The Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic (Blackwell Philosophy Guides)

519 Pages·2001·19.51 MB·English

by  Lou Goble

—— Blackwell Philosophy Guides

Sri ion: Steven M, Cab, Csy Univeiy of New York Graduate Schoo!

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1 The Wlackwell (Guide eo Epleemotogy
ded by John Gre a aye Soe

2 ‘The Blackwell Guide to Behical Thaney
Edad by Hugh Lafolee

3 The Blackwall Guide to the Madern Phitosephers
ite! by Steven M1. Emma!

4 The Blackwell Goide to Fhilnsopbical Logie

5 The Riackwall Gaide to Sura] and Pothiea} Philosophy
Leted by Reber Sima

6 The Blackwell Guide so Husiness Ethie,
cal by Nirman Bek

7 Toe Blackwell Ctte bo the Philophy wf Selene
Feed bw Pete! Machuricr and Michael Siete
The Blackwell Guide to
Philosophical Logic

Edited by
Lou Goble

BLACKWELL
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Contents

List of Combats
Peete

Coreatocoon
Law (ste

1 Ciscial Logie 1 = Bs Onter tange

Wasa Hodger

2 Chascal Logic [= Higher Onder fangs
Semart Spite

8 Ser Thane
Pim PB Brges

4 Gade’ tngoaletenes Heo
avmnd Smile

5 tea
Anit toupra

© Logie Gonogaence
Patricia A. Mawcbere

7 Mode! sagie
MT Gruiel
Deore Hie
isa Tilpinen

9 paren Te
Th Ch Myer

136
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Karel Fambre

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Seager Mion

Nonatonoronie Lage
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Proably, Lace aad Healy Legle
Aitn Pj

Carsitonst

oratéy Bdge

egadan

Heber Wong

Quan,

Diag Vetensibt

og and Nateed Tanguay
Al or Minden

index

28

90

309

sas

see

a7

ma
List of Contributors

Patricia A. Blaneheeee
nmin Frafeor of Philwauphs, Univeiey of Nowe Dame

Joho P. Barges:
Proissor oF Philosophy, Ivinson Univesity

M. J. Crewpeelt
Professor of Mleuplet, Masice Univesicg

ide va5 Dalen
Phikveiphy Depanment, Ureeehe

Dorothy Fdgiagton
Professor of Philp, Ubon of Ono

Low Goble
Protener af Pony, Wilamte Ks

Aalh Gupta
Disboguished Prey af Thlesnphy, Universey of Pestacgh

Alan Fe,
Asnncite Profesor af “hilosopay, Califomis Instat of Uechnoloy

iste Hipinen
Piniesue of Plows, Univesiy of Miami (Coral Gables)

Willis Hodges
Prefowor of Mathematics, Quecn Mary and Weal
Tendon.

Hd College, Univesity of
Jona ¥, Horny
rier, Artsy Deporsene seal Intute fr Adeanced Cranpurer seid,
‘Uniseny of Maca

Karel Lambert
Rewunh Pies: of fogic aid Philosophy af Some, Chiveniey of Caiia 9
tro and the Unsere oF Salebure

iezgnee Matnonshi
Prater, Unter ot ele

Edwin D, Mares
Serie Losiaze in Phos, Victoria Crivesiee af Welington

Afi tr Maen
Frofsor of Li yguisss and Copsive Sienes, Gnitenuty of Gemingen

Te. Ch. Meyer
Tres of Compare Scines, Unrsshe Uniseiny

Rovbest Meyer
Tinos Prosso, Auaisn Natal hiveraty

Soom Shap
Poriaav cf Mulosophy, The Obw State Univeaty at Newurk, Pratsaial Yeo,
Deparanen: of Lage sd Meraphacis, Univesity aF St, Andrews

Raymond Smolyan
star Fin Prtesoe of Pileoph, Karis, indi Unive,

ae Venn
Anicane Metin, dr
‘Anvsetdain

for Lege, Langage ai oonitenn, Pinsent a

Helnelch Wansing
Protenor of Phitosply of Srienee and Logie, Prema Caveraty of Tetboke

ing Weaterttht
Trafesor uf Thenevet Pilesophy oachong Uterine

i
Preface

‘ho Guide mnrotoces the many words philoso logic. Or pehspt Tle
437. man ofthe wilds af ifosphscl lope, fr ic eat pret! cempleseess
‘Thac wonld be impessite, Nevertheless, these 20 chapter prone a cel sate
‘what consiatesphlenophacl Inge toy ane they prone a eld “ountion or
Forshee sad, wil as more ine Faveducton avs what pilosa loys,
and aloe the selestion and arrangsmien of Us chapter

ach of these ehapters enemy wniten for che wotume by 9 cenit boar
fv ssc ea, Thee purpoes 0 peovide the weader wh bass oumdedge of
‘he vorem sine of that ape? HF philosophic loge, cling it eves, mene
ions, mietheds, major sacks, and eten applications. Hach chapter It indcpeedert
fhe onbers. wa thy ee be wea es any ler or selec le filer eee
have, mvever, inchudel cross-references anvung che chaper since ther subject:
Ines overlap (Each depte has ahr writen independ ry thers nS
thor author enght have eifxent views about crams lists)

