The Blackwell Companion to the Sociology of Families (Blackwell Companions to Sociology)

613 Pages·2004·3.46 MB·English

by  Jacqueline Scott

he lackwell ompanion to the
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BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO SOCIOLOGY
The Blackwell Companions to Sociology provide introductions to emerging topics
andtheoreticalorientationsinsociologyaswellaspresentingthescopeandquality
ofthedisciplineasitiscurrentlyconfigured.EssaysintheCompanionstacklebroad
themesorcentralpuzzleswithinthefieldandareauthoredbykeyscholarswhohave
spentconsiderabletimeinresearchandreflectiononthequestionsandcontroversies
thathaveactivatedinterestintheirarea.Thisauthoritativeserieswillinterestthose
studying sociology at advanced undergraduate or graduate level as well as scholars
in thesocial sciences and informedreaders inapplieddisciplines.
Series List:
1 The BlackwellCompanionto SocialTheory,Second Edition
Edited by Bryan S.Turner
2 The BlackwellCompanionto MajorSocialTheorists
Edited by George Ritzer
3 The BlackwellCompanionto Political Sociology
Edited by Kate Nash and Alan Scott
4 The BlackwellCompanionto Medical Sociology
Edited by WilliamC.Cockerham
5 The BlackwellCompanionto Sociology
Edited by Judith R. Blau
6 The BlackwellCompanionto MajorClassical Social Theorists
Edited by George Ritzer
7 The BlackwellCompanionto MajorContemporarySocialTheorists
Edited by George Ritzer
8 The BlackwellCompanionto Criminology
Edited by Colin Sumner
9 The BlackwellCompanionto theSociology ofFamilies
Edited by Jacqueline Scott, Judith Treas, and MartinRichards
10 The BlackwellCompanionto SocialMovements
Edited by David A. Snow,Sarah A. Soule, and Hanspeter Kriesi
Forthcoming
The BlackwellCompanion to Social Inequalities
Editedby MaryRomeroandEric Margolis
The BlackwellCompanion to theSociologyof Culture
Editedby MarkJacobsand Nancy Hanrahan
The Blackwell
Companion to the
Sociology of Families
Edited by
Jacqueline Scott, Judith Treas,
and
Martin Richards
Copyright#2004byBlackwellPublishingLtd
except for editorial material and organization # 2004 by Jacqueline Scott, Judith Treas, and Martin
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TheBlackwellcompaniontothesociologyoffamilies/editedby
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Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN0-631-22158-1(hardcover:alk.paper)
1. Family–Research.2. Sociology.I.Scott,JacquelineII.Treas,Judith.III.Richards,Martin.IV.Series.
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Contents
List ofContributors viii
Preface xv
PART I FAMILIESIN AGLOBALWORLD 1
1 Globalization and Western Bias inFamilySociology
Don Edgar,Independent Scholar 3
2 Changing European Families: Trends and Issues
Kathleen Kiernan, LondonSchoolof Economics
and Political Science 17
3 RecentDemographic Trends inthe USand Implications
for Well-Being
Sinikka Elliott and DebraUmberson,
University of Texas atAustin 34
4 Children, Families, States, and Changing Citizenship
Hilary Land, University ofBristol 54
5 Families and LocalCommunities
Graham Crow,University of Southampton
and Catherine Maclean, Universityof Edinburgh 69
PART II LIFE-COURSE PERSPECTIVES ON THEFAMILY 85
6 Generations, the Life Course, and Family Change
J.BethMabry,Indiana Universityof Pennsylvania,
Roseann Giarrusso,and Vern L.Bengtson,
University of Southern California 87
vi contents
7 Children’s Families
Jacqueline Scott, University of Cambridge 109
8 Aging and theLife Course
Chris Phillipson andGraham Allan, Keele University 126
9 Parenting Practices
Duane F.Alwin, Pennsylvania StateUniversity 142
10 Time, Through theLife Course, in theFamily
