The Cambridge Companion to the Actress (Cambridge Companions to Literature) PDF
Preview The Cambridge Companion to the Actress (Cambridge Companions to Literature)
the cambridge companion to the actress This Companion brings together sixteen new essays which examine, from variousperspectives,thesocialandculturalroleoftheactressthroughouthistory andacrosscontinents.Eachessayfocusesonaparticularstageinherdevelop- ment,forexampleprofessionalismintheseventeenthcentury;theemergenceof the actress / critic during the Romantic period and, later on, of the actress as best-sellingautobiographer;andthecomingofthedramaschoolswhichledto today’semphasisontheactressasahighlytrainedworkingwoman.Chapters considertheimageoftheactressasacourtesan,asa‘muse’,asarepresentativeof the‘ordinary’housewife,andasapoliticalactivist.Thecollectionalsocontains essays on forms, genres and traditions – on cross-dressing, solo performance, racial constraints and recent Shakespeare – as well as on the actress in early photographyandonfilm.Itsuniquerangewillfascinate,surpriseandinstruct theatre-goersandstudentsalike. THE CAMBRIDGE COMPANION TO THE ACTRESS EDITED BY MAGGIE B. GALE AND JOHN STOKES cambridge university press Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb28ru,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521608541 (cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2007 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2007 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary isbn-13 978-0-521-84606-6hardback isbn-10 0-521-84606-4hardback isbn-13 978-0-521-60854-1paperback isbn-10 0-521-60854-6paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofURLsfor externalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication,anddoesnot guaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. CONTENTS Listofillustrations page vii Notesoncontributors ix Acknowledgements xii 1 Introduction MAGGIE B. GALE AND JOHN STOKES PartI: Turningpoints 1 Revolution,legislationandautonomy 15 GILLI BUSH-BAILEY 2 Spectacle,intellectandauthority:theactressinthe 33 eighteenthcentury ELIZABETH EGER 3 Culturalformations:thenineteenth-centurytouringactress 52 andherinternationalaudiences GAIL MARSHALL 4 Theactressasphotographicicon:fromearlyphotography 74 toearlyfilm DAVID MAYER 5 Theactressandtheprofession:traininginEnglandinthe 95 twentiethcentury LUCIE SUTHERLAND 6 Outoftheordinary:exercisingrestraintinthepost-waryears 116 JOHN STOKES v contents 7 Iconsandlabourers:somepoliticalactresses 134 TONY HOWARD PartII: Professionalopportunities 8 Theactressasmanager 157 JO ROBINSON 9 Byherself:theactressandautobiography,1755–1939 173 VIV GARDNER 10 Thescreenactressfromsilencetosound 193 CHRISTINE GLEDHILL 11 Sidedoorsandserviceelevators:racialconstraintsfor 215 actressesofcolour LYNETTE GODDARD PartIII: Genre,formandtradition 12 Mirroringmen:theactressindrag 235 JACKY BRATTON 13 ‘Studiesinhysteria’:actressandcourtesan,SarahBernhardt 253 andMrsPatrickCampbell ELAINE ASTON 14 Beyondthemuse:theSpanishactressascollaborator 272 MARIA M. DELGADO 15 Goingsolo:anhistoricalperspectiveontheactressand 291 themonologue MAGGIE B. GALE 16 ChangingShakespeare:newpossibilitiesforthemodernactress 314 PENNY GAY 327 Generalreading 330 Index vi ILLUSTRATIONS 1 TheActresses’FranchiseLeague,assembledfortheWomen’s CoronationProcession,17June1911 page6 2 VanessaRedgraveasMrsPankhurstinthefilmofOh! WhataLovelyWar(1969) 7 3 PortraitofElizabethGriffithintheposeofconfidentauthorand actress,surroundedbyvisualiconsofherstageandliterarycareers 