The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Rhetoric (Cambridge Companions to Literature)

358 Pages·2009·1.99 MB·English

by  Erik Gunderson (Ed.)

the cambridge companion to
ancient rhetoric
Rhetoric thoroughly infused the world and literature of Greco-Roman
antiquity. This Companion provides a comprehensive overview of rhetorical
theoryandpracticeinthatworld,fromHomertoearlyChristianity,accessible
to students and non-specialists, whether within classics or from other periods
and disciplines. Its basic premise is that rhetoric is less a discrete object to be
grasped and mastered than a hotly contested set of practices that include
disputes over the very definition of rhetoric itself. Standard treatments of
ancient oratory tend to take it too much on its own terms and to isolate it
unduly from other social and cultural concerns. This volume provides an
overview of the shape and scope of the problems while also identifying core
themes and propositions: for example, persuasion, virtue, and public life are
virtual constants. But they mix and mingle differently, and the contents
designatedbyeachofthesetermscanalsoshift.
Acompletelistofbooksintheseriesisatthebackofthebook.

THE CAMBRIDGE
COMPANION TO
ANCIENT RHETORIC
EDITED BY
ERIK GUNDERSON
cambridge university press
Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi
CambridgeUniversityPress
TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb28ru,UK
PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork
www.cambridge.org
Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521677868
#CambridgeUniversityPress2009
Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout
thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2009
PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge
AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
TheCambridgecompaniontoancientrhetoric/editedbyErikGunderson.
p. cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes.
isbn978-0-521-86054-3–isbn978-0-521-67786-8(paperback)
1. Rhetoric,Ancient. I.Gunderson,Erik. II.Title.
pa181.c362009
8080.0938–dc22
2009010979
isbn978-0-521-86054-3hardback
isbn978-0-521-67786-8paperback
CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor
accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetwebsitesreferredto
inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch
websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.
CONTENTS
Notesoncontributors pagevii
Acknowledgments x
Introduction 1
ERIK GUNDERSON
PART I AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF RHETORIC
1 Fightingwords:status,stature,andverbalcontestinarchaicpoetry 27
NANCY WORMAN
2 Thephilosophyofrhetoricandtherhetoricofphilosophy 43
ROBERT WARDY
3 Codificationsofrhetoric 59
MALCOLM HEATH
PART II THE FIELD OF LANGUAGE
4 Divisionsofspeech 77
CATHERINE STEEL
5 Rhetoric,aesthetics,andthevoice 92
JAMES PORTER
6 Therhetoricofrhetoricaltheory 109
ERIK GUNDERSON
7 Thepoliticsofrhetoricaleducation 126
JOY CONNOLLY
v
contents
PART III THE PRACTICE OF RHETORIC
8 Typesoforatory 145
JON HESK
9 RhetoricoftheAtheniancitizen 162
VICTORIAWOHL
10 RhetoricandtheRomanRepublic 178
JOHN DUGAN
11 StagingrhetoricinAthens 194
DAVID ROSENBLOOM
12 ThedramaofrhetoricatRome 212
WILLIAM BATSTONE
13 RhetoricandtheSecondSophistic 228
SIMON GOLDHILL
PART IV EPILOGUES
14 RhetoricalpracticeandperformanceinearlyChristianity 245
TODD PENNER AND CAROLINE VANDER STICHELE
15 Rediscoveriesofclassicalrhetoric 261
PETER MACK
16 Therunaround:avolumeretrospectonancientrhetorics 278
JOHN HENDERSON
Appendix1:Rhetoricalterms 291
Appendix2:Authorsandprominentindividuals 299
References 314
Indexofpassages 333
Indexofsubjects 345
vi
NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS
williamw.batstoneisProfessorofGreekandLatinatTheOhioStateUniversity.