This vlme should be a ceae an aneil to ane inereted in phiasophica
cai, oper ain atl exper ake Tr eeu forthe basis for a pees? come on
Pilesophvea gue ttl seve a4 supplement reer aa erence wk
su the any of in apoviaved tipss, Fapetisied logician el icine aero
saaranse hore a8 cui cheater, whe ue ener reader ws eel) pate
a uw what 2 subject bx abet sil Bd denice intention +0 tha fel,
Phitesoptieal logy eecommiendell nex emi Rr philowphere aa ogcane Ther
iyi iy ao af gree importance for vewearch 20 computer sdenee, copie
seieéce, arial imeligence tAT ne thewredcl Tague Ue Loe,
belunys Rend ial it mathematic,

opie iva technica diptne, wit ie spevilired angus, notation, acd mela,
Ac resi eader would bene frm having ha a recor in Fara lois oF
fives hain sted any of conn elementary Test, aves Hae sone fatty
wien the Lagieta's language aa relies. Foe ty The ALE hee pos
Sink and explain niet re evry eho winnie ceeler shu pe eam tem

2 lonician’slngrvage se 9 ul spi mais. ifr. lian sen
‘te diferent symbols for the Sars pupae, and sortie dierent logic se
tne sue sable fence pune, Hane re nebo typo par
lian arate of expressizg fmol concep om these chaps, He # eb Deter
Farmudeats af logic ehecoene fan with vst’ oF ple ae tha sea Eh
ssl met in the Brermire bead nis book, The author of dhe chaplers do,
Isvever erplin shee symbols td tations at aher inte them, ant eeader
thinld be abe 0 mdersta sre pues wouhow dcaly and ean to mG
bie sue efor

xe prof rch fom working with the abs ese chapeers {leaned
lov Tart every ane uf chara ~ ag. Tn ee, readest sl tons =a ane abate
vi aluaysaplemane for ane. My heardele grade ows tem al. This ie sit
wiume move Win i's mene Traighoet the dselapric at cemtia o t
roe, T have ao been nay grsifed ty how eucduraping genet and face
everyone wre with whom dissed i. fe ain the dr tthe laetem,
| wanld especialy ks t thank Reel Kelnp, Johan san Bentham. Mack Besa,
Gran Chelias, Mike Dame, ola chemendy, Dov Gabby, Ee Lepore Penclape
‘Masa, hou Ne, Alsedsic Crgohur, Bas van Faastn, al many hers “TRONS
‘00 Skins Stal sul Bech Reames of Mackvell Fuses to Steve for Launch
io the profes, 49 eth for pltig ic uo po, wich we singe ane wonder
piece. Thanks aio Un Jovy Lanson 2nd hee Fite-Clawy crew for main the
sep.

Siokaps ny neces! debe fn Eis ara, Hough
2. Bring, Torino Il
Sine age

1 Alan Roxs Anderson and Nucl
‘many wuelds 0 pilasophial lie eo me along
Introduction
Lon Goble

‘Whar 1 pitosophics! logic Pilusophica logic is tulosaphy that logic, td Prt
thar is ilomuy. Iris where ghulesophy and Inge conve ogee and Beats snc,
Pikeuptuca Ing is 200 a special kind of logic, om: species inst Som mith
emancal logic eile ogi, fora agi, moral kage, maden opie, ance
logis of logic ath any nthe fame moder. There i end Log. Lagi the
nears of consequence teatann valid nfvencts. Ax onc, ca be owen
and presents wn many ays although the mathematic! methods of oder (ara
‘Sr falilc ope have paved extranedinaly ui

Within Togie so esesemed, there ace vl cours, many einem rte ~ a8
viewed fe the taney of chaprers 0 Os voume, Ptilasopbied logic compoes
the sorts af lye thal hold greatest interest tor plikesaphes, Hulasphied age
levels Fama syrems ane structures eo be appl to che anal of evacees and
aqumenes that ae ental ta piesophical gue. Sa, fr example such saat
Dihlosephicl eoncephs a nereat, knowledge, bli ine and eitence, mot
for menran raponing isl, arc scl incetigeed throng rads lope, epee
lads ki sean Sng ee, probably lagi, aan eg,
Smale, gpl invert a conor myeslaby car wee PAN
lofthe eracure of Seumuane, lading the Ge.aHRE oF aur Horna Ne st ell a
the Garmal sarylagey of lene igelG and tha remus tevaRtone plump, Bh
the same taken, may of Re developments wihis slbeophicl lowe have beet
Imcivized by teal Silesia comer. Inbiionae lgie rellece 9 parila
Perspeutie on the sane uf judgment ancl euch. Many-slued logic grew cur
falkascwica's eon to caramel opie that cand ceaid the rouleti + uf tah
lira ur deter, Oxher developmnts wichin pklawphies! loge were daten by
Dlulesophica cancers regarcieg logic ul. Relessn logic sprang Bom a <rFaus aF
he elaseal conser moe relations Fe “gk,

"us foe cappurephiosop, nd plosopay Beds lag. They fain The resol
te phissophieal Inge. Te chaque shat ole prose he axe Femal wt,
rode al aysce tic have fn lesen rhs nea hele empl, he
fever, 5 024 the prevention of te Hoeslamentl logical suse ar s0ch, a
as icr mesiatans, rather shan their application v spec philic yas

= 1 _.