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The Arctic in World Affairs PDF

444 Pages·2015·9.73 MB·English
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The Arctic in World Affairs A North Pacific Dialogue on International Cooperation in a Changing Arctic 2014 North Pacific Arctic Conference Proceedings (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 1 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42 KMI/EWC SERIES ON THE ARCTIC IN WORLD AFFAIRS The Korea Maritime Institute (KMI) is a government-affiliated research organization under the umbrella of the National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Science (NRCS) in the Republic of Korea. Since its establishment in 1984, KMI has been a major think-tank in the development of national maritime and fisheries policies including shipping and logistics, port development, coastal and ocean management, maritime safety and security, and fisheries affairs. Currently, KMI is building research capacity on the new ocean industries, the so-called Blue Economy, for sustainable coastal and ocean resources development. KMI’s international research network covers not only the Asian region but also other regions such as Africa, the Pacific islands, the Americas, Europe, and the polar areas. The East-West Center promotes better relations and understanding among the people and nations of the United States, Asia, and the Pacific through cooperative study, research, and dialogue. Established by the U.S. Congress in 1960, the Center serves as a resource for information and analysis on critical issues of common concern, bringing people together to exchange views, build expertise, and develop policy options. The Center’s 21-acre Honolulu campus, adjacent to the University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, is located midway between Asia and the U.S. mainland and features research, residential, and international conference facilities. The Center’s Washington, D.C., office focuses on preparing the United States for an era of growing Asia Pacific prominence. The KMI/EWC series The Arctic in World Affairs publishes work from the North Pacific Arctic Conference, which aims to provide a forum in which key individuals from relevant countries and major stakeholder groups are able to develop relations of trust that allow them to discuss complex and sometimes difficult issues pertaining to the maritime Arctic in a spirit of problem solving rather than advocacy. The first volume in the series, A North Pacific Dialogue on Arctic Transformation, based on the 2011 North Pacific Artic Conference, was edited by Robert W. Corell, James Seong-Cheol Kang, and Yoon Hyung Kim. The second volume, A North Pacific Dialogue on Arctic Marine Issues, from the 2012 conference, was edited by Oran R. Young, Jong Deog Kim, and Yoon Hyung Kim. The third volume, A North Pacific Dialogue on the Future of the Arctic, from the 2013 conference, was edited by Oran R. Young, Jong Deog Kim, and Yoon Hyung Kim. This volume, A North Pacific Dialogue on International Cooperation in a Changing Arctic, from the 2014 conference, was edited by Oran R. Young, Jong Deog Kim, and Yoon Hyung Kim. ii (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 2 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42 The Arctic in World Affairs A North Pacific Dialogue on International Cooperation in a Changing Arctic 2014 North Pacific Arctic Conference Proceedings Edited by Oran R. Young Professor Emeritus, Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California (Santa Barbara), USA Jong Deog Kim Research Fellow, Korea Maritime Institute, Republic of Korea Yoon Hyung Kim Senior Fellow, East-West Center, USA and Professor Emeritus of Economics, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea KMI/EWC SERIES ON THE ARCTIC IN WORLD AFFAIRS A JOINT PUBLICATION OF THE KOREA MARITIME INSTITUTE AND THE EAST-WEST CENTER iii (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 3 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42 Ⓒ Korea Maritime Institute and East-West Center 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by Korea Maritime Institute KBS Media center bldg., 45 Maebongsan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-270 Republic of Korea www.kmi.re.kr East-West Center 1601 East-West Road Honolulu, Hawaii 96848-1601, USA www.eastwestcenter.org Published in December 2014 ISBN 978-89-7998-968-7 93300 (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 4 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42 Contents List of Tables ix List of Figures x Contributors xii Preface xiv 1. I ntroduction and Overview 1 Yoon Hyung Kim, Oran R. Young, and Jong Deog Kim PART I PATTERNS OF ARCTIC INVESTMENT 2. O ffshore Petroleum and Maritime Infrastructure 23 Arild Moe and Svein Vigeland Rottem Offshore Petroleum Activities and Maritime Infrastructure 23 Concluding Remarks 35 3. P atterns of Investment in the Russian Onshore Arctic: 41 An Area of Stable Growth? Valeriy A. Kryukov Introduction 41 European Land Area of Russia’s Arctic Zone 43 Northwestern Siberia – The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug 47 Eastern and Northeastern Siberia 51 Eastern Taymyr (Khatanga), Northwestern Sakha Republic (Yakutia), and the Far East 53 General Considerations 56 Commentaries Tatiana Mitrova 62 Nam Yll Kim 70 Heather A. Conley 79 Lawson W. Brigham 87 Hua Xu 91 Ryuichi Shibasaki 102 Sung Woo Lee 108 v (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 5 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42 PART II COMPARING NATIONAL ARCTIC STRATEGIES 4. Canada’s Arctic Policy 117 Bernard W. Funston 5. Russia’s Arctic Policy 131 Alexander N. Vylegzhanin 6. United States’ Arctic Policy 155 Raymond V. Arnaudo 7. China’s Arctic Policy 172 Jian Yang 8. Japan’s Arctic Policy 188 Fujio Ohnishi 9. Korea’s Arctic Policy 207 Jong Deog Kim PART III A RCTIC STATE/NON-ARCTIC STATE ENGAGEMENT 10. Navigating the Interface 225 Oran R. Young The Globalization of the Arctic 226 Non-Arctic State Engagement in the Arctic Council 229 Broader Intergovernmental Mechanisms 232 Nongovernmental Organizations 237 Public-Private Partnerships in the Arctic 239 Informal Venues 242 Conclusion 244 Commentaries Lars-Otto Reiersen 251 Jiayu Bai 256 Eiji Sakai 264 Sung Jin Kim 276 vi (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 6 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42 PART IV I NNOVATIONS APPLICABLE TO THE ARCTIC 11. A Fibre Optic System for Canada’s Western Arctic 287 Michael Aumond Project Location and Objectives 287 Economics of Northern Telecommunications Systems 290 MVFL System Architecture 295 MVFL Project Business Case 298 12. Research Activities of KRISO Ice Tank 300 Kuk Jin Kang KRISO Ice Tank Facility 300 Research Activities of KRISO Ice Tank 305 Future Plans for KRISO Ice Tank 311 Discussion: What New Technologies in the Areas of Future Arctic Marine Shipping and Associated R&D are on the Horizon that Will Impact the Future of the Arctic? 312 Appendix: Full-Scale Ice Trial Procedure 313 Commentaries Robert W. Corell 315 Mikko Niini 323 Toshiyuki Kano and Takahiro Majima 331 Hyoung Chul Shin 338 PART V I NDIGENOUS RESPONSE TO ARCTIC DEVELOPMENT 13. A Rights-Based Approach 345 Sheila Watt-Cloutier Commentaries Ellen Inga Turi 355 Denise L. Michels 363 Nancy G. Maynard 371 vii (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 7 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42 PART VI O PPORTUNITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN A CHANGING ARCTIC Perspectives Valeriy A. Kryukov 383 David L. VanderZwaag 389 Sung Jin Kim 399 Michael Aumond 406 Sheila Watt-Cloutier 413 Peiqing Guo 416 viii (최종)00_앞부속_2014 NPAC.indd 8 15. 6. 18. 오전 10:42

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The KMI/EWC series The Arctic in World Affairs publishes work from the North. Pacific Arctic Conference .. of the Arctic Council, the. Arctic was peripheral to the main currents of international affairs. Arctic_oil_and_gas/$FILE/Arctic_oil_and_gas.pdf, Pembina institute (2011). Comparing the Offsh
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