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ETAN LEVINE THE ARAMAIC VERSION OF THE BIBLE DE GRUYTER Etan Levine The Aramaic Version of the Bible Etan Levine The Aramaic Version of the Bible Contents and Context w DE _G Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York 1988 Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft Herausgegeben von Otto Kaiser 174 Printed on acid free paper (ageing resistent — pH 7, neutral) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Levine, Etan. The Aramaic version of the Bible : contents and context / Etan Levine. p. cm. — (Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft ; 174) Includes the Aramaic text of the Bible with English translations. Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN 0-89925-459-4 (U.S.) I. Bible. Ο. T. Aramaic-Theology. I. Bible. Ο. T. Aramaic. 1988. II. Bible. Ο. T. English. Levine. 1988. III. Title. IV. Series: Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft ; 174. BS709.4.L48 1988 221.4'2-dc 19 88-18795 CIP Deutsche Bibliothek Cataloguing in Publication Data Levine, Etan: The Aramaic version of the Bible : contents and context / Etan Levine. — Berlin ; New York : de Gruyter, 1988 (Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissen- schaft ; 174) ISBN 3-11-011474-7 NE: Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft / Beiheft ISSN: 0934-2575 © Copyright 1988 by Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 30. Printed in Germany — Alle Rechte des Nachdrucks, einschließlich des Rechts der Herstellung von Photokopien — auch auszugsweise — vorbehalten. Satz und Druck: Arthur Collignon GmbH, Berlin 30 Bindearbeiten: Lüderitz & Bauer, Berlin 61 Table of Contents Acknowledgments............................................................................................................. V Preface......................................................................................................................................VII Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................XIII Introductory Essays.......................................................................................................... 1 I. The People and the B ook.................................................................... 3 II. The Language Barrier ........................................................................... 8 III. Tradition and Translation.................................................................... 14 IV. The Extant Targum s............................................................................... 20 V. The Aramaic Version as Textual W itness................................... 31 VI. General Characteristics of Targum ................................................. 37 The Aramaic Version of the B ible......................................................................... 43 I. Aspects of M onotheism ....................................................................... 45 II. The Name of God...................................................................................... 57 III. The Angelic, the Demonic, the O ccult...................................... 62 IV. Revelation Through Word and Wonder...................................... 74 V. On Divine Justice...................................................................................... 80 VI. Free Will and the Evil Urge................................................................ 93 VII. Israel of the Flesh; Apologetic Biography............................... 99 VIII. Imputed Merit and Imputed G uilt................................................. 107 IX. The Holiness Imperative....................................................................... 112 X. The Jerusalem Tem ple........................................................................... 117 XI. Repentance and Atonement................................................................ 124 XII. On Prayer........................................................................................................ 131 XIII. On Torah........................................................................................................ 135 XIV. The Legitimation of Pharisaic Authority................................... 142 XV. Pharisaic-Rabbinic Law and Institutions................................... 149 XVI. Contradictions of Pharisaic-Rabbinic L a w ............................... 154 XVII. History and Historiography................................................................ 167 XVIII. The Theology of E xile........................................................................... 173 XIX. Confronting Pagan Civilization......................................................... 181 XX. Anti-Christian Polem ic........................................................................... 188 XXI. Anti Moslem Polemic............................................................................... 194 XXII. The M essiah................................................................................................. 199 XXIII. The Resurrection and the Afterlife.................................................. 