The Art of Warfare (trans. Ames)

249 Pages·2015·3.4 MB·English

by  Sun Tzu

SUN"'TZU
THEA RTO FW ARFARE
THE FIRST
ENGLISHT RANSLATION
INCORPORATINTGH E
RECENTLYD ISCOVERED
'
YIN-CHUEH-SHATNE XTS
TRANSLATED,
WITHA N INTRODUCTION
AND COMMENTARY,
BY ROGERT .A MES
A Ballantine Book
Published by The Random House Publishing Group
Translation and new tC>..'t
copyright ((!) 1993 by Roger T. Ames
All righiS reserved under International and
Pan-American Copyright Convencions. Published
in the United Stares by Ballancine Books, an imprint
of The Random House Publishing Group,
a division of Random House, Inc., New York, and simultaneously
in Canada by Random House of Can•da Limited, Toronto.
Ballantine and colophon are registered trademorks of Rondom House, Inc.
Grateful acknowledgment is made to Wing Tek Lum
for permission to reprint "Chinese Hot Pot" from Expormdirrg
tlr< Doubiful PoirriS (B•mboo Ridge Press) by Wing
Tek Lum, Copyriglu 0 1987 Wing Tek Lum.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Sun-tzu, 6th cent. B.C.
[Sun-tzu ping fa. English)
Sun-tzu : the art ofw ar : the first English translation incorporating
the recently discovered Yin-ch' iieh-sh•n texts I translated, with an
introduction and commentary, by Roger T. Ames. - I st ed.
p. em.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-345-36239-X
1. Military art and science-Early works to 1800. I. Ames, Roger T.,
1947- . II. 1itlc.
Ul01.S95 1993b
355.02-<lc21 92-52662
CIP
www.ballantinebooks.corn
Text design by Holly Johnson
Manufactured in the U nited States ofA merica
First Edition: January 1993
16 18 19 17 15
CoNTENTS
ACKNWOLEDGMTESN 7
PERFACTEO T HEB ALLANTEIDNIET ION 9
Th"eN eSwu"nz -ut 9
ArchaeAo lRloeugvtyoii:tno h Snet uodfEy a rClhyi na 13
TheE xcavaaYtti ino-nc h'i.ieh-shan 15
Th"eO noerT w o' MastSeurn"D s e'b ate 7
I
SuWnu a asH itsorPiecraslo n 26
ThRee consSturnu-TcthetzA eurfd:tW aifare 29
o
AnaloyfSs uins-T theAz ruft:W aifare 31
o
WisdaonWmda arrfe 31
ThCel sasiCchailnW eorslVedi ew:
ThUen comAmsosnu mptions 33
SomCel asWsesitceAarslns umpA"t Tiwo-onWosr:lT dh"e or3y5
Some CClhaisnsAeisscseau lm pA"t TihoWinorssl-:Vd i"e w 3 7
CentrHiarpmeotananyAld u thority 46
Warfaatsrh Aeer o tfC ontaelxitzuing 48
StraAtdevgain(cts ahighe) 50
Strategi(cs haAidnhSvd)ta rnatPtaoegsgeii tc(ih iosnngi) ng5 7
AccorwdiitnhEg n teh(meiyyn ) 58
AnA ttittouwdWaeara rdrf e 58
ThEex empCloamrmya nder 60
Forekn(ohcwilhe)d ge 61
Introtdou cTttrhiaeon ns lations 67
4 Contents
·
Su-..·-TlTl.:i:l EAR T OF WARFARAE: T RAl'iSLATio;o.;
SU!'i-TPZAURI:T
ThTeh irteeTne-xCt hapter 71
Chap1tO:en Ar s sessments 73
Chap2tO:en Wr a giBnatgtl e 75
Chap3tP:ael nrn tihnAegt tack 79
Chap4tS:r etart Peogsiic(t hisoinnsg) 83
ChaptSetrr aAtdevgain(ctsh ah)gi e 85
5:
Chpat6eW:re a kPo ianntSdst rPoonign ts 89
Chap7tA:e rrmC eodn test 93
Chpat8eA:r d apttoti hnNegi nCeo ntin(pgieennc)i es9 7
Chpat9eD:r e plotyhAiern mgy 101
Chap1t:0Te hrTe er rain 170
Chap1t:1Te hrNe i nKei nodfTse r rain 111
Chpat1e:2rI ncenAdtitaarcyk 121
Chap1t3Ue:sr iS npgi es 123
SU!'i-TPZAURI:TI
TexRte covfoermrt ehYdei n-ch'HiiaeDnhy -nsaShstatrnyi p1s72
1T.h Qeu estoifo nWsu 192
2[. ThFeor uC ontinJg encies 131
3T.h Yee lElmopwe Artotrat chReke sEd m peror 153
4T. hDei spo[sotifhtT eier ornJaI iIn 173
5.[ AInn tewrivttihheKe wi nogfW u J 193
SU!'i-TPZAUR:T III
TexRte covfermroL eadtW eorrk s 154
AC onverbseattwtiehoKeenin no fgW u a nSdu Wnu 174
I.
