The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Scepticism (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy) PDF
Preview The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Scepticism (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy)
the cambridge companion to ANCIENT SCEPTICISM Thisvolumeoffersacomprehensivesurveyofthemainper- iods,schools,andindividualproponentsofscepticisminthe ancientGreekandRomanworld.Thecontributorsexamine the major developments chronologically and historically, ranging from the early antecedents of scepticism to the Pyrrhonist tradition. They address the central philosophical andinterpretiveproblemssurroundingthesceptics’ideason subjects including belief, action, and ethics. Finally, they explore the effects which these forms of scepticism had beyond the ancient period, and the ways in which ancient scepticismdiffersfromscepticismasithasbeenunderstood since Descartes. The volume will serve as an accessible and wide-ranging introduction to the subject for non-specialists, while also offering considerable depth and detail for more advancedreaders. richard bett is Professor of Philosophy and Classics at JohnsHopkinsUniversity.Hispreviouspublicationsinclude Pyrrho, his Antecedents and his Legacy (2000), and trans- lations of Sextus Empiricus’ Against the Ethicists (1997, withcommentary)andAgainsttheLogicians(2005). OTHER VOLUMES IN THE SERIES OF CAMBRIDGE COMPANIONS ABELARD Editedbyjeffreye.browerandkevinguilfoy ADORNO Editedbythomashuhn ANSELM Editedbybriandaviesandbrianleftow AQUINAS Editedbynormankretzmannand eleonorestump ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Editedbypeteradamsonand richardc.taylor HANNAH ARENDT Editedbydanavilla ARISTOTLE Editedbyjonathanbarnes ATHEISM Editedbymichaelmartin AUGUSTINE Editedbyeleonorestumpand normankretzmann BACON Editedbymarkkupeltonen BERKELEY Editedbykennethp.winkler BOETHIUS Editedbyjohnmarenbon BRENTANO Editedbydalejacquette CARNAP Editedbymichaelfriedmanandrichardcreath CRITICAL THEORY Editedbyfredrush DARWIN 2nd edition Editedbyjonathanhodgeand gregoryradick SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR Editedbyclaudiacard DESCARTES Editedbyjohncottingham DUNS SCOTUS Editedbythomaswilliams EARLY GREEK PHILOSOPHY Editedbya.a.long EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHY Editedby donaldrutherford FEMINISM IN PHILOSOPHY Editedbymirandafricker andjenniferhornsby FOUCAULT 2nd edition Editedbygarygutting FREUD Editedbyjeromeneu GADAMER Editedbyrobertj.dostal GALEN Editedbyr.j.hankinson GALILEO Editedbypetermachamer GERMAN IDEALISM Editedbykarlameriks GREEK AND ROMAN PHILOSOPHY Editedby davidsedley HABERMAS Editedbystephenk.white HAYEK Editedbyedwardfeser HEGEL Editedbyfrederickc.beiser HEGEL AND NINETEENTH-CENTURY PHILOSOPHY Editedbyfrederickc.beiser HEIDEGGER 2nd Edition Editedbycharlesguignon HOBBES Editedbytomsorell HOBBES’ “LEVIATHAN” Editedbypatriciaspringborg HUME 2nd edition Editedbydavidfatenortonand jacquelinetaylor HUSSERL Editedbybarrysmithand davidwoodruffsmith WILLIAM JAMES Editedbyruthannaputnam KANT Editedbypaulguyer KANT AND MODERN PHILOSOPHY Editedby paulguyer KEYNES Editedbyrogere.backhouseand bradleyw.bateman KIERKEGAARD Editedbyalastairhannayand gordonmarino LEIBNIZ Editedbynicholasjolley LEVINAS Editedbysimoncritchleyand robertbernasconi LOCKE Editedbyverechappell LOCKE’S “ESSAY CONCERNING HUMAN UNDERSTANDING” Editedbylexnewman LOGICAL EMPIRICISM Editedbyalanrichardsonand thomasuebel MAIMONIDES Editedbykennethseeskin MALEBRANCHE Editedbystevennadler MARX Editedbyterrellcarver MEDIEVAL JEWISH PHILOSOPHY Editedby danielh.frankandoliverleaman MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY Editedbya.s.mcgrade MERLEAU-PONTY Editedbytaylorcarmanand markb.n.hansen MILL Editedbyjohnskorupski MONTAIGNE Editedbyullrichlanger NEWTON Editedbyi.bernardcohenandgeorgee.smith NIETZSCHE Editedbyberndmagnusandkathleenhiggins OCKHAM Editedbypaulvincentspade THE “ORIGIN OF SPECIES” Editedbymichaelruseand robertj.richards PASCAL Editedbynicholashammond PEIRCE Editedbycherylmisak THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIOLOGY Editedbydavidl.hull andmichaelruse PLATO Editedbyrichardkraut