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The Bombing War: Europe 1939-1945 PDF

770 Pages·2013·7.66 MB·English
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Richard Overy THE BOMBING WAR Europe 1939–1945 Contents List of Illustrations Maps Abbreviations in the Text Preface Prologue: Bombing Bulgaria 1 Bombing before 1940: Imagined and Real PART ONE Germany’s Bombing War 2 The First Strategic Air Offensive, September 1940 to June 1941 3 Taking It? British Society and the Blitz 4 The Untold Chapter: The Bombing of Soviet Cities PART TWO ‘The Greatest Battle’: Allied Bombers over Europe 5 The Sorcerer’s Apprentice: Bomber Command 1939–42 6 The Combined Bomber Offensive: Germany 1943–5 7 The Logic of Total War: German Society under the Bombs 8 Italy: The War of Bombs and Words 9 Bombing Friends, Bombing Enemies: Germany’s New Order PART THREE ‘The Greatest Miscalculation’? 10 The Balance Sheet of Bombing Epilogue: Lessons Learned and Not Learned: Bombing into the Post-War World Illustrations Bibliography and Sources Notes Acknowledgements Follow Penguin Oh bountiful Gods of the air! Oh Science and Progress! You great big wonderful world! Oh what have you done? John Betjeman, ‘1940’ List of Illustrations 1. A crashed Junkers Ju88 bomber during the Battle of Britain 2. German aircrew take an athletic break from the bombing campaign 3. A British Midlands pub still doing business despite the bombing 4. A building in Manchester crashes onto the street during a Blitz raid 5. A civil defence rescue team in London hunts for survivors 6. A British businessman and civil defence personnel rescue office files 7. A funeral procession in East London in 1943 after a hit and run raid destroyed a school 8. Students of the Ivan Pavlov Medical School in Leningrad form a First Aid squad during the bombing of the city 9. Inhabitants rush for shelter during the heavy bombing of Stalingrad in August 1942 10. Leaflets from the political warfare campaign are loaded onto an RAF bomber 11. 500-lb bombs being stored during the early stages of the bombing of Germany, 1940 12. A dinner for the American and British commanders of the Combined Bomber Offensive, 1943 13. An American crew on an RAF bomber base scrawl messages on a bomb destined for Germany 14. Two RAF crewmen show the strain of the operation on their safe return to base 15. A B-24 Liberator bomber hit by anti-aircraft shells and on fire during an operation 16. A German fighter crashes in the German countryside during the 1944 ‘Battle of Germany’ 17. The Fieseler aircraft works at Kassel, Germany, destroyed during the campaign against German aircraft production, 1944 18. Two elderly German women escaping the bombing of Ebenfurth in September 1943 19. A young girl in the German BDM helping the civil defenders during the bombing of Düsseldorf, July 1943 20. A British artist’s impression of a Lancaster raid over the Ruhr emphasizes the effort to hit ‘military targets’ 21. A farm destroyed by a bomb during a raid on the industrial city of Dortmund in May 1943 22. Two circus elephants help to move a wrecked car following the firebombing of Hamburg in July 1943 23. Concentration camp workers used to clear up the debris in Hamburg after Operation Gomorrah, August 1943 24. Joseph Goebbels visits the German city of Kassel after the firebombing of October 1943 25. A row of carbonated bodies and body parts in Kassel as a result of the firestorm in the city in October 1943 26. Boys gather to collect fresh water from a well in the Maltese capital of Valletta during the aerial siege of the island in 1942 27. The ruins of a railway marshalling yard in Rome after the bombing of the Italian capital on 19 July 1943 28. Workers watch the FIAT factory at Lingotto in Turin in flames after a raid in March 1944 29. An ex voto painting put up in the Basilica della Consolata, Turin, to thank the Madonna for saving a family from the bombs 30. An American high-level raid against Paris during the campaign to hit transport and industrial targets in German-occupied Europe 31. The ruins of the French port of Le Havre after it was obliterated by Allied bombing Illustrations are reproduced courtesy of the Imperial War Museum, London (pictures 1–7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18–22, 26, 30, 31), the Society for Cooperation in Russian and Soviet Studies, London (8, 9), the RAF Museum, Hendon (12), the Library of Congress, Washington DC (15–17), Hamburg Staatsarchiv (23), Stadtarchiv Kassel (24, 25), Archivio Storico della Città di Torino (28), and Santuario Basilica della Consolata, Torino (29).

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This is the ultimate history of the Blitz and bombing in the Second World War, from Wolfson Prize-winning historian and author Richard Overy. The use of massive fleets of bombers to kill and terrorize civilians was an aspect of the Second World War which continues to challenge the idea that Allies s
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