216 Select Bibliography..........................................................................................................227 XII Table of Contents Source Index........................................................................................................................233 Index of Aramaic and Hebrew Term s...............................................................251 Subject Index........................................................................................................................253 Abbreviations I. Journals and Reference Works AB Anchor Bible ABR American Benedictine Review AJSR Association of Jewish Studies Review Aug Augustinianum BA Biblical Archaeologist BASOR Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research BDB Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, cd. F Brown, S. R. Driver and C. A. Briggs Bib Biblica BTB Biblical Theology Bulletin CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly CHB Cambridge History of the Bible, cd. P. R. Ackroyd and C. F. Evans EB Estudios Biblicos EJ Encyclopaedia judaica HDB Dictionary of the Bible, ed. James Hastings HTR Harvard Theological Review HUCA Hebrew Union College Annual ICC International Critical Commentary 1DB Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible IEJ Israel Exploration journal JBL Journal of Biblical Literature JE Jewish Encyclopedia JJS Journal of Jewish Studies JNES Journal of New Eastern Studies JQR Jewish Quarterly Review JSJ Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Periods JSS Journal of Semitic Studies JTS Journal of Theological Studies MGWJ Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums NT Novum Tcstamentum NTS New Testament Studies PAAJR Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research RE Revue Biblique REJ Revue des Etudes Juives RQ Revue de Qumran SVT Supplements to Vetus Testamentum VT Vctus Testamentum ZAW Zeitschrift für die alttcstamcntliche Wissenschaft ZDMG Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft ZNW Zeitschrift für die neutcstamcntlichc Wissenschaft XIV Abbreviations II. Classical Sources M. Mishnah NT New Testament PRF. Pirqe de-Rabbi Eliezer PRK Pcsiqta de Rab Kahana Tan. Midrash Tanhuma Tan. B. Midrash Tanhuma, ed. S. Buber TB Babylonian Talmud TJ Palestinian Talmud Tos. Tosefta III. Targum A bbreviations FT Fragmentary Targum, acc. to The Fragmentary Targun7 of the Pentateuch, ed. Michael Klein MdW Massoreten des Westens II, ed. P. Kahle, acc. to fragments N Vatican Ms. Neophyti 1, according to editio princeps Mgl Marginal & Interlineal glosses on Ms. Neophyti 1 PsJ Pseudo-Jonathan acc. to Targum Jonathan ben U%%iel on the Pentateuch copied from the I^ondon Ms: British Museum Add. 27031, ed. R.Rieder PT Palestinian Targum (indicating two or more texts) T Targum Introductory Essays

Description:
Etan Levine's volume is essentially a sort of descriptive biography of the Targum per se, presenting a literary composite portrait of the ancient Jewish Aramaic versions of the Bible. Thus the title of the work is somewhat misleading, as it gives the impression of the existence of a single uniform T
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ETAN LEVINE THE ARAMAIC VERSION OF THE BIBLE DE GRUYTER Etan Levine The Aramaic Version of the Bible Etan Levine The Aramaic Version of the Bible Contents and Context w DE _G Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York 1988 Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft Herausgegeben von Otto Kaiser 174 Printed on acid free paper (ageing resistent — pH 7, neutral) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Levine, Etan. The Aramaic version of the Bible : contents and context / Etan Levine. p. cm. — (Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft ; 174) Includes the Aramaic text of the Bible with English translations. Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN 0-89925-459-4 (U.S.) I. Bible. Ο. T. Aramaic-Theology. I. Bible. Ο. T. Aramaic. 1988. II. Bible. Ο. T. English. Levine. 1988. III. Title. IV. Series: Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft ; 174. BS709.4.L48 1988 221.4'2-dc 19 88-18795 CIP Deutsche Bibliothek Cataloguing in Publication Data Levine, Etan: The Aramaic version of the Bible : contents and context / Etan Levine. — Berlin ; New York : de Gruyter, 1988 (Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissen- schaft ; 174) ISBN 3-11-011474-7 NE: Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft / Beiheft ISSN: 0934-2575 © Copyright 1988 by Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 30. Printed in Germany — Alle Rechte des Nachdrucks, einschließlich des Rechts der Herstellung von Photokopien — auch auszugsweise — vorbehalten. Satz und Druck: Arthur Collignon GmbH, Berlin 30 Bindearbeiten: Lüderitz & Bauer, Berlin 61 Table of Contents Acknowledgments............................................................................................................. V Preface......................................................................................................................................VII Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................XIII Introductory Essays.......................................................................................................... 1 I. The People and the B ook.................................................................... 3 II. The Language Barrier ........................................................................... 8 III. Tradition and Translation.................................................................... 14 IV. The Extant Targum s............................................................................... 20 V. The Aramaic Version as Textual W itness................................... 31 VI. General Characteristics of Targum ................................................. 