The Cambridge Companion to Roman Law

540 Pages·2015·4.161 MB·English

by  David Johnson (Editor)

THE CAMBRIDGE COMPANION TO
ROMAN LAW
S
This bookreflectsthewiderange ofcurrent scholarshipon Romanlaw.
The essays, newly commissioned for this volume, cover the sources of
evidence for classical Roman law; the elements of private law, as well as
criminalandpubliclaw;andthesecondlifeofRomanlawinByzantium,
in civil and canon law, and in political discourse from AD 1100 to the
present. Roman law nowadays is studied in many different ways, which
are reflected in the diversity of approaches in the essays. Some focus on
howthelawevolvedinancientRome,othersonitsplaceinthedailylife
of the Roman citizen, still others on how Roman legal concepts and
doctrineshavebeendeployedthroughtheages.Allofthemareresponses
to one and the same thing: the sheer intellectual vitality of Roman law,
whichhassecureditsplaceasacentralelementintheintellectualtradition
andhistoryoftheWest.
DavidJohnstonisaQueen’sCounselwhopractisesattheBarinScotland,
mainly in the fields of public and commercial law. He holds MA, PhD,
andLLDdegreesfromtheUniversityofCambridge.From1993to1999
he was Regius Professor of Civil Law at the University of Cambridge
and a Fellow of Christ’s College. He is currently an honorary professor
at Edinburgh Law School. Johnston is the author of many publications,
including The Roman Lawof Trusts(1988),Roman Law in Context (1999),
andPrescriptionandLimitation(secondedition,2012).