Hismajorinterestsconcerntheintersectionsbetweenmoderntheoriesofculture,
psychology,literature,history,andrhetoricandtheancientpracticeofliterature
and the performance of self. He especially studies the prose and poetry of the
Roman Republic. He has written on Plautus, Sallust, Caesar, Catullus, Cicero,
Vergil,Horace,andPropertius,includingabook(withCynthiaDamon)onJulius
Caesar’sCivilWar.
joyconnollyisAssociateProfessorofClassicsatNewYorkUniversity.Herwork
includes The State of Speech: Rhetoric and Political Thought in Ancient Rome
(2007)andarticlesonLatinpoetry,Greekimperialculture,andtheseventeenth-
and eighteenth-century reception of classical texts. Currently she is writing Talk
about Virtue, a book about Roman republicanism and its relevance for contem-
porarypoliticaltheory,andessaysonVergilandtheyoungerPliny.
john dugan is Associate Professor of Classics at the University at Buffalo and
co-editor of the journal Arethusa. He is the author of Making a New Man:
CiceronianSelf-FashioningintheRhetoricalWorks(2005).Hehasalsopublished
articles on the interaction between ancient medicine and literary theory and
modern critical approaches to Roman rhetoric. He is currently working on a
projectrelatedtoCicero’spoliticalandlegaltheory.
simon goldhill is Professor of Greek at Cambridge University, and a Fellow of
King’sCollege.HehaspublishedwidelyonmanyaspectsofGreekliteratureand
its relation to Greek culture and to the classical tradition. His books include
Reading Greek Tragedy (1986), The Poet’s Voice (1989), Foucault’s Virginity
(1998), Who Needs Greek? (2000), and most recently How to Stage Greek
TragedyToday(2008)andJerusalem,CityofLonging(2008).ProfessorGoldhill
hasalsotaughtatParis,Princeton,Chicago,andlecturedallovertheworld.
erikgundersonisAssociateProfessorofClassicsattheUniversityofToronto.He
istheauthorofStagingMasculinity:TheRhetoricofPerformanceintheRoman
vii
notes on contributors
World (2000), Declamation, Paternity and Roman Identity: Authority, and the
RhetoricalSelf(2003),andNoxPhilologiae:AulusGelliusandtheFantasyofthe
Ancient Library (2009). His research interests include ancient rhetoric, Latin
prose,andliterarytheory.
malcolm heath is ProfessorofGreekLanguageandLiteratureattheUniversityof
Leeds.HispublicationsonancientrhetoricincludeHermogenesonIssues:Strategiesof
ArgumentinLaterGreekRhetoric(1995)andMenander:ARhetorinContext(2004).
HeisalsotheauthorofThePoeticsofGreekTragedy(1987),PoliticalComedyin
Aristophanes(1987),UnityinGreekPoetics(1989),andInterpretingClassicalTexts
(2002), and he has translated Aristotle’s Poetics for Penguin Classics (1996). He is
currentlyworkingonastudyofAristotle’santhropologyofpoetry,asapreliminary
steptowardsthelong-termgoalofatheoreticalcommentaryonthePoetics.
john henderson is Professor of Classics at the University of Cambridge and a
Fellow of King’s College. His books on Latin authors include monographs on
Plautus, Phaedrus, Seneca, Statius, Pliny, Juvenal, and Isidore, besides general
studiesofepic,comedy,satire,history,art,culture,andthehistoryofclassics.
jon hesk is Senior Lecturer in Greek and Classical Studies at the University of
St. Andrews. He is the author of Deception and Democracy in Classical Athens
(2000) and Sophocles’ Ajax (2003). He is currently working on a number of
projectstodowithGreekdramaandGreekrhetoric.
peter mack is Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University
of Warwick.His books include Renaissance Argument:Vallaand Agricolain the
TraditionsofRhetoricandDialectic(1993)andElizabethanRhetoric:Theoryand
Practice(2002).HeeditedthejournalRhetorica1998–2002.Heiscurrentlyworking
onstudiesofMontaigneandShakespeareandaHistoryofRenaissancerhetoric.
toddpennerisAssociateProfessorofReligiousStudiesandDirectoroftheGender
StudiesProgramatAustinCollege(Texas).HeisauthorofInPraiseofChristian
Origins:StephenandtheHellenistsinLukanApologeticHistoriography(2004).
