The Architect of Modern Catalan. Pompeu Fabra (1868-1948)

272 Pages·2016·1.68 MB·English

by  Carrera Joan Costa (Ed.)

The Architect of Modern Catalan
Pompeu Fabra (1868–1948)
Publication of this volume was planned as part of the programme of commemoration
arranged by the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in 2006–2007, organised by the Presidency of the
University. This initiative has been fully supported and sponsored by the University's Consell
Social.
The translation of this work has received a grant from the Institut Ramon Llull.
The Architect of Modern Catalan
Pompeu Fabra (1868–1948)
Selected Writings
Selection and edition of texts and introduction by
Joan Costa Carreras
Translation by Alan Yates
Prologue by Georg Kremnitz
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Amsterdam / Philadelphia
TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
8
American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fabra, Pompeu, 1868-1948.
The architect of modern Catalan : selected writings / Pompeu Fabra (1868-1948) ;
selection and edition of texts and introduction by Joan Costa Carreras ;
translation by Alan Yates ; prologue by Georg Kremnitz.
      p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1.  Catalan language.  I. Costa Carreras, J. (Joan) II. Yates, Alan, 1944- III. Title.
PC3809.F3A25 2009
409.2--dc22
[B] 2009017907
isbn 978 90 272 3264 9 (hb; alk. paper)
isbn 978 90 272 8924 7 (eb)
© 2009 – Institut d’Estudis Catalans & Universitat Pompeu Fabra & John Benjamins B.V.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any
other means, without written permission from the publisher.
John Benjamins Publishing Co. · P.O. Box 36224 · 1020 me Amsterdam · The Netherlands
John Benjamins North America · P.O. Box 27519 · Philadelphia pa 19118-0519 · usa
Table of contents
Acknowledgements xi
The Pompeu Fabra University and the Architect of modern Catalan xiii
Joan Josep Moreso
Pompeu Fabra xvii
Salvador Giner
Pompeu Fabra: A universal linguist xxi
Joan Martí i Castells
Prologue xxv
Georg Kremnitz
1. General presentation 1
Joan Costa Carreras
2. The Catalan language 3
Joan Costa Carreras and Alan Yates
2.1 The Catalan language domain 3
2.2 The demography of Catalan 3
2.3 The dialect divisions of Catalan 5
2.4 The concept of a language community 5
2.5 An outline of the social history of Catalan 6
2.5.1 The origins and the Middle Ages 6
2.5.2 Decadence 7
2.5.3 The Renaixença 9
2.5.4 Modernisme 11
2.5.5 Noucentisme 14
2.5.6 Developments through the twentieth century 18
2.5.6.1 The Dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera 18
2.5.6.2 The Second Spanish Republic 20
2.5.6.3 The Franco years 21
2.5.6.4 The post-Franco era 23
2.6 Bibliography and sources of information on Catalan 24
2.6.1 Bibliography and materials for learning Catalan 24
vi The Architect of Modern Catalan
2.6.1.1 Self-teaching methods 24
2.6.1.2 On-line multilingual dictionaries 25
2.6.1.3 Books for learning Catalan 25
2.6.1.4 On-line Catalan dictionaries 26
2.6.2 Other relevant source material 26
2.6.2.1 Useful web-sites 26
2.6.2.2 Works in English on the Catalan language 27
2.6.2.3 Works in Spanish on the Catalan language 27
2.6.2.4 Works in French on the Catalan language 27
2.6.2.5 Works in Catalan on the Catalan language 28
3. Pompeu Fabra: A life’s work in applied linguistics 29
Joan Costa Carreras
3.1 Introduction 29
3.2 Pompeu Fabra: Biographical outline 30
3.3 Pompeu Fabra as theoretician of the literary language 37
