamichistory.HeisthetranslatorofIbnShaddad’sLifeofSaladin (2001)andTheAnnalsoftheTurks(2002). Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 ARABIC LITERATURE IN THE POST-CL ASSICAL PERIOD edited by ROGER ALLEN UniversityofPennsylvania and D. S. RICHARDS UniversityofOxford Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 cambridge university press Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb22ru,uk PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521771603 (cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2006 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2006 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationData Arabicliteratureinthepost-classicalperiod/[editedby]RogerAllen,D.S.Richards.–1sted. p. cm.–(TheCambridgehistoryofArabicliterature) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn0-521-77160-9–(hardback) 1.Arabicliterature–1258-1800–Historyandcriticism. I.Allen,RogerM.A. II.Richards,D.S.(DonaldSidney),1935– III.Title. IV.Series. pj7558.a73 2006 892.7(cid:3)09–dc22 2005020119 isbn-13 978-0-521-77160-3hardback isbn-10 0-521-77160-9hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurlsforexternalor third-partyInternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontenton suchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 CONTENTS Notesoncontributors page vii Listofabbreviations x Thepost-classicalperiod:parametersandpreliminaries 1 byRoger Allen part i Elite poetry 1 Arabicpoetryinthepost-classicalage 25 bySalma Khadra Jayyusi 2 Poeticcreativityinthesixteenthtoeighteenthcenturies 60 byMuhammad Lutfi al-Yousfi 3 Arabicreligiouspoetry,1200–1800 74 byTh. Emil Homerin 4 Theroleofthepre-modern:thegenericcharacteristics oftheband 87 by‘Abdullah Ibrahim part ii Elite prose 5 Pre-modernbelletristicprose 101 byMuhsin al-Musawi 6 Theessayanddebate(al-risa¯laandal-muna¯z.ara) 134 byJaakko Ha¨meen-Anttila 7 Themaqa¯ma 145 byDevin Stewart 8 Mamlukhistoryandhistorians 159 byRobert Irwin v Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 vi contents 9 HistoriographyinArabicduringtheOttomanperiod 171 byMichael Winter part iii Popular poetry 10 Popularpoetryinthepost-classicalperiod,1150–1850 191 byMargaret Larkin part iv Popular prose 11 Popularproseinthepost-classicalperiod 245 byDwight F. Reynolds 12 AThousandandOneNights:ahistoryofthetextand itsreception 270 byDwight F. Reynolds 13 S¯ırat (cid:2)AntaribnShadda¯d 292 byRemke Kruk 14 S¯ıratBan¯ıHila¯l 307 byDwight F. Reynolds 15 Others¯ırasandpopularnarratives 319 byPeter Heath 16 Popularreligiousnarratives 330 byKamal Abdel-Malek part v Drama 17 Dramainthepost-classicalperiod:asurvey 347 byRosella Dorigo Ceccato 18 Pre-moderndrama 369 byPhilip Sadgrove part vi Criticism 19 Criticisminthepost-classicalperiod:asurvey 387 byWilliam Smyth Bibliography 419 Index 459 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS KamalAbdel-MalekteachesArabicliteratureattheAmericanUniversity ofSharjah,UAE.HehaspublishedseveralbooksonEgyptianpopular literature,ArabattitudestoAmericans(AmericainanArabMirror,2000) andIsraelis(Arab–JewishEncountersinPalestinianLiteratureandFilm, forthcoming). RogerAllen,ProfessorofArabicandComparativeLiteratureatthe UniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphia.HeistheauthorofThe ArabicNovel(1982,1995)andTheArabicLiteraryHeritage(1998).He currentlyservesinaneditorialcapacityforthejournalMiddleEastern LiteraturesandtheArabicLiteratureSeriesoftheDictionaryofLiterary Biography. RosellaDorigoCeccato,since1983ProfessoreAssociatoofArabicLanguage andLiteratureandrecentlyVice-Directorofthenewdoctoralprogrammein StudiOrientaliattheUniversityCa’FoscariofVeniceandamemberofthe editorialboardofthereviewQuadernidiStudiArabi.Herscholarlyactivity hasbeenmainlydevotedtotheanalysisofArabicliterature,withaparticular attentiontodrama.HerresearchisdirectedtowardsSyria,Jordan,Egypt, Tunisia,MoroccoandtheSultanateofOman. JaakkoHa¨meen-Anttila,ProfessorofArabicandIslamicStudies,University ofHelsinki.HismaininterestslieinmedievalArabicliterature,classical Arabiclanguage,andpaganisminIraq.Hismainworksinclude:Materialsfor theStudyofRagˇazI–III(1993–6)andMaqama:AHistoryofaGenre(2002). PeterHeath,ProvostoftheAmericanUniversityinBeirut.Aspecialistin Arabicliterature,heistheauthorofAllegoryandPhilosophyinAvicenna(Ibn Sina)(1992)andTheThirstySword:Sirat‘AntarandtheArabicPopularEpic (1996). Th.EmilHomerin,ProfessorofReligionattheUniversityofRochester. HispublicationsincludeFromArabPoettoMuslimSaint(2001),Ibn al-Farid:SufiVerse,SaintlyLife(2001)andTheWineofLoveandLife(2005). vii Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 