Most recently, he has focused on the secular modern formations of biblical
scholarship.TogetherwithCarolineVanderStichele,hehaseditedseveralcollec-
tions of essays dealing with gender in ancient religious discourses, the early
Christian book of Acts, feminist and post-colonial criticisms applied to biblical
traditions, and method and theory in the study of religion. They have also
co-authoredagender-criticalintroductiontoearlyChristianliterature.
jamesi.porterisProfessorofClassicsandComparativeLiteratureattheUniversity
ofCalifornia,Irvine.Hisresearchareasareinliterature,aesthetics,andintellectual
history.HeistheauthorofNietzscheandthePhilologyoftheFuture(2000)and
TheInventionofDionysus:AnEssayonTheBirthofTragedy(2000),andeditor
viii
notes on contributors
of Constructions of the Classical Body (1999) and Classical Pasts: The Classical
TraditionsofGreeceandRome(2006).HisbookTheOriginsofAestheticInquiryin
AncientGreece:Matter,SensationandExperience,isforthcomingfromCambridge
University Press. His next projects include a study of the idea of Homer from
antiquitytothepresentandastudyofancientliteraryaestheticsafterAristotle.
david rosenbloom is Senior Lecturer in Classics at Victoria University of
Wellington, New Zealand and Visiting Associate Professor of Classics at Johns
HopkinsUniversity.InadditiontoabookonAeschylus’PersiansintheDuckworth
Companions to Greek and Roman Tragedy series, he has published on tragedy,
comedy,oratory,andfifth-centuryAthenianhistory.
catherine steel is Professor of Classics at the University of Glasgow. She is the
authorofCicero,RhetoricandEmpire(2001),ReadingCicero(2005),andRoman
Oratory(2006).
caroline vander stichele is Lecturer in Religious Studies at the University of
Amsterdam.Herresearchfocusesontheculturalreceptionofbiblicalcharacters
andimages,aswellastherhetoricofgenderinearlyChristianity.Mostrecently
she hasbeen working on the reception of Salome in modernarts. Together with
Todd Penner, she has co-authored numerous essays on gender constructions and
ideologyinthebookofActs,thewritingsofPaul,andotherearlyChristiantexts.
They have also co-written several essays related to the reception of the Bible in
film,andhavejustcompletedaco-authoredgender-criticalintroductiontoearly
Christianliterature.
robert wardy teaches philosophy and classics at St. Catharine’s College, the
University of Cambridge. He is the author of The Birth of Rhetoric: Gorgias,
Plato and their Successors (1996), Aristotle in China: Language, Categories and
Translation (2000) and Doing Greek Philosophy (2006). His research interests
includetheoriesofrationalityandmotivation.
victoriawohlisAssociateProfessorofClassicsattheUniversityofToronto.Sheis
the author of Intimate Commerce: Exchange, Gender, and Subjectivity in Greek
Tragedy(1998)andLoveamongtheRuins:TheEroticsofDemocracyinClassical
Athens(2003).HercurrentprojectisastudyofthelegaldiscourseofclassicalAthens,
Law’sCosmos:JuridicalDiscourseinAthenianForensicOratory(forthcoming).
nancy worman is Associate Professor of Classics and Comparative Literature at
Barnard College, Columbia University. She works on Greek drama, Greek and
Romanrhetoric,andancientliterarycriticism.Herlatestbook,AbusiveMouths
in Classical Athens (2008), looks at the imagery of insult and appetite in Greek
drama,oratory,andrhetoricaltheory.Sheiscurrentlyatworkonanewproject
thatexploreslandscapeimageryinancientliterarycriticism.
ix