The Art of Photography: A Personal Approach to Artistic Expression, 2nd Edition PDF
Preview The Art of Photography: A Personal Approach to Artistic Expression, 2nd Edition
BRUCE BARNBAUM The Art of Photography 2nd Edition A Personal Approach to Artistic Expression The Art of Photography, 2nd Edition A Personal Approach to Artistic Expression Bruce Barnbaum www.barnbaum.com Editor: Gerhard Rossbach Project editor: Joan Dixon Project manager: Lisa Brazieal Marketing manager: Jessica Tiernan Layout and Type: Petra Strauch, [email protected] Cover design: Helmut Kraus, www.exclam.de Cover photo: Bruce Barnbaum ISBN 978-1-68198-210-6 2nd Edition (1st Printing, February 2017) © 2017 by Bruce Barnbaum All photographs © Bruce Barnbaum (unless otherwise noted) Rocky Nook Inc. 1010 B Street, Suite 350 San Rafael, CA 94901 www.rockynook.com Distributed in the U.S. by Ingram Publisher Services Distributed in the UK and Europe by Publishers Group UK Library of Congress Control Number: 2016950247 All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the publisher. Many of the designations in this book used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks of their respective companies. Where those designations appear in this book, and Rocky Nook was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps. All product names and services identified throughout this book are used in editorial fashion only and for the benefit of such companies with no intention of infringement of the trademark. They are not intended to convey endorsement or other affiliation with this book. While reasonable care has been exercised in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Printed in China To the wonderful memories of my mother and father. For as long as I can remember they both encouraged me to teach. Bruce Barnbaum PO Box 1791 Granite Falls, Washington 98252 USA Phone or Fax: (360) 691-4105 [email protected] www.barnbaum.com Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1 COMMUNICATION THROUGH PHOTOGRAPHY Enthusiasm Judging Your Own Personal Response 2 WHAT IS COMPOSITION? How the Human Eye Sees Unified Thought Simplicity Expressing Your Own Point of View Simplicity vs. Complexity 3 ELEMENTS OF COMPOSITION Contrast and Tone Line Form Line, Form, Contrast, and Emotion Pattern Balance Movement Positive/Negative Space Texture Camera Position Focal Length of Lens and Cropping Depth of Field Shutter Speed Relationships Involvement with the Scene Rules, Formulas, and Other Problems and Pitfalls 4 VISUALIZATION Step 1: Photographic Looking and Seeing Step 2: Composing an Image Step 3: Envisioning the Final Image Step 4: Suggested Procedures for Those Having Trouble Envisioning a Final Image Step 5: Planning a Strategy for a Final Image How Your Eye Differs from Your Camera Alternative Approaches 5 LIGHT Looking at Light Exercises in Learning to See Light More Accurately Light Determines Form Types of Lighting/Quality of Light Light as Seen by the Eye and by Film or Sensors, and the Inverse Square Law 6 COLOR The Color Wheel and Color Sphere Color Composition Color Families, Color Contrast, and Their Emotional Effects Subjectivity and Mood of Color Working with Color Digitally Working with Color Traditionally In Summary 7 FILTERS Black-and-White Filters for Film Examples with a Hypothetical Landscape Contrast Control with Filters Infrared Film and Filters Color Correction Filters for Traditional Film Imagery Neutral Density and Polarizing Filters Problems Associated with Polarizers Digital Polarizing Filter Digital Black-and-White Filtration Digital Color Filtration 8 THE ZONE SYSTEM OF EXPOSURE FOR BLACK-AND-WHITE FILM A Brief Overview Film’s Response to Light: Building the Zone System Translating Negative Densities to Print Tonalities The Light Meter—How It Works Review of Negative Exposure Procedure Using the Zone System to Depart from Reality The Zone System for Color Negatives The Zone System and the Inverse Square Law In Summary 9 CONTRAST CONTROL AND THE EXTENDED ZONE SYSTEM FOR BLACK-AND- WHITE NEGATIVES Chapter 9 Overview The Negative During Development The Bellows Analogy Putting Higher Zones to Work Reciprocity Failure Examples of Decreasing and Increasing Contrast The Exposure/Density Curve and Zone 4 Shadow Placement Differences Between Photography and Sensitometry: Texture vs. Tone and Zone 4 Shadow Placement Developing the Exposed Negative
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