45 4 MissCushmanasLadyMacbeth 58 5 MissCushmanasRomeo,andMissSusanCushmanasJuliet,atthe HaymarketTheatre 59 6 EleonoraDuseonherlastvisittoLondon,1923 69 7 MissGlynasConstanceinKingJohn 78 8 TheatricalphotographofMrsJohnWood,b.1845,ne´eVining 82 9 MaryAnderson–a‘Parispanel’ca.1895 87 10 Trainingnotfinishing:amid-twentieth-centuryphotographshowing RADA’sfirstPrincipal,KennethBarnes,addressingsomeofthe academy’sstudents 105 11 PeggyAshcroftwithKennethMooreinTheDeepBlueSea,1952 122 12 YvonneMitchellinTheDividedHeart,1954 124 13 JaneFondaspeakingtoarallyof2,000studentsattheUniversityof SouthCarolinain1970 145 14 DameMadgeKendalatherdesk 174 15 ‘ThereturnfromAmerica’:caricaturebyPaprockisoonafter Modjeska’sfirstappearanceinAmerica,1876 180 16 AlmaTaylor,MissGladysCooper,FlorenceE.Turner,MissViolet HopsonandMissBettyBalfour–thelastinSquibs 196 17 MadeleineCarroll 208 18 SophieOkonedoasCressidainTroilusandCressida,TheNational Theatre,1999 222 19 MadameVestris,‘TheGreenRoomatDruryLaneTheatre:Tomand JerryIntroducedtotheCharactersinDonGiovanni’ 239 vii illustrations 20 VestaTilley:ahandbilladvertisingVestaTilley’smusichallactca. 1894–5 249 21 APunchcartoon(15April1882)showingSarahBernhardtatthetime ofhermarriagetoJacquesDamalaasashootingstarcapturedina weddingring 256 22 JuliaVarleyasDo˜naMusicainDo˜naMusica’sButterflies, Odinteatret,1997 292 23 MissKellyinthecharacterofMrsParthian,byF.W.Wilkin 296 24 MayIsabelFisk 299 25 RuthDraperas‘TheAmericanTourist’inInaChurchinItaly 308 viii CONTRIBUTORS elaine astonisProfessorofContemporaryPerformanceatLancasterUniversity, where she researches and teaches feminist theory, theatre and performance. Her authoredstudiesincludeSarahBernhardt:AFrenchActressontheEnglishStage (1989),TheatreasSign-System,withGeorgeSavona(1991),AnIntroductionto Feminism and Theatre (1995), Caryl Churchill (1997; 2001), Feminist Theatre Practice(1999)andFeministViewsontheEnglishStage(2003). jacky brattonisProfessorofTheatreandCulturalHistoryatRoyalHolloway, University of London. She has written about music hall and other aspects of Romantic and Victorian theatre; her latest publications are New Readings in TheatreHistory(2003)andTheVictorianClown(withAnnFeatherstone,2006). gilli bush-baileyisSeniorLecturerintheDepartmentofDramaandTheatre atRoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon.Shehaspublishedarticlesonpractice- based research in early nineteenth-century theatre and her monograph Treading the Bawds: Actresses and Playwrights on the Late-Stuart Stage (2006) offers a revisionisthistoryofwritingandperformingwomenontheseventeenth-century stage. maria m. delgadois Professor of Drama and Theatre Arts at Queen Mary, UniversityofLondonandco-editorofContemporaryTheatreReview.Herpubli- cationsincludeco-editedvolumesforManchesterUniversityPress:InContactwith theGods?DirectorsTalkTheatre(1996),TheParisJigsaw:Internationalismand theParisStages(2002)andTheatreinCrisis?PerformanceManifestosforaNew Century (2002). Her studies of the Spanish actresses Maria Casare`s, Margarita Xirgu and Nuria Espert are included in ‘Other’ Spanish Theatres: Erasure and InscriptionontheTwentieth-CenturySpanishStage(2003). elizabeth egeris Lecturer in the Department of English at King’s College London and is currently completing a book entitled Living Muses: Women of Reason from Enlightenment to Romanticism. Previous publications include, as co-editor and contributor, Luxury in the Eighteenth Century: Debates, Desires ix
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