3.3.1 An analysis of general reflections on literary language
explicit in Pompeu Fabra’s writings 37
3.3.1.1 “On Various Unresolved Issues in Present-Day
Literary Catalan’’, 1907 38
3.3.1.2 Philological Conversation, 18/XI/1919 39
3.3.1.3 “The Task of Purifying Catalan”, 1924 39
3.3.1.4 “A Conversation with Pompeu Fabra”, May 1926 40
3.3.1.5 “On the Purification of the Literary Language”, 1927 41
3.3.1.6 “On the Purification of the Literary Language”, 1927 41
3.3.1.7 General Dictionary of the Catalan Language, 1932 42
3.3.1.8 “Deviations in the Concepts of Language
and Homeland”, 1934 42
3.3.1.9 Catalan Grammar: Intermediate Course,
1935 edition 42
3.3.2 Criteria for syntactic codification 43
3.3.3 Relations between Fabra’s conception of syntactical
codification and syntax 55
3.3.3.1 Fabra’s conception of syntax 55
3.3.3.2 Relations between Fabra’s conception
of syntactical codification and syntax 58
3.3.4 Relations between Fabra’s conception of syntactical
codification and syntactical change 59
3.3.4.1 Fabra’s conception of linguistic change 59
Table of contents vii
3.3.4.2 Relations between Fabra’s conception
of syntactical codification and syntactical change 63
3.3.5 Relations between Fabra’s conception of syntactical
codification and syntactical diversity 66
3.3.5.1 An analysis of general reflections on syntactical
diversity explicit in Pompeu Fabra’s writings 66
3.3.5.2 Fabra’s conception of linguistic diversity 67
3.3.5.3 Relations between Fabra’s conception
of syntactical codification and syntactical diversity 70
3.3.6 Articulation of Fabra’s principles for syntactical codification
and his ideas on syntax itself including syntactical change
and diversity 72
3.3.7 Normativisation in practice 74
3.4 Pompeu Fabra as grammarian 82
3.4.1 Grammars, addressed to a specialist readership,
with a basically descriptive objective 83
3.4.1.1 Ensayo de catalán moderno /
Essay on the Grammar of Modern Catalan (1891) 83
3.4.1.2 Contribució a la gramàtica catalana / Contribution
to the Grammar of the Catalan Language (1898) 83
3.4.1.3 Gramática de la lengua catalana /
Grammar of the Catalan Language (1912) 84
3.4.1.4 Gramàtica catalana: curs mitjà /
Catalan Grammar. Intermediate Course (1918) 84
3.4.1.5 Gramàtica francesa / French Grammar (1919) 84
3.4.1.6 Gramàtica anglesa / English Grammar (1924) 84
3.4.1.7 Gramàtica catalana / Catalan Grammar (1946) 85
3.4.1.8 Gramàtica catalana / Catalan Grammar (1956) 85
3.4.2 Grammars, addressed to a non-specialist public,
having a basically normative objective 85
3.4.2.1 Gramàtica catalana / Catalan Grammar (1918) 85
3.4.2.2 Abrégé de grammaire catalane /
Outline of French Grammar (1928) 86
3.4.2.3 Compendio de gramática catalana /
Compendium of Catalan Grammar (1929) 86
3.4.2.4 Grammaire catalane / Catalan Grammar (1941) 86
3.5 Pompeu Fabra as lexicographer 86
3.6 Pompeu Fabra as translator 89
3.7 Pompeu Fabra and toponymy 90
3.8 Pompeu Fabra as a manager of linguistic diversity 90
viii The Architect of Modern Catalan
3.9 Texts by Pompeu Fabra 91
3.9.1 Texts by Pompeu Fabra in Catalan 91
3.9.2 Texts by Pompeu Fabra in Spanish 95
3.9.3 Texts by Pompeu Fabra in French 95
3.10 Basic bibliography on Pompeu Fabra’s work 96
3.10.1 Introductory studies 96
3.10.1.1 Basic bibliography on Pompeu Fabra’s work
in English 96
3.10.1.2 Basic bibliography on Pompeu Fabra’s work
in Spanish 97
3.10.1.3 Basic bibliography on Pompeu Fabra’s work
in Catalan 97
3.10.2 Works consulted 97
4. Presentation of the edition 103