2S. un DWius ctuhsCeso emsm ander 196
3S. un DWius cDuespsleotsyh Aiern mgy 17 7
4.T heP rnoogstiocfSa utni-otnzsu 181
5S.u Wnu D isctuhs"esE eisg ht-FDroimvaitsiioonn" 148
6T. hCel sasoiftc h Tehr ity-Rtawmop arts 168
7H. aDny naBsatmoyboS trfoirmpTs a -tC'ouuynn gt 178
119
Miscellaneous
8.
Contents
0 5
APPENDIX 159
Backgtroto huEenx dc avaaYtti inoi-nec hh-'ishan 159
DatitnhTgeo mabnsId d eynittnihgfe Occupants2 00
ThFei rst RPeupbolritssh ed 201
ThBea mbSotorM iaupns pctrasin d DTahteeirs 203
NOTSE 207
BBILIROAGPHYO FW ORKSC ITED 229
IDNEX 235

ACKNOWELDGMENTS
Theasreeex cidtaifyronst g hs etu doyfc laasClsh iiOcnvaet.rhp ea fswet
decasdteusdo,efe n atrCslh yi,e n nacoubryta hgceeo dn tidsnicuoivnegr y
oft exmtautaell roifsarotm l ilsle nhnaivbaee, ew no rktiobn rgit nhgi s
cultfurormaaltplieyvr iein ostdho a rfcopuesr.
OweLno cakC ,h isnpcaei taa lniadsl esdoi toro-fiD neR-lec yh ief
Boo(kaisnm profiB naatln ltBionoehk asfs)oo ,lw letdh edseev elopments
cloasneldby ,eh ekanes e anwlayorf te h seiiigrcn aifnfrouc ned erstanding
the cultoutfrh laeole n scgotor nitgicininiuvszoi aulitshni u omnha sint ory.
Classoif,c 1sn ciCenhti ntah,s ee roifwe hsit cihvhso luSum11e-t,Tz hueA: rto f
Warfarieas,p arr, hasb yOb weeaenasnm ecaornbfesr a itnetgdhi insg rev­
olutttoih oaent teonfatb iroornae da pduibnHlgii csca .ra etfutle tnot ion
thisa etbv oesortkya h gidese, t aciolmemsdeo nndt rtam fanussac,nr di pt
hiison rfmeendt hufsrot ihsaeus bmij teshceatmlv afed tehp er oejneyjc­ot
ablee xacnifdotr mit nhge outasmme otgs,tr aattneohdfu i lmI .
RobGe.rH te nrwiichtkihtss r, a nsolfl.a ctw-i1ro1z'un-:c t haioni gn, au­
guratthseiedsr ainebdsyt , hs eu stqauiavnol efhid its sc holhaasrses th ip
ah isgtha nduasar ldHl el.t,i o kre rOewtaehdmne a, un scraingpdat v,e
mec ommetnhhatatsmv aed iaetb etteIrh vabero eolokina.e n do tahue­r
thioonru sre rRioebDsi.S,nY . a twehsho,a b se eenvg eern ewriotuhs his
advoinmc iielt taercylh ongoy.
InB eijIb iennge,ffo rimpt eerds coonmaa·lte iraosnnfdors m t hiem ­
portpaunbtl iocfaW tuJi iounl(soW nuCg h iu)-a lnuLdni Lg inIg:n.