viii notes on contributors (cid:2)AbdullahIbrahimhastaughtatuniversitiesinIraq,LibyaandQatar.He currentlyservesasCulturalAdvisertotheNationalCouncilforCulturein Qatar.Amonghisrecentpublicationsareal-Sardiyyatal-(cid:2)arabiyyaal-h.ad¯ıtha (ModernArabicNarratology,2003)andal-Mu.ta¯baqawa’l-ikhtila¯f (IdentificationandDifference,2004). RobertIrwin,aSeniorResearchAssociateoftheHistoryDepartmentofthe SchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudies,LondonUniversity.Hismostrecent booksareNightandHorsesandtheDesert:AnAnthologyofClassicalArabian Literature(1999)andTheAlhambra(2004). SalmaKhadraJayyusi,Palestinianpoetandcritic,DirectorofEast–West NexusandtheProjectfortheTranslationofArabic(PROTA),bothofwhich havepublishedtranslationsandscholarlyworksconcerningAraband MiddleEasternculture.Sheistheauthor,amongmanyotherworks,of TrendsandMovementsinModernArabicPoetry(1977). RemkeKruk,ProfessorofArabicLanguageandCultureatLeiden University,TheNetherlands.Shehaspublishedonavarietyoftopics.Her mainresearchfield,apartfrompopulars¯ıra,isthetransmissionandreception ofGreeknaturalphilosophy,inparticularbiology,intheArabictradition. MargaretLarkin,ProfessorofArabicLiteratureattheUniversityof California,Berkeley.SheistheauthorofTheTheologyofMeaning:(cid:2)Abd al-Qa¯hiral-Jurja¯n¯ı’sTheoryofDiscourse(1995),aswellasarticlesonclassical andmodernArabicliteratureinliteraryandcolloquialArabic. Muhsinal-Musawi,ProfessorofArabicatColumbiaUniversityinNew Yorksince2004,afteralengthyteachingcareerinIraq,Yemen,Tunisand Sharjah.HeistheauthorofnumerousstudiesofArabicliteratureinboth ArabicandEnglish,mostrecentlyThePostcolonialArabicNovel(2003). DwightF.Reynolds,ProfessorofArabicLanguageandLiteratureinthe DepartmentofReligiousStudiesattheUniversityofCalifornia,Santa Barbara.Hepublishesonfolklore,literatureandmusicoftheArabMiddle East. D.S.Richards,EmeritusFellowofStCrossCollege,UniversityofOxford, andUniversityLecturerinArabic(retired).JointauthorofMamluk Jerusalem(1987),translatorofIbnShaddad’sLifeofSaladin(2001)andThe AnnalsoftheTurks(2002),andauthorofnumerousarticlesonmedieval Islamichistory. PhilipSadgrove,Head,MiddleEasternStudies,UniversityofManchester. HeistheauthorofTheEgyptianTheatreintheNineteenthCentury(1996), Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 notes on contributors ix co-authorwithProfessorShmuelMorehofJewishContributionsto Nineteenth-CenturyArabicTheatre(1996)andeditorofHistoryofPrinting andPublishingintheLanguagesandCountriesoftheMiddleEast(2005). WilliamSmythhasaBAinClassicsfromStanfordUniversityandaPhDin NearEasternLanguagesfromNewYorkUniversity.Hehaswrittenand lecturedonthedevelopmentofrhetoricandliterarytheoryintheEuropean andIslamicMiddleAges. DevinStewartteachesArabicandIslamicStudiesatEmoryUniversityin Atlanta,Georgia.Heistheauthor,amongotherstudies,ofTwelverShi‘i Jurisprudence(1991)andIslamicLegalOrthodoxy(1998). MichaelWinter,ProfessorEmeritusoftheHistoryoftheMiddleEast,Tel AvivUniversity.HeistheauthorofbooksandarticlesontheArabcountries undertheMamluksandOttomans,socialaspectsofSufismandeducation intheMiddleEast,including(asco-editorwithAmaliaLevanoni)The MamluksinEgyptianandSyrianPoliticsandSociety(2004). MuhammadLutfial-Yousfi,ProfessorofArabicLiteratureattheUniversity ofTunis,Mannouba.Heistheauthorofamajorstudyofthedevelopment ofArabicliterarygenresandthemodesoftheiranalysis,Fitnat al-mutakhayyal(2002). Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 ABBREVIATIONS AI AnnalesIslamologiques BEO BulletindesEtudesOrientales BSOAS BulletinoftheSchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudies CHALABL TheCambridgeHistoryofArabicLiterature:‘Abbasid Belles-Lettres CHALAND TheCambridgeHistoryofArabicLiterature:TheLiteratureof Al-Andalus CHALMAL TheCambridgeHistoryofArabicLiterature:ModernArabic Literature CHALRLS TheCambridgeHistoryofArabicLiterature:Religion, LearningandScienceinthe‘AbbasidPeriod CHALUP TheCambridgeHistoryofArabicLiterature:ArabicLiterature totheEndoftheUmayyadPeriod EI TheEncyclopaediaofIslam,1stedn EI2 TheEncyclopaediaofIslam,2ndedn GAL C.BrockelmannGeschichtederarabischenLiteratur,and Suppls.I–III IC IslamicCulture JA JournalAsiatique JAL JournalofArabicLiterature JAOS JournaloftheAmericanOrientalSociety JNES JournalofNearEasternStudies JRAS JournaloftheRoyalAsiaticSociety JSS JournalofSemiticStudies QSA QuadernidiStudiArabi WZKM WienerZeitschriftfu¨rdieKundedesMorgenlandes ZDMG Zeitschriftfu¨rDeutschenMorgenlandischenGesellschaft x Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008
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