PLATO’S “REPUBLIC” Editedbyg.r.f.ferrari PLOTINUS Editedbylloydp.gerson QUINE Editedbyrogerf.gibsonjr. RAWLS Editedbysamuelfreeman RENAISSANCE PHILOSOPHY Editedbyjameshankins THOMAS REID Editedbyterencecuneoandrene´ vanwoudenberg ROUSSEAU Editedbypatrickriley BERTRAND RUSSELL Editedbynicholasgriffin SARTRE Editedbychristinahowells SCHOPENHAUER Editedbychristopherjanaway THE SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT Editedby alexanderbroadie ADAM SMITH Editedbyknudhaakonssen SPINOZA Editedbydongarrett THE STOICS Editedbybradinwood TOCQUEVILLE Editedbycherylb.welch WITTGENSTEIN Editedbyhansslugaanddavidstern The Cambridge Companion to ANCIENT SCEPTICISM Edited by Richard Bett JohnsHopkinsUniversity CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore, SãoPaulo,Delhi,Dubai,Tokyo CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb28ru,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaby CambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521874762 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2010 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2010 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata TheCambridgecompaniontoancientscepticism/[editedby]RichardBett. p. cm.–(Cambridgecompanionstophilosophy) isbn978-0-521-87476-2(hardback) 1. Skeptics(Greekphilosophy) 2. Skepticism–Rome. I. Bett,Richard ArnotHome. B525.C36 2010 186–dc22 2009036361 isbn978-0-521-87476-2Hardback isbn978-0-521-69754-5Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetwebsitesreferredto inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. contents Listofcontributors pageix Abbreviations xii Introduction richard bett 1 I OriginsandDevelopment 11 1 AntecedentsinearlyGreekphilosophy mi-kyoung lee 13 2 PyrrhoandearlyPyrrhonism svavar hrafn svavarsson 36 3 ArcesilausandCarneades harald thorsrud 58 4 ThescepticalAcademy:declineandafterlife carlos le´vy 81 5 AenesidemusandtherebirthofPyrrhonism r.j. hankinson 105 6 SextusEmpiricus pierre pellegrin 120 II TopicsandProblems 143 7 Scepticismandbelief casey perin 145 8 Scepticismandaction katja maria vogt 165 vii viii Contents 9 Scepticismandethics richard bett 181 10 AcademicsversusPyrrhonists,reconsidered gisela striker 195 11 ThePyrrhonianModes paul woodruff 208 12 Pyrrhonismandmedicine james allen 232 13 Pyrrhonismandthespecializedsciences emidio spinelli 249 III BeyondAntiquity 265 14 Therediscoveryandposthumousinfluence ofscepticism luciano floridi 267 15 Descartes’transformationofthescepticaltradition michael williams 288 Bibliography 314 Index 346 IndexLocorum 370 contributors james allen is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh. He is the author of Inference from Signs: Ancient Debatesabout theNatureofEvidence(2001)andarangeofarticles aboutaspectsofStoicism,Epicureanism,ancientscepticism,ancient medicine,andAristotelianlogic,amongotherthings.Heiscurrently working on a book about the Aristotelian disciplines of argument (logic,rhetoric,anddialectic). richard bett is Professor of Philosophy and Classics at Johns Hopkins University. His scholarly work has focused particularly on the ancientsceptics.Heis theauthorofPyrrho,his Antecedentsand hisLegacy(Oxford,2000),andhastranslatedSextusEmpiricus’Against the Ethicists (Oxford, 1997, with introduction and commentary) and AgainsttheLogicians(Cambridge,2005,withintroductionandnotes). HeiscurrentlyworkingonatranslationofSextusEmpiricus’Against the Physicists for Cambridge University Press. He has also published articlesonPlato,Socrates,theSophists,theStoics,andNietzsche. luciano floridi is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hertfordshire, where he holds the Research Chair in Philosophy of Information, and Fellow of St Cross College, University of Oxford. He works on scepticism, the philosophy of information and information ethics. He is President of the International Association forComputingandPhilosophyandGaussProfessoroftheAcademy ofSciencesinGöttingen.HisforthcomingbookisThePhilosophyof Information(OUP). r.j. hankinson is Professor of Philosophy and Classics at the University of Texas at Austin. He has published numerous articles ix
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