4.1 The texts included in the anthology 103
4.1.1 On the selection of texts translated 103
4.1.2 List of texts translated 103
4.2 About the translation 105
4.2.1 Translation strategies 105
4.2.2 Contextual information in the translation 106
4.2.2.1 General remarks 106
4.2.2.2 Footnotes 107
4.2.2.3 Information supplied within each translated text 108
4.2.3 Conventions used in the translations 111
4.2.3.1 Italics 111
4.2.3.2 Inverted commas 111
4.2.3.3 Square brackets 111
4.2.4 Abbreviations 112
4.2.5 Sources of the texts translated 112
Selected writings of Pompeu Fabra 113
1. “Sobre la reforma lingüística y ortográfica” (On Linguistic
and Orthographical Reform) 113
2. “Sobre diferents problemes pendents en l ’actual català literari”
(On Various Unresolved Issues in Present-day Literary Catalan) 118
3. “L ’obra dels nostres descastellanitzants” (Eradicating Castilian Influence:
Our descastellanitzants) 124
4. “Cal gramàtica als escriptors” (Writers Need Grammar) 126
5. “Literats i gramàtics” (Writers and Grammarians) 130
Table of contents ix
6. “Les normes de l ’Institut” (The Norms of the Institut d ’Estudis
Catalans) 135
7. “Castellanismes de la llengua escrita” (Castilianisms in the Written
Language) 143
8. “Filòlegs i poetes” (Philologists and Poets) 144
9. “La tasca dels escriptors valencians i balears” (The Task of the Valencian
and Balearic Writers) 147
10. “Conversa filològica” (Philological Conversation) 18/XI/1919 148
11. ” ” ” ” 12/XII/1919 149
12. ” ” ” ” 7/I/1920 150
13. ” ” ” ” 15/V/1920 (1st para.) 151
14. ” ” ” ” 25/V/1920 151
15. ” ” ” ” 10/VIII/1920 152
16. ” ” ” ” 30/VIII/1920 (1st para.) 152
17. ” ” ” ” 9/X/1920 153
18. ” ” ” ” 3/XI/1920 153
19. ” ” ” ” 13/XII/1922 154
20. ” ” ” ” 30/XII/1922 154
21. ” ” ” ” 10/II/1923 155
22. ” ” ” ” 24/III/1923 (1st para.) 156
23. ” ” ” ” 25/III/1923 (1st para.) 157
24. ” ” ” ” 1/IV/1923 157
25. ” ” ” ” 13/IV/1923 158
26. ” ” ” ” 14/IV/1923 159
27. ” ” ” ” 16/IV/1923 159
28. ” ” ” ” 24/IV/1923 (2nd para.) 160
29. ” ” ” ” 5/V/1923 (2nd para.) 161
30. ” ” ” ” 13/V/1923 161
31. ” ” ” ” 19/V/1923 162
32. ” ” ” ” 10/VI/1923 162
33. ” ” ” ” 17/VI/1923 (2nd para.) 163
34. ” ” ” ” 13/XII/1923 163
35. ” ” ” ” 16/I/1924 (1st para.) 164
36. ” ” ” ” 26/I/1924 (1st para.) 164
37. ” ” ” ” 30/I/1924 (1st para.) 164
38. ” ” ” ” 2/II/1924 (1st para.) 165
39. ” ” ” ” 5/II/1924 (1st para.) 165
40. ” ” ” ” 15/II/1924 (1st para.) 166
41. ” ” ” ” 26/III/1924 (1st para.) 166
42. ” ” ” ” 4/V/1924 (1st para.) 167
x The Architect of Modern Catalan
43. ” ” ” ” 10/VII/1924 (1st para.) 167
44. ” ” ” ” 13/VII/1924 167
45. ” ” ” ” 5/VIII/1924 168
46. ” ” ” ” 26/VIII/1924 169
47. ” ” ” ” 10/IX/1924 170
48. ” ” ” ” 13/IX/1924 171
49. “L ’obra de depuració del català” (The Task of Purifying Catalan) 172
50. “Conversa amb Pompeu Fabra” (A Conversation with Pompeu Fabra) 187
51. “Conversa filològica” (Philological Conversation) 17/VI/1926 194
52. ” ” ” ” 12/IX/1926 194
53. ” ” ” ” 17/VI/1927 195
54. ” ” ” ” 12/VI/1928 196
55. “De la depuració de la llengua literària” (On the Purification of the
Literary Language) 196
56. “La normalització de la gramàtica” (The Normalisation of Grammar) 204
57. Pròleg al Diccionari general de la llengua catalana (Prologue
to Diccionari general de la llengua catalana) 206
58. «Desviacions en els conceptes de llengua i Pàtria» (Deviations
in the Concepts of Language and Homeland) 208
59. «Discurs del President» (Presidential Address to the Barcelona
Jocs Florals) 213
Index of names and concepts 221