The Archaeology of Colorado

952 Pages·1997·21.44 MB·English

by  E. Steve Cassells

title: The Archaeology of Colorado
author: Cassells, E. Steve.
publisher: Johnson Books
isbn10 | asin: 1555661939
print isbn13: 9781555661939
ebook isbn13: 9780585001470
language: English
Indians of North America--Colorado--
subject Antiquities, Archaeology--Colorado,
Colorado--Antiquities.
publication date: 1997
lcc: E78.C6C34 1997eb
ddc: 978.8/01
Indians of North America--Colorado--
subject: Antiquities, Archaeology--Colorado,
Colorado--Antiquities.
Page iii
The Archaeology
of Colorado
E. Steve Cassells
JOHNSON BOOKS
Boulder
Page iv
Copyright © 1983, 1997 by E. Steve Cassells
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopy, recording or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Published in the United States by Johnson Books, a division of
Johnson Printing Company, 1880 South 57th Court, Boulder,
Colorado 80301.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Cover design: Rachel Hegarty
Front cover photograph: Yellow Jacket area5MT-3, House 2,
Excavation Unit 28 tunnel from kiva to subterranean room under EU.
Photograph by Joe Ben Wheat, University of Colorado Museum.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cassells, E. Steve.
The archaeology of Colorado / E. Steve Cassells. Rev. ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-55566-193-9 (alk. paper)
1. Indians of North AmericaColoradoAntiquities.
2. ArchaeologyColorado. 3. ColoradoAntiquities. I. Title.
E78.C6C34 1997
978.8'01dc21
97-1761
CIP
Printed in the United States by Johnson Printing
1880 South 57th Court
Boulder, Colorado 80301
Printed on recycled paper with soy ink
Page v
To Jill
the epitome of what
"better half" should mean
Page vii
Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Preface to the First Edition ix
Preface to the Second Edition xi
1 An Introduction to the Science of 1
Archaeology
2 The New World in Global 6
Perspective
3 Colorado's Environment 16
4 Archaeological Dating 25
5 Archaeological Theory 35
6 The Paleo-lndians 50
7 The Archaic 95
8 The Post-Archaic of Western 132
Colorado
9 The Post-Archaic of Eastern 191
Colorado
10 The Historic Tribes 233
11 Summary 252
12 Colorado Archaeology Today 256
13 Scrapbook of Colorado 269
Archaeologists
Appendix I: Terminology 324
Appendix II: Colorado Archaeological 330
Agencies and Institutions
Glossary 334
Bibliography 339
Index 397
About the Author 411
Page ix
Acknowledgments
This culture history of the state of Colorado would not have been
possible without the kind help of many individuals. Many
photographs were loaned by people who were sympathetic to the
cause. Too numerous to be mentioned here, they have been credited in
the captions.
A number of professional and avocational archaeologists generously
took the time to review the drafts of various chapters in the first
edition. I am grateful for their comments, and I, of course, accept
responsibility for any errors that appear in the text. Reviewers
included Dennis Stanford, Marie Wormington, Frank Adkins, Jeff
Eighmy, Bruce Jones, Jim Benedict, Jack Smith, Emerson Pearson,
Linda Gregonis, Bill Buckles, Frank Frazier, Ann Johnson, Bruce
Rippeteau, Bruce Huckell, Phil Duke, Kevin Black, Kaaren Hardy-
Hunt, and O. D. Hand. Additionally, Helen Pustmueller (University of
Denver); Liz Morris (Colorado State University); Ann Hedlund, Joe
Ben Wheat, and Priscilla Ellwood (University of Colorado Museum);
and Bob Ackerly (Denver Museum of Natural History) were very
gracious in allowing me access to their museum collections.
Manuscripts and other references, obscure and otherwise, were
provided to me by Dennis Stanford, Pegi Jodry, Cal Jennings, Carl
Conner, John Gooding, Bruce Jones, Marie Wormington, Ed
Simonich, Sarah Nelson, Steve Kalasz, Meg Van Ness, Steve Baker,
Steve Chomko, Bob Brunswig, Vance Haynes, Alan Reed, Russ
Cleveland, and Betty Bachman. My treatment of the topics in the
book benefited greatly from extended conversations with Marie
Wormington, Cal Jennings, Bill Buckles, Joe Ben Wheat, Ann
Johnson, Emerson Pearson, Jeff Eighmy, Caryl Wood Ravanelli,
Dennis Stanford, Pegi Jodry, Frank Eddy, Jim Benedict, Jack Smith,
John Gooding, Larry Zimmerman, Gary Feinman, Jim Hester, and
Willard Louden. The excellent pen and ink cultural reconstructions in
Chapters 69 were rendered by the accomplished freelance artist,
historian, and bookstore proprietor Robin Farrington of Denver. The
first edition text is in great measure the result of assistance by Johnson
Books Editorial Director