Jonathan Gershuny, Universityof Essex 158
PARTIII INEQUALITYAND DIVERSITY 179
11 Inequalityand theFamily
Philip N. Cohen, University of California,Irvine,
and Danielle MacCartney, Independent Scholar 181
12 Families ofthe Poor
RobertWalker andClaireCollins, Nottingham University 193
13 Social Capital and the Family
Frank F. Furstenbergand Sarah B. Kaplan,
University ofPennsylvania 218
14 Family,the State, and Health Care: ChangingRoles
inthe New Century
Ronald J.AngelandJacqueline L. Angel,
University ofTexas atAustin 233
15 ImmigrantFamiliesinthe US
Karen Pyke, University ofCalifornia, Riverside 253
16 ImmigrantFamiliesinthe UK
AlisonShaw,Brunel University 270
PARTIV CHANGING FAMILYFORMS AND RELATIONSHIPS 287
17 Religion, Romantic Love, and theFamily
Bryan S.Turner,University ofCambridge 289
18 Trends inthe Formationand Dissolution of Couples
Joanne J.Paetsch, Canadian Research Institute forLaw
and the Family,Nicholas M. Bala, Queen’sUniversity,
Kingston,Ontario, LorneD. Bertrand, Canadian
Research Institute for Lawand the Family,and Lisa
Glennon,Queen’sUniversity,Belfast 306
19 Children, Families, and Divorce
Jan Pryor,VictoriaUniversity of Wellington, and
Liz Trinder,University ofEastAnglia 322
20 The Lesbian and Gay Family
Jeffrey Weeks, London South Bank University,
Brian Heaphy,Nottingham Treat University,and
CatherineDonovam, University ofSunderland 340
contents vii
21 CouplesandTheirNetworks
Eric Widmer,University ofGeneva 356
22 Men in Families and Households
David H. J.Morgan, IndependentScholar 374
PART V CHANGING SOCIALCONTEXTS 395
23 Sex and Family:Changes and Challenges
Judith Treas, University ofCalifornia, Irvine 397
24 Feminism and theFamily
Michelle Budig,University ofMassachusetts 416
25 Work and Families
Shirley Dex, Instituteof Education, Universityof London 435
26 PublicPolicy and Families
WendySigle-Rushton,London Schoolof Economics
andPolitical Science, and CatherineKenney,
University of Illinois atUrbana–Champaign 457
27 AssistedReproduction,GeneticTechnologies,
and FamilyLife
MartinRichards,Universityof Cambridge 478
28 Families in aRunaway World
Ulrich Beck, University of Munich, and Elisabeth
Beck-Gernsheim, University of Erlangen 499
Bibliography 515
Index 584
Contributors
Graham Allan is Professor of Social Relations at Keele University. His research
mainly focuses on aspects of informal social relationships. He is particularly inter-
ested in the sociology of friendship, family and domestic life, kinship, and commu-
nity,andhaswrittenwidelyonthesesubjects.Hiscurrentresearchincludesprojects
on stepfamily kinship and on maritalaffairs.
Duane F. Alwin is the McCourtney Professor of Sociology, Demography, and
Human Development at Pennsylvania State University. He is completing work on
a research monograph related to his contribution in this volume on the impact of
changes in the American family over the past century entitled The Disciplined Self:
TransformationsofChild-RearinginAmericanSocietyOvertheTwentiethCentury.
Inadditiontofamiliesandchildren, thefocus ofhisteaching and research includes
the study of aging and the life-course, the development and change in social and
political attitudes over the life span, and the linkages between historical events,
socialization processes, and social change.
Ronald J. Angel is Professor of Sociology at the University of Texas at Austin. His
research focuses on social policy, poverty, and the family, with special emphasis on
the Hispanic population. He is currently working on a project related to welfare
reform and the health-care coverage of poor families in Boston, Chicago, and San
Antonio, and a project related to the health of older Mexican Americans in the
Southwest.