37 The Aramaic Version of the B ible......................................................................... 43 I. Aspects of M onotheism ....................................................................... 45 II. The Name of God...................................................................................... 57 III. The Angelic, the Demonic, the O ccult...................................... 62 IV. Revelation Through Word and Wonder...................................... 74 V. On Divine Justice...................................................................................... 80 VI. Free Will and the Evil Urge................................................................ 93 VII. Israel of the Flesh; Apologetic Biography............................... 99 VIII. Imputed Merit and Imputed G uilt................................................. 107 IX. The Holiness Imperative....................................................................... 112 X. The Jerusalem Tem ple........................................................................... 117 XI. Repentance and Atonement................................................................ 124 XII. On Prayer........................................................................................................ 131 XIII. On Torah........................................................................................................ 135 XIV. The Legitimation of Pharisaic Authority................................... 142 XV. Pharisaic-Rabbinic Law and Institutions................................... 149 XVI. Contradictions of Pharisaic-Rabbinic L a w ............................... 154 XVII. History and Historiography................................................................ 167 XVIII. The Theology of E xile........................................................................... 173 XIX. Confronting Pagan Civilization......................................................... 181 XX. Anti-Christian Polem ic........................................................................... 188 XXI. Anti Moslem Polemic............................................................................... 194 XXII. The M essiah................................................................................................. 199 XXIII. The Resurrection and the Afterlife.................................................. 216 Select Bibliography..........................................................................................................227 XII Table of Contents Source Index........................................................................................................................233 Index of Aramaic and Hebrew Term s...............................................................251 Subject Index........................................................................................................................253 Abbreviations I. Journals and Reference Works AB Anchor Bible ABR American Benedictine Review AJSR Association of Jewish Studies Review Aug Augustinianum BA Biblical Archaeologist BASOR Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research BDB Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, cd. F Brown, S. R. Driver and C. A. Briggs Bib Biblica BTB Biblical Theology Bulletin CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly CHB Cambridge History of the Bible, cd. P. R. Ackroyd and C. F. Evans EB Estudios Biblicos EJ Encyclopaedia judaica HDB Dictionary of the Bible, ed. James Hastings HTR Harvard Theological Review HUCA Hebrew Union College Annual ICC International Critical Commentary 1DB Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible IEJ Israel Exploration journal JBL Journal of Biblical Literature JE Jewish Encyclopedia JJS Journal of Jewish Studies JNES Journal of New Eastern Studies JQR Jewish Quarterly Review JSJ Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Periods JSS Journal of Semitic Studies JTS Journal of Theological Studies MGWJ Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums NT Novum Tcstamentum NTS New Testament Studies PAAJR Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research RE Revue Biblique REJ Revue des Etudes Juives RQ Revue de Qumran SVT Supplements to Vetus Testamentum VT Vctus Testamentum ZAW Zeitschrift für die alttcstamcntliche Wissenschaft ZDMG Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft ZNW Zeitschrift für die neutcstamcntlichc Wissenschaft XIV Abbreviations II. Classical Sources M. Mishnah NT New Testament PRF. Pirqe de-Rabbi Eliezer PRK Pcsiqta de Rab Kahana Tan. Midrash Tanhuma Tan. B. Midrash Tanhuma, ed. S. Buber TB Babylonian Talmud TJ Palestinian Talmud Tos. Tosefta III. Targum A bbreviations FT Fragmentary Targum, acc. to The Fragmentary Targun7 of the Pentateuch, ed. Michael Klein MdW Massoreten des Westens II, ed. P. Kahle, acc. to fragments N Vatican Ms. Neophyti 1, according to editio princeps Mgl Marginal & Interlineal glosses on Ms. Neophyti 1 PsJ Pseudo-Jonathan acc. to Targum Jonathan ben U%%iel on the Pentateuch copied from the I^ondon Ms: British Museum Add. 27031, ed. R.Rieder PT Palestinian Targum (indicating two or more texts) T Targum Introductory Essays

Description:
Etan Levine's volume is essentially a sort of descriptive biography of the Targum per se, presenting a literary composite portrait of the ancient Jewish Aramaic versions of the Bible. Thus the title of the work is somewhat misleading, as it gives the impression of the existence of a single uniform T
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