T C C
HE AMBRIDGE OMPANION TO
ROMAN LAW
S
Edited by
D J
AVID OHNSTON
FacultyofAdvocates,Edinburgh
32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa
CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge.
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www.cambridge.org
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©CambridgeUniversityPress2015
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noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten
permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2015
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
TheCambridgecompaniontoRomanlaw/[editedby]DavidJohnston,
EdinburghLawSchool.
pages cm
isbn978-0-521-89564-4(hardback)
1. Romanlaw. I. Johnston,David,1961–editor.
kja147.c335 2015
340.504–dc23 2014038626
isbn978-0-521-89564-4Hardback
isbn978-0-521-71994-0Paperback
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C
ONTENTS
S
Listofcontributors pagevii
Listofabbreviations ix
Part I Introduction
1. Introduction 3
DAVIDJOHNSTON
2. RomanLawandItsIntellectualContext 9
LAURENSWINKEL
Part II Law Making
3. SourcesofLawfromtheRepublictotheDominate 25
DAVIDIBBETSON
4. RomanLawintheProvinces 45
JOHNRICHARDSON
Part III Roman Law: The Evidence
5. DocumentsinRomanPractice 61
JOSEPHGEORGWOLF
6. WritinginRomanLegalContexts 85
ELIZABETHA.MEYER
7. PatristicSources 97
CAROLINEHUMFRESS
8. JustinianandtheCorpusIurisCivilis 119
WOLFGANGKAISER
v
CONTENTS
Part IV Private Law in Roman Society
9. Slavery,Family,andStatus 151
ANDREWLEWIS
10. Property 175
PAULDUPLESSIS
11. Succession 199
DAVIDJOHNSTON
12. Commerce 213
JEAN-JACQUESAUBERT
13. Delicts 246
A.J.B.SIRKS
14. Litigation 272
ERNESTMETZGER
Part V Criminal and Public Law
15. CrimeandPunishment 301
ANDREWLINTOTT
16. PublicLaw 332
A.J.B.SIRKS
Part VI Byzantium and Beyond
17. TheLawofNewRome:ByzantineLaw 355
BERNARDH.STOLTE
18. TheLegacyofRomanLaw 374
LAURENTMAYALI
19. CanonLawandRomanLaw 396
R.H.HELMHOLZ
20. PoliticalThought 423
MAGNUSRYAN
21. RomanLawintheModernWorld 452
REINHARDZIMMERMANN
Bibliography 481
Index 525
vi
C
ONTRIBUTORS
S
JEAN-JACQUESAUBERTisProfessorofClassicalPhilologyandAncient
HistoryattheUniversityofNeuchâtel.
R.H. HELMHOLZ is Ruth Wyatt Rosenson Professor of Law at the
UniversityofChicago.
CAROLINE HUMFRESS is Reader in History at Birkbeck College,
London.
DAVIDIBBETSONisRegiusProfessorofCivilLawattheUniversityof
Cambridge.
DAVIDJOHNSTONisaQCandHonoraryProfessorattheUniversityof
Edinburgh.
WOLFGANG KAISER is Professor at the Institute for Legal History and
HistoricalComparativeLawattheUniversityofFreiburgimBreisgau.
ANDREW LEWIS is emeritus Professor of Comparative Legal History,
UniversityCollegeLondon.
ANDREWLINTOTTisaFellowofWorcesterCollege,Oxford.
LAURENTMAYALIisLloydM.RobbinsProfessorofLawandDirector
of the Robbins Religious and Civil Law Collection, University of
CaliforniaatBerkeley.
ERNESTMETZGERisDouglasProfessorofCivilLawattheUniversity
ofGlasgow.
vii
LISTOFCONTRIBUTORS
ELIZABETHA.MEYERisProfessorintheDepartmentofHistoryatthe
UniversityofVirginia.
PAUL DU PLESSIS is Senior Lecturer in Civil Law and Legal History at
theUniversityofEdinburgh.
JOHNRICHARDSONisemeritusProfessorofClassicsattheUniversity
ofEdinburgh
MAGNUSRYANisaFellowofPeterhouse,Cambridge.
A.J.B.SIRKSisemeritusRegiusProfessorofCivilLawattheUniversity
ofOxford.
BERNARDH.STOLTEisProfessorofByzantineLawattheUniversityof
Groningen.
LAURENSWINKELisProfessorattheErasmusSchoolofLaw,Erasmus
UniversityRotterdam.
JOSEPH GEORG WOLF is emeritus Professor at the Institute for Legal
HistoryandHistoricalComparativeLawattheUniversityofFreiburgim
Breisgau.
REINHARD ZIMMERMANN is Professor and Director at the
Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht,
Hamburg.
viii
A
BBREVIATIONS
S
1. GENERAL
AARC Attidell’AccademiaRomanisticaCostantiniana
AE L’AnnéeÉpigraphique
AJP AmericanJournalofPhilology
ANRW AufstiegundNiedergangderrömischenWelt,editedby
H.Temporini(Berlin,1972–)
BIDR Bulletinodell’IstitutodiDirittoRomano
c. caput(i.e.,chapter)
C. CodeofJustinian(Corpusiuriscivilisvol.2,edited
byP.Krueger)
C.1q.1c.1 DecretumGratiani,Causa1,quaestio1,canon1
CAH CambridgeAncientHistory,2ndedn.(Cambridge,
1970–2005)
CCG CahiersduCentreGlotz
CGL CorpusGlossariorumLatinorum,editedbyG.Goetz,
7vols.(Leipzig,1893–1901)
CIL CorpusInscriptionumLatinarum(Berlin)
Collatio MosaicarumetRomanarumLegumCollatio(inFIRA
vol.2,541–89)
CPL CorpusPapyrorumLatinarum,editedby
R.Cavenaile(Wiesbaden,1958)
CQ ClassicalQuarterly
C.Th. TheodosianCode
D. Digest(Corpusiuriscivilisvol.1,editedby
T.MommsenandP.Krueger)
DD Doctores(authoritativejuristsontheiuscommune)
Dist.1c.1 DecretumGratiani,Distinctio1,canon1
D.p. Dictumpost(intheDecretumGratiani)
Ed.Just. EdictofJustinian
ix
LISTOFABBREVIATIONS
FIR FontesIurisRomani,editedbyC.G.Bruns,7th
edn.byO.Gradenwitz(Tübingen,1909)
FIRA FontesIurisRomaniAnteiustiniani,editedby
S.Riccobono,J.Baviera,C.Ferrini,J.Furlani,and
V.Arangio-Ruiz,3vols.,2ndedn.
(Florence,1968)
fo. folio
FV FragmentaVaticana(inFIRAvol.2,463–540)
Gaius InstitutesofGaius
gl. gloss
gl.ord. glossaordinaria
ILS InscriptionesLatinaeSelectae
Inst. InstitutesofJustinian(Corpusiuriscivilisvol.1,
editedbyP.Krueger)
JJP JournalofJuristicPapyrology
JRS JournalofRomanStudies
lexIrn. lexIrnitana
lib. liber(i.e.,book)
ms manuscript
Nov. Novels(Corpusiuriscivilisvol.3,editedby
RSchoellandG.Kroll)
PS Paulisententiae(inFIRAvol.2,317–417)
PSI PubblicazionidellaSocietàitalianaperlaricerca
deipapyrigrecielatiniinEgitto
RAAN Rendicontidell’AccademiadiArcheologiaLettere
eBelleArtidiNapoli
RAC ReallexikonfürAntikeundChristentum
(Stuttgart,1950–2012)
RE PaulysRealencyclopädiederclassichen
Altertumswissenschaft,editedbyG.Wissowaetal.
(Stuttgart,1894–1978)
RHDFE RevueHistoriquedeDroitFrançaisetÉtranger
RIDA RevueInternationaledesDroitsdel’Antiquité
RomanStatutes RomanStatutes,editedbyM.H.Crawford,2
vols.(London,1996)
SB SammelbuchGriechischerUrkundenausÄgypten
SDHI StudiaetDocumentaHistoriaeetIuris
SEG SupplementumEpigraphicumGraecum
Sext1.1.1 LiberSextus,Lib.1,tit.1,cap.1
TH Herculaneumtablet
x