The Business of Leisure: Tourism History in Latin America and the Caribbean

343 Pages·2021·19.078 MB·English

by  Andrew Grant Wood

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THE BUSINESS OF LEISURE
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The BUSINESS of
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LEISURE
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Tourism History in Latin America 16
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and the Caribbean
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Edited by 21
Andrew GrAnt wood
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University of Nebraska Press 28
Lincoln 29
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15 © 2021 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska
16 Portions of chapter 6 first appeared in Making Machu Picchu: The Politics of Tourism
17 in Twentieth- Century Peru, by Mark Rice. Copyright © 2018 by the University of
North Carolina Press. Used by permission of the publisher. www .uncpress .org
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All rights reserved
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Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
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Names: Wood, Andrew Grant, 1958– editor.
22 Title: The business of leisure: tourism history in Latin America and the Caribbean /
Edited by Andrew Grant Wood.
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Description: Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, [2021]
24 Includes bibliographical references and index.
25 Identifiers: lccn 2020007575
isbn 9781496213228 (hardback)
26 isbn 9781496223401 (paperback)
27 isbn 9781496224088 (epub)
isbn 9781496224095 (mobi)
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isbn 9781496224101 (pdf)
29 Subjects: lcsh: Tourism— Latin America— History— 20th century. | Tourism—
Caribbean Area— History— 20th century. | Latin America— Economic conditions. |
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Caribbean Area— Economic conditions.
31 Classification: lcc g155.l3 b87 2021 | ddc 338.4/7918— dc23
lc record available at https:// lccn .loc .gov /2020007575
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Set in Scala OT by Laura Buis.
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Contents 4
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List of Illustrations . . vii 15
Acknowledgments . . ix 16
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Introduction: Travel History’s Checkered Past
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as Prelude to Future Catastrophe? . . 1
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Andrew GrAnt wood
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Part 1. Burgeoning International Travel 21
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1. From the Andes to the Alps: Colombian Writers
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on Travels in Europe . . 23
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Meri L. CLArk
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2. Railroads and Steamships: Foreign Investment in the Early
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Development of Peruvian Tourism, 1900– 1930 . . 49
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FernAndo ArMAs Asín
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3. Changing Caribbean Routes: 29
The Rise of International Air Travel . . 67 30
BLAke C. sC ott 31
4. From the “Romance of Industry” to the “National Soul”: 32
Promoting Travel in the Pan American Union . . 85 33
AnAdeLiA r oMo 34
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1 Part 2. Developing National Tourism
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5. The Making of an Elite Tourist Enclave:
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Viña del Mar’s Miramar Beach, Chile (1872– 1910) . . 119
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rodriGo Booth
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6. “To Know Peru Is to Admire It”: National Tourism
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Promotion and Populism in Peru, 1930– 1948 . . 147
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MArk riC e
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7. Domestic Tourism in Golden- Age Veracruz, Mexico . . 171
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10 Andrew GrAnt wood
11 8. The Hotel Casino Project That Put Ecuador’s
12 Tourism Hopes on Pause . . 195
13 kenneth r. kinCAid
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Part 3. Politics, Projects, and Postwar Possibilities
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9. An Alliance for Tourists: The Transformation of Guatemalan
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Tourism Development, 1935– 1982 . . 223
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18 evAn wArd
19 10. “Created by God” (or Columbus?) for Tourism: Building
20 Tourism Fantasy in the Dominican Republic, 1966– 1978 . . 245
21 eLizABeth MAnLey
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Part 4. Postmodern Ironies and Dark Tourism
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11. Mina El Edén and Dark Tourism in Zacatecas, Mexico . . 279
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25 roCio GoMez
26 12. Netflix Narcos and Narco- Tours: Film Tourism Meets Dark
27 Tourism in Medellín, Colombia . . 299
28 FéLix MAnueL Bur Gos
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List of Contributors . . 317
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Index . . 321
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iLLustrAtions 4
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1. John Tallis’s map of South America, 1850 . . 4 15
2. José Clemente Orozco, Turistas y Aztecas, 1935 . . 15 16
3. Victorian hikers on the Chamonix glacier in the 17
Savoy Alps, 1867 . . 32 18
4. Adolphe Braun, Swiss Alps above Chamonix, ca. 1858 . . 33 19
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5. Unidentified artist, “The English have invaded” . . 36
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6. Neptune party, Grace Line steamer, 1923 . . 52
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7. Map of Peru Southern Railways routes . . 54
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8. Hiram Bingham III, Machu Picchu in 1912 . . 57
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9. Lima, Oroya, and Huancayo Railroad . . 58
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10. Pan American World Airways first passenger
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flight, 1928 . . 68
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11. Cover of New Horizons magazine featuring
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Yankee Clippers Sail Again . . 72
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12. Pan American World Airways brochure, The Air- Way to
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Havana . . 74
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13. Camilo Blas, Peruvian Country Dance . . 97 32
14. February (Refusing to go in the water), from Zig- Zag 33
magazine, 1908 . . 122 34
15. Lifeguard Miguel Pérez, pictured in Sucesos, 1916 . . 124 35
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1 16. View of Miramar Beach, from Sucesos, 1916 . . 130
2 17. Swimmers at Miramar Beach, from Sucesos, 1916 . . 131
3 18. Games at the Valparaíso Sporting Club . . 137
4 19. Arriving at the beach in Viña del Mar, from Zig- Zag
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magazine, 1905 . . 139
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20. Hotel Company of Peru advertisement for government- built
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hotels, 1941 . . 148
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21. Advertisement for Huancayo, Tingo María, and
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Huánuco hotels, 1944 . . 156
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22. Advertisement for Hotel Cusco, 1944 . . 158
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23. Advertisement for Hotel Puno, 1944 . . 159
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24. Villa del Mar, ca. 1925 . . 173
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25. Hotel Diligencias and Veracruz city center, ca. 1950 . . 176
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26. Advertisement for Mexico City– Veracruz bus schedules
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and ticket prices, ca. 1950 . . 181
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27. Ignacio Zaragosa, Hotel Villa del Mar Swimming Pool,
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1950 . . 184
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19 28. Female champion, Veracruz Deep Sea Rodeo, 1948 . . 185
20 29. Map of Ecuador . . 198
21 30. Otavalo Plaza . . 201
22 31. Lake San Pablo . . 214
23 32. Inti Raymi dancers, Otavalo . . 215
24 33. Ecuadorian woman . . 217
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34. Tikal airfield, 1971 . . 232
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35. Tikal temple 1 . . 235
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36. Postcard showing La Ceiba de Colón . . 256
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37. C. B. Waite, Historic Downtown Zacatecas, ca. 1900 . . 282
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38. Tourists at silver mine entrance . . 284
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39. Pablo Escobar mug shot . . 301
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40. Narcotourism graph, 2014– 17 . . 304
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41. Narco- Tour packages . . 305
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34 42. Colombia narco hoodies . . 306
35 43. Tourists and guide in Medellín . . 307
36 44. Medellín neighborhood . . 310
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ACknowLedGMents 4
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It may have first been Confucius who quite wisely observed, “Wher- 15
ever you go, there you are.” So saying, our informal tourism his- 16
tory collective would not have gotten very far without the support 17
of Bridget Barry, Elizabeth Zaleski, copyeditor Maureen Bemko, 18
and the rest of the University of Nebraska Press team. Thank you 19
and safe travels to you all! 20
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