Jacqueline L. Angel is Associate Professor of Public Affairs and Sociology at the
UniversityofTexasatAustin.Herresearchaddressesthehealthandeconomicsecurity
ofAmericanfamilies.Sheisparticularlyinterestedinpublicpoliciesinfluencingthe
well-being of the Hispanic population. Her books include Who Will Care For Us?:
AgingandLong-TermCareinMulticulturalAmerica(1997)andPainfulInheritance;
HealthandtheNewGenerationofFatherlessFamilies(withRonaldAngel,1993).
contributors ix
NicholasM.BalahasbeenaProfessorattheFacultyofLawatQueen’sUniversity,
Kingston,Ontario,since1980andhasbeenavisitingprofessorattheUniversityof
Calgary and McGill and Duke Universities. His primary area of teaching and
research interest is family and children’s law, focusing on such issues as juvenile
justice, child abuse and child witnesses, domestic violence, parental rights and
responsibilities after divorce, spousal support obligations, and the legal definition
of the family. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Canadian Research
Institute forLaw and theFamily.
Ulrich Beck is Professor for Sociology at the University of Munich, and the
British Journal of Sociology Visiting Centennial Professor at the London School
of Economics and Political Science. He is chief-editor of Soziale Welt and
editorofZweiteModerneatSuhrkamp(FrankfurtamMain).Hisinterestsfocuson
‘‘risk society,’’ ‘‘individualization,’’ ‘‘reflexive modernization,’’ and ‘‘cosmopolitan
society and sociology.’’ He is the director of a research center at the University
of Munich (in cooperation with four other universities in the area) – Reflexive
Modernization–financedsince1999bytheDFG(GermanResearchSociety).
Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim is Professor for Sociology at the University of Erlangen-
Nuremberg. Her research areas are the family, reproductive technology, migration,
and ethnicity. Her latest publications in English are Reinventing the Family. In
SearchofNewLifestylesand(withUlrichBeck)Individualization.Institutionalized
Individualism and its Socialand Political Consequences (both 2002).
Vern L. Bengtson is Professor of Sociology and AARP/University Professor of
Gerontology at the University of Southern California. He has published 12 books
andover200articlesintheareasoffamilysociologyandaging.Apastpresidentof
theGerontologicalSocietyofAmerica, hestartedtheLongitudinalStudyofGener-
ations, a 31-year investigation of multigenerational families, aging, and social
change. His most recent book is How Families Still Matter: A Longitudinal Study
of Youth in Two Generations (2002). He has received numerous awards, including
the Reuben Hill Award (1980 and 1986) and the Ernest W. Burgess Award (1998)
from the National Council of Family Relations; the Distinguished Scholar Award
from the American Sociological Association (1995); and the Robert W. Kleemeier
Award from theGerontologicalSocietyof America (1996).
Lorne D. Bertrand is Senior Research Associate at the Canadian Research Institute
forLawandtheFamilyattheUniversityofCalgary.HeholdsaBA,anMA,anda
Ph.D. in Social Psychology from Carleton University, Ottawa. Since joining the
Institute in 1993, he has conducted research projects and published in the areas of
adolescentsubstanceuse,youthdelinquencyandjustice,thevictimizationofadults,
child support, and child custody and access.
MichelleJ.BudigisanAssistantProfessorofSociologyattheUniversityofMassa-
chusetts.Herresearchinterestsaregender,labormarkets,workandfamilyconflict,
and inequality. Her recent publications investigate the wage penalty for mother-
hood,earningsandpromotionsdisparitiesformaleandfemaleoccupationaltokens,
theearningspenaltyforcaringlabor,andtherelationshipbetweenwomen’semploy-
ment and fertilityhistories.
PhilipN.CohenisonthefacultyoftheDepartmentofSociologyattheUniversityof
California, Irvine, where he teaches in the areas of social inequality, sociological