The Archeology of the New Testament: The Mediterranean World of the Early Christian Apostles PDF
Preview The Archeology of the New Testament: The Mediterranean World of the Early Christian Apostles
ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: ARCHAEOLOGY Volume 23 THE ARCHEOLOGY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT This page intentionally left blank THE ARCHEOLOGY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT The Mediterranean World of the Early Christian Apostles JACK FINEGAN ROUTLEDG RTayoloru &t Flreandcisg Gero up E LONDON AND NEW YORK First published in 1981 This edition first published in 2015 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 1981 Westview Press, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-1-138-79971-4 (Set) eISBN: 978-1-315-75194-8 (Set) ISBN: 978-1-138-81338-0 (Volume 23) eISBN: 978-1-315-74819-1 (Volume 23) Publisher's Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this book but points out that some imperfections from the original may be apparent. Disclaimer The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace. THE ARCHEOLOGY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT The Mediterranean World of the Early Christian Apostles Jack Finegan Westview Press • Boulder, Colorado Croom Helm • London, England All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any !Orm or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information smrage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Copyright O 1981 by Westview Press, Inc. Published in 1981 in the United States of America by Westview Press, Inc. 5500 Central Avenue Boulder, Colorado 80301 Frederick A. Praeger, Publisher Published in 1981 in Great Britain by Croom Helm Ltd. 2-10 St. John's Road London, S.W. II Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Finegan, Jack, 1908- The archeology of the New Testament. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. Vol. 2 published by Westview Press, Boulder, Colo. CONTENTS: [v.l.] The life of Jesus and the beginning of the early church. -[v.2.) The Mediterranean world of the early Christian apostles. L Bible. N.T.-Antiquities. L Title. BS 2375.F5 225.9'3 69-18057 ISBN (U.S.): 0-86531-064-5 (Westview: v.2) ISBN (U.K.): 0.7099-1006-1 Printed and bound in the United States of America CONTENTS List of Maps and Plans ................................................................. ix List of Illustrations .................................................................... xi Illustration Credits ................................................................... xvii Prefa ce ............................................................................ xix Alphabetical List of Ancient Sources ..................................................... xxi List of Abbreviations ................................................................. xxxi Chapter I/Sources ................................................................... 1 Chapter 2/Chronological History ...................................................... 9 Paul 12 Peter 17 Deaths of Peter and Paul 22 John 36 Chapter 3/Beginnings ............................................................... 51 Tarsus 51 Damascus 55 Antioch on the Orontes 63 Chapter 4/First Missionary Journey (A.O. 47-48) ....................................... 73 Cyprus 73 Central Asia Minor 78 Chapter 5/Second Missionary Journey (A.O. 49-51) ..................................... 93 Macedonia 93 Greek World 118 vii viii CONTENTS Chapter 6/Third Missionary Journey (A.D. 51-54) ..................................... 153 Western Asia Minor 153 Miletus 154 Ephesus 155 Seven Cities of the Revelation 171 Chapter 7/ Shipwreck Journey (A.D. 56-57) ........................................... 183 Caesarea 184 Crete 191 Malta 200 Sicily 204 Italy 208 Chapter 8/ln Rome (A.O. 57-59) .................... ................................. 217 History 217 Monuments 218 Notes ............................................................................. 235 Index of Biblical References ............................................................ 245 General Index ....................................................................... 247 MAPS AND PLANS Maps I Spain ........................................................................ 16 2 Cyprus ...................................................................... 74 3 Asia Minor ................................................................... 79 4 Greece ....................................................................... 94 5 Districts of Macedonia ......................................................... 95 6 From Philippi to Amphipolis ................................................... 107 7 Athens to Corinth ........................................................... 142 8 Central Crete ................................................................ 193 9 Phoenix ..................................................................... 196 10 Malta ....................................................................... 200 11 Western Malta ............................................................... 202 12 Sicily and Italy ............................................................... 205 13 Bay of Naples ................................................................ 209 Plans Vatican District ............................................................... 25 2 Vatican Excavations ........................................................... 27 3 Church of St. Paul Outside the Walls ............................................. 29 4 Catacombs of Rome ........................................................... 32 5 Damascus .................................................................... 60 6 Antioch on the Orontes ........................................................ 65 ix
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