Shncyatnhgce,o nsummate Zshceh1o(1lCZaheraC nhgZ-e htnasneg)
sheadhr iwso raknh diw sa rmth.
8 Ackwnlgoemdesn t
·
Iw ouldl eita kotl hsaoTn ikaC nh ensofht ahCnee nftroeC rh inese
Stuadti eUtsnvh ieer osfHi atwy awihwoio ,r kceldo sely twhiet h me on
prepaorfta htceir oinCt hiicnateles Sxeet v.e orfma ycl o elalgguaevse
thetiimre t hatenhidor u igrnhe tasdd iifrenfeggn etn eroaftth mieao nns­
uscrIai mpg tr:a tteoMfu ilc hSapeeliT daeTol' ,ie Enl-ieyztiBah,ub ck,
anDda nCioelle .
ThCeh uga-nttzeuul stl hsna otno efu sw alaklsoe naeoc;hfu si" sa
crowa"d fi,e"ol fsd e lDv.eCs .L. a"Au n,g Gursa hYaamnY,gu -wEelii,o t
DeutDsacvhLi,.Hd al Hle,yn R rosemJ.ora,nn tGd,r ahPaamr kes-and
myf mailByo:nJ naiseAo,un s,at niCdnlf ,i- hfaavlel crowadIse d around
collmeycstaeenldddf i tdh is anwIodh r akvs,ep ento fta i wmlieot th
eaocfht heImaf.ne xpreosfgs riaotcnio tueulvddbee era o tn ce sincere
ansde lifits hfi,roms e o snto h oicsc asion.
ROGTEARM ES
Honolulu
PREAFCET OT HE
BALALNTINEEDI TION
THE" NEW" SUN-TZU
ThSeu n-otzr'u' ,M aSsutniet,srh" l eo negxeisstat nmidon swgti dsetluyd ­
iemdi alricytl aishnsu imcha inos rQtyui.t aep preolpiyrdt,ia atbteastc ok
thWea rrSitnapgte ers(i c4o.0d3 -1B2 .2Ca.f r)o,m atpihvaiesCn eh inese
cilviizawhteicnoo nn triiblnui ttieaornnapsdth usirolepow heyrr ei valed
imna gniatnsudod peh isotniblcydya e tvieolnoi pnm eanenta ssi inncgrly
efifcimeinlti tary culture.
Ovetrhc eo uorfst ehp er eceSdpirnaignnA dgu tupmenr (ico.d
722-41B8 ..Cs),c oorfse msa ll, semiahuajtdoo ininoanemno do n u­s states
goiwnagor f surviivniat ls, o wnlatlekhyadee vo izonersgn o " central
sta(tcehsu"n fgr-okwmuh oip)cr he se"nCth-idtnaaakyi"e ta ssc tCuhail­
nese-algnaea nmgBeuyt. h1fie f ci:ehn tBCu..ir,hty a bde cocmleet oaa rl l
contetnhdaetr sat ehlretan totinovle yw innpienrgAi nswadhats .sh etsoe
rivtaotlrhts eh roofanu ein fCiheidgn raef wewe trh,se t aakntedhsb e r u­
taylo ifwt arfianercaerse exdp oanle.ln yti
Durinpge rtwihaoirdsfw, aa trsre ao nrsmffeordma g elnetmaanrlty to
ani ntdruaysn,ldv ie lso osntt h kei lfleiilcndlgsi mtboe mdnb ueirns the
huneddorsft housIatnidnpseh.ri alnotts oouptrhheecedre sns ttraaotlfe s
Chionfeafr,it nhgea divrai ncsdee rvtioc cetoshn et erlsuitfnimangig sl .i e
Alownigtt hhC eo nfucMioahsntia,,n t dh Lee gaplhiislto sophers who
joitnhetidos u ra n weaws borfme iealdris ytp ecialiistnth se schooled
conctraectatenis dct sr aotfwe aggieiefensfcg t wiavrefO aftr heem.si el i­
taerxyp ehritssht,aor sre ym embbeeasrm tea dn nSaumWneu fd or mt he
stoaftWe uk ,n ohwonn orai"sfiS cnua-ltolzr"yu M